감마-아미노-N-부티르 산
감마-아미노-N-부티르산 · 아미노부티릭애씨드 · 4-아미노부탄산 · GABA · 4-AMINOBUTANOIC ACID · GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID · gamma · γ-Aminobutyric acid
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 56-12-2 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | C4H9NO2 |
| 평균 분자량 | 103.12 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 103.06332853 g/mol |
| SMILES | NCCCC(=O)O |
| InChIKey | BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 119 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL96 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:16865 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID6035106 |
| 현지명 | 감마-아미노-N-부티르 산 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| XLogP | -3.2 |
|---|---|
| 극성 표면적 | 63.3 |
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 2 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 3 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 3 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 7 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 62.7 |
| 의약품 | Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15 |
| 지질 | Fatty Acyls [FA] -> Fatty Acids and Conjugates [FA01] -> Amino fatty acids [FA0110] |
| 화장품 | Hair conditioning |
| LogP(분배 계수) | -3.17 |
| 향미제 | EU Flavoring substances |
| 용해도 | 1300.0 mg/mL1.2 [ug/mL] (The mean of the results at pH 7.4)H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, 투명, 무색 |
| 녹는점 | 203 °C195 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
| Physical Description | Solid |
| Ionization Efficiency | Negative-1.5210.5Agilent XCTElectrospray ionizationammonia (10nM) |
| Dissociation Constants | 10.6 |
| 끓는 점 | 248.0±23.0 °C(Predicted) |
| 밀도 | 1.2300 (estimate) |
| 굴절률 | 1.4650 (estimate) |
| FEMA | 4288 | 4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID |
| 저장 조건 | 2-8°C |
| pKa(산도 계수) | 4.031(at 25℃) |
| 물리적 상태 | 가루 |
| 색상 | 흰색에서 거의 흰색 |
| 냄새 | 프로필렌 글리콜 중 1.00%. 풍미있는 고기 |
| 향취 유형 | 고기가 많은 |
| 용해도 | 녹는 |
| Merck | 14,430 |
| JECFA Number | 1771 |
| BRN | 906818 |
| 화장품 원료 기능 | 헤어 컨디셔닝 |
| InChI | 1S/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7) |
| InChIKey | BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | NCCCC(O)=O |
| LogP(분배 계수) | -3.17 |
| NIST | 4-Aminobutanoic acid(56-12-2) |
| EPA | 4-Aminobutanoic acid (56-12-2) |
화학적 성질
4-Aminobutyric acid is a white flake or needle-like crystal; slightly odorous, deliquescence; easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in hot ethanol, insoluble in cold ethanol, ether and benzene; decomposition point is 202°C; LD50 (rat, abdominal cavity) 5400mg/kg.
안전 및 규제
| 규제 정보 | Chemical: Butanoic acid, 4-amino-Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)gamma-Aminobutyric acid: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
|---|---|
| 기타 안전 정보 | Evaluation - Chemicals that are unlikely to require further regulation to manage risks to environment |
| 건강 영향 | Chronically high levels of GABA are associated with at least 5 inborn errors of metabolism including: D-2-Hydroxyglutaric Aciduria, 4-Hydroxybutyric Aciduria/Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency, GABA-Transaminase Deficiency, Homocarnosinosis and Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
| 수질 위해 등급(WGK) | 2 |
| TSCA 등재 상태 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 번호 | ES6300000 |
| 관세 코드 | 29224995 |
| 위험 문구(R) | 36/37/38-20/21/22 |
| 위험 표시 | Xi,Xn |
| 안전 문구(S) | 26-36 |
| 위험 참고 사항 | Irritant |
| 저장 분류 | 11 - Combustible Solids |
용도
개요
4-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays a role in regulating neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In humans, GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone. Although chemically it is an amino acid, GABA is rarely referred to as such in the scientific or medical communities, because the term "amino acid," used without a qualifier, conventionally refers to the alpha amino acids, which GABA is not, nor is it ever incorporated into a protein. In spastic diplegia in humans, GABA absorption becomes impaired by nerves damaged from the condition's upper motor neuron lesion, which leads to hypertonia of the muscles signaled by those nerves that can no longer absorb GABA.
역사
4-Aminobutyric acid was first synthesized in 1883, and was first known only as a plant and microbe metabolic product. In 1950, however, GABA was discovered to be an integral part of the mammalian central nervous system.
용도
4-Aminobutyric acid is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, which has good water solubility and thermal stability. It has been confirmed that GABA, as a small molecular weight non protein amino acid, has edible safety and can be used in the production of beverages and other foods. Studies have shown that a certain amount of GABA can improve the body's sleep quality and reduce blood pressure.The foods contain γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at an amount that shows immediate effect of suppressing autonomic nerve activity related to blood pressure increase. Reacts with isothiocyanates to produce thioureas which have antifungal activity.
일반 설명
4-Aminobutyric acid is a chief inhibitory neurotransmitter, which is found in the cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus and hippocampus. It is formed via the decarboxylation of L-glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD).
제조 및 합성 방법
제조 방법
The synthesis of 4-aminobutyric acid mainly includes the following: the first is the use of potassium Phthaloyl imine and γ- Chloroprene cyanogen or butyrolactone is used as the raw material of GABA. The final product obtained after violent reaction and hydrolysis is GABA; The second is to use pyrrolidone as the initial raw material, hydrolyze it through calcium hydroxide and ammonium bicarbonate, and finally open its ring to obtain GABA; The third is to use butyric acid and ammonia as raw materials of GABA γ GABA was obtained by light reaction under X-ray conditions; The fourth method is to synthesize GABA with propylamine and formic acid by glow discharge; The fifth is to use methyl bromoacetate and ethylene as raw materials to prepare GABA. Methyl 4-bromobutyrate is obtained through polymerization. Finally, the product after ammonolysis and hydrolysis is GABA. The chemical synthesis methods of GABA have the disadvantages of difficult reaction control and high cost.