캡사이신

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C.

Store at 15 to 30 °C (59 to 86 °F) /Over the counter capsaicin/

Safe Storage of Pesticides. Always store pesticides in their original containers, complete with labels that list ingredients, directions for use, and first aid steps in case of accidental poisoning. Never store pesticides in cabinets with or near food, animal feed, or medical supplies. Do not store pesticides in places where flooding is possible or in places where they might spill or leak into wells, drains, ground water, or surface water.

Store carton between 20 and 25 °C (68 and 77 °F). Excursions between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F) are allowed. Keep the patch in the sealed pouch until immediately before use. /Prescription capsaicin patch/

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment, and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist, or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

If a spill occurs, clean it up promptly. Don't wash it away. Instead, sprinkle the spill with sawdust, vermiculite, or kitty litter. Sweep it into a plastic garbage bag, and dispose of it as directed on the pesticide product label.

After Applying a Pesticide, Indoors or Outdoors: To remove pesticide residues, use a bucket to rinse tools or equipment three times, including any containers or utensils that you used when mixing the pesticide. Then pour the rinsewater into the pesticide sprayer and reuse the solution by applying it according to the pesticide product label directions. After applying any pesticide wash your hands and any other parts of your body that may have come in contact with the pesticide. ...To prevent tracking pesticides inside, remove or rinse your boots or shoes before entering your home. Wash any clothes that have been exposed to a lot of pesticide separately from your regular wash.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Safe Disposal of Pesticides: The best way to dispose of small amounts of excess pesticides is to use them - apply them - according to the directions on the label. If you cannot use them, ask your neighbors whether they have a similar pest control problem and can use them. If all of the remaining pesticide cannot be properly used, check with your local solid waste management authority, environmental agency, or health department to find out whether your community has a household hazardous waste collection program or a similar program for getting rid of unwanted, leftover pesticides. These authorities can also inform you of any local requirements for pesticide waste disposal.

Safe Disposal of Pesticides: An empty pesticide container can be as hazardous as a full one because of residues left inside. Never reuse such a container. When empty, a pesticide container should be rinsed carefully three times and the rinsewater thoroughly drained back onto the sprayer or the container previously used to mix the pesticide. Use the rinsewater as a pesticide, following label directions. Replace the cap or closure securely. Dispose of the container according to label instructions. Do not puncture or burn a pressurized container like an aerosol - it could explode. Do cut or puncture other empty pesticide containers made of metal or plastic to prevent someone from reusing them. Wrap the empty container and put it in the trash after you have rinsed it.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment, and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist, or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.

Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.

Appropriate engineering controls: Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for CAPSAICIN (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type N99 (US) or type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Long-sleeved shirt and long pants. Shoes plus socks. Waterproof gloves.

Capsaicin should be washed off the skin using soap, shampoo, or other detergents, or rubbed off with oily compounds such as vegetable oil, paraffin oil, petroleum jelly, creams, or polyethylene glycol. Burning and pain symptoms can be effectively relieved by cooling from ice, cold water, cold surfaces, or a flow of air. In severe cases, eye burn might be treated symptomatically with topical ophthalmic anaesthetics, while mucous membrane burn can be treated with lidocaine gel. Capsaicin-induced asthma might be treated with nebulized bronchodilators or oral antihistamines or corticosteroids. (L1246)

... after capsaicin (0.3 uM; 30 min) treatment of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle preparations, the maximal contraction of the trachea after methacholine stimulation was strongly increased (capsaicin: 1.147 +/- 0.050 g vs. control: 0.717 +/- 0.047 g). This effect was completely nullified after pretreatment with capsazepine (2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl-amino-thiocarbonyl]-7,8-dihydroxy-2,3, 4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2benzazepine; a vanilloid receptor antagonist) and YM38336 (a dual tachykinin NK1 and tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist).

... Treatment of HL-60 cells with 5-30 ug/mL capsaicin for 72 hr inhibited cell proliferation and induced a small increase in cell differentiation. Synergistic induction of HL-60 cell differentiation was observed when capsaicin was combined with either 5 nM 1,25-(OH)2D3 or 50 nM all-trans retinoic acid. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that combinations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and capsaicin stimulated differentiation predominantly to monocytes whereas combinations of all-trans retinoic acid and capsaicin stimulated differentiation predominantly to granulocytes. Capsaicin enhanced protein kinase C activity in 1,25-(OH)2D3- and all-trans retinoic acid-treated HL-60 cells. In addition, inhibitors for protein kinase C [bisindolylmaleimide (GF-109203X), chelerythrine, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H-7)] and an inhibitor for extracellular signal-regulated kinase [2-(2'-amino-3'-methoxyphenyl)-oxanaphthalen-4-one (PD-098059)] significantly inhibited HL-60 cell differentiation induced by capsaicin in combination with either 1,25-(OH)2D3 or all-trans retinoic acid.

