2-Chloro-1-propene

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

General First Aid:

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

Immediate precautionary measure

140 [mg/m3]

1600 [mg/m3]

9300 [mg/m3]

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 35(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-chloro-1-propene will have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-chloro-1-propene should be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.0X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Volatilization from dry soil surfaces(SRC) is expected based on a vapor pressure of 819 mm Hg(SRC), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients(4). Based on limited data, this compound is expected to be resistant to both anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation(SRC). In anaerobic and aerobic closed bottle tests, using a mixture of 12 chlorinated aliphatic compounds and a methanotroph-conditioned culture inoculum, 10% and 20% removal of 2-chloro-1-propene (initially present at 84 ug (anaerobic) and 30 ug (aerobic)), respectively, was reported after 60 days incubation(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 35(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-chloro-1-propene should not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). 2-Chloro-1-propene is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(1,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.0X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 3 days, respectively(1,SRC). Measured half-lives for 2-chloro-1-propene in dilute (1 ppm, average solution depth of 6.5 cm) aqueous solution ranged from 29.7 to 35.8 minutes(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF value of 20(1,SRC), from a measured log Kow(6), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Based on limited data, this compound is expected to be resistant to both anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation(SRC). In anaerobic and aerobic closed bottle tests, using a mixture of 12 chlorinated aliphatic compounds and a methanotroph-conditioned culture inoculum, 10% and 20% removal of 2-chloro-1-propene (initially present at 84 ug (anaerobic) and 30 ug (aerobic)), respectively, was reported after 60 days incubation(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-chloro-1-propene, which has a vapor pressure of 819 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), from experimentally-derived coefficients(2), will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-chloro-1-propene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 1-2 days(3,SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2-chloro-1-propene can be estimated to be about 35(SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-chloro-1-propene has very high mobility in soil(SRC).

SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 1. A. INHALATION, HIGH VAPOR CONCN: GASPING, REFUSAL TO BREATHE, COUGHING, SUBSTERNAL PAIN, & EXTREME RESP DISTRESS @ ... CONCN OVER 1500 PPM. IRRITATION OF EYES & UPPER RESP MUCOSA APPEARS PROMPTLY AFTER EXPOSURE TO CONCENTRATED VAPORS. LACRIMATION AND HEADACHE ARE PROMINENT. COMA MAY OCCUR RAPIDLY. B. INHALATION, LOW VAPOR CONCN: CENTRAL NERVOUS DEPRESSION & MODERATE IRRITATION OF RESP SYSTEM. 2. DERMAL: SEVERE SKIN IRRITATION WITH MARKED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE OF EPIDERMIS & UNDERLYING TISSUES. /DICHLOROPROPENES/

SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 3. ORAL: ACUTE GI DISTRESS WITH PULMONARY CONGESTION & EDEMA. CNS DEPRESSION, PERHAPS EVEN IN ABSENCE OF IMPAIRED OXYGEN UPTAKE. 4. BY ANY ROUTE, POSSIBLE INJURIES TO LIVER, KIDNEYS & HEART. /DICHLOROPROPENES/

2-Chloro-1-propene's production and use as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and in the formulation of comonomers(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 2-Chloro-1-propene may also be released to the environment in waste streams(SRC) during the production of allyl chloride(2,3).

A mixture of 12 chlorinated aliphatic compounds, including 2-chloro-1-propene, was evaluated in an aerobic batch-fed reactor; 93.75% of the added 2-chloro-1-propene, initially present at 160 ug/l, was degraded over a 6 month period(1). The same mixture of compounds was evaluated in an anaerobic batch-fed reactor; 82.5% of the added 2-chloro-1-propene was degraded over 6 months(1). In anaerobic and aerobic closed bottle tests, using the same mixture of compounds and a methanotroph-conditioned culture inoculum, 10% and 20% removal of 2-chloro-1-propene (initially present at 84 ug (anaerobic) and 30 ug (aerobic)), respectively, was reported after 60 days incubation(1).

An estimated BCF value of 20 was calculated for 2-chloro-1-propene(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 2.0(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Measured half-lives for 2-chloro-1-propene in dilute (1 ppm, average solution depth of 6.5 cm) aqueous solution ranged from 29.7 to 35.8 minutes(1). The time required for 50 and 90% evaporation of 2-chloro-1-propene from a dilute aqueous solution was 29 and 110 minutes, respectively(2). The Henry's Law constant for 2-chloro-1-propene is estimated as 7.0X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(3). This value indicates that 2-chloro-1-propene will volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(4,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 3 hours(4,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 3 days(4,SRC). 2-Chloro-1-propene's values for vapor pressure, 819 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), from experimentally-derived coefficients(5), and Henry's Law constant(3,SRC) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil surfaces should occur(SRC).

IN A SERIES OF ALLYLIC CHLORO-OLEFINS & THEIR NON-ALLYLIC ISOMERS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ALLYLIC STRUCTURE & THE INFLUENCE OF METHYL & CHLORINE SUBSTITUENTS ON THE DIRECT MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY IN SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM (TA 100) WAS TESTED. 2-CHLORO-1-PROPENE DID NOT SHOW ANY DIRECT MUTAGENIC & ALKYLATING PROPERTIES WHEN TESTED ON SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM (TA 100).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-chloro-1-propene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.1X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1-2 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC).

The general population may be exposed to 2-chloro-1-propene via inhalation of ambient air and dermal contact with vapors and products containing 2-chloro-1-propene. Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation or dermal contact at workplaces where 2-chloro-1-propene is produced or used. (SRC)

2-Chloro-1-propene's production and use as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and in the formulation of comonomers may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 2-Chloro-1-propene may also be released to the environment in waste streams during the production of allyl chloride. If released to the atmosphere, 2-chloro-1-propene will exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere, based on an extrapolated vapor pressure of 819 mm Hg at 25 °C. Vapor-phase 2-chloro-1-propene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals with an estimated half-life of about 1-2 days. An estimated Koc value of 35 suggests that 2-chloro-1-propene will have very high mobility in soil. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.0X10-2 atm-cu m/mole. Volatilization from dry soil surfaces is expected given the vapor pressure of this compound. Based on limited data, this compound is expected to be resistant to both anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation in soil and water. In anaerobic and aerobic closed bottle tests, using a mixture of 12 chlorinated aliphatic compounds and a methanotroph-conditioned culture inoculum, 10% and 20% removal of 2-chloro-1-propene, respectively, was reported after 60 days incubation. In water, 2-chloro-1-propene is not expected to adsorb to sediment or particulate matter based on its Koc value. This compound should volatilize from water surfaces given its estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 3 days, respectively. Measured volatilization half-lives in dilute aqueous solution (average solution depth of 6.5 cm) ranged from 29.7 to 35.8 minutes. Bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is expected to be low based on an estimated BCF value of 20. The general population may be exposed to 2-chloro-1-propene via inhalation of ambient air, and dermal contact with vapors and products containing 2-chloro-1-propene. Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation or dermal contact at workplaces where 2-chloro-1-propene is produced or used. (SRC)

2-Chloropropylene

1

10000

Flammable chemical that can be released at a facility.