... Capsaicin and nonivamide significantly enhanced the flux of indomethacin across nude mouse skin. ... Histological examination coupled with visual scores indicated the safety of capsaicin and nonivamide on skin structure. Simultaneous application of ultrasound and enhancers significantly increased skin permeation of indomethacin compared with either ultrasound or enhancers alone.

Treatment of neonatal rats with the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel agonist, capsaicin, produces life-long loss of sensory neurons expressing TRPV1 channels. Previously it was shown that rats treated on day 2 of life with capsaicin had behavioral hyperactivity in a novel environment at 5-7 weeks of age and brain changes reminiscent of those found in subjects with schizophrenia. The objective of the present study was to investigate brain and behavioral responses of adult rats treated as neonates with capsaicin. It was found that the brain changes found at 5-7 weeks in rats treated as neonates with capsaicin persisted into adulthood (12 weeks) but were less in older rats (16-18 weeks). Increased prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle was found in these rats at 8 and 12 weeks of age rather than the deficit commonly found in animal models of schizophrenia. Subjects with schizophrenia also have reduced flare responses to niacin and methylnicotinate proposed to be mediated by prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Flare responses are accompanied by cutaneous plasma extravasation. It was found that the cutaneous plasma extravasation responses to methylnicotinate and PGD2 were reduced in capsaicin-treated rats. In conclusion, several neuroanatomical changes observed in capsaicin-treated rats, as well as the reduced cutaneous plasma extravasation responses, indicate that the role of TRPV1 channels in schizophrenia is worthy of investigation.

For more Interactions (Complete) data for CAPSAICIN (21 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.2X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that capsaicin is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of capsaicin from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.0X10-13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Capsaicin is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.3X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2016).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.2X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that capsaicin is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.0X10-13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 47(SRC), from its log Kow of 3.04(6) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC). Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2016).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), capsaicin, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.3X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase capsaicin may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Capsaicin absorbs light at wavelength 280 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

The more common potential adverse reactions and events with topical patch administration include local erythema, local pain, local pruritus, local edema, local swelling, local dryness, hypertension, papules, pruritus, nausea, vomiting, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis.

On the basis of the available data, the CIR Expert Panel concludes that Capsaicin and Capsicum Annuum Extract, Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract, Capsicum Annuum Resin, Capsicum Annuum Fruit Powder, Capsicum Frutescens Fruit, Capsicum Frutescens Fruit Extract and Capsicum Frutescens Resin are safe as cosmetics in practices of use and concentration as described in the safety assessment when formulated not to be irritating.

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Capsaicin is a pure dark red solid. It is used as a topical medication and a tool in neurobiological research. A number of health benefits have been ascribed to capsaicin and its derivatives, including anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-obesity activity, and analgesia. Topical capsaicin is used in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, osteoarthritis, and painful diabetic neuropathy. However, the strong pungency of these substances and potential for neurotoxicity limit their use in food, nutritional supplements, and pharmaceuticals. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Capsaicin is a powerful irritant; initial administration causes intense pain. Prolonged treatment causes insensitivity to painful stimuli and induces selective degeneration of certain primary sensory neurons. Painful exposures to capsaicin-containing peppers are among the most common plant-related exposures presented to poison centers. They cause burning or stinging pain to the skin, and if ingested in large amounts by adults or small amounts by children, can produce nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and burning diarrhea. Eye exposure produce intense tearing, pain, conjunctivitis, and blepharospasm. The irritating effect on the eyes has been utilized in pressurized dog repellent sprays which incorporate capsaicin. One boy accidentally had his eyes sprayed with this material. His eyes immediately smarted, teared, and became red, but were normal by the next day. "Hunan hand" is a contact dermatitis resulting from the direct handling of chili peppers containing capsaicin. In human lung and prostate cancer cells capsaicin stimulated both DNA double strand breaks and micronuclei production. Capsaicin was also found to be a DNA hypermethylating agent in A549 cells. ANIMAL STUDIES: Fifty ug/mL applied on the eyes of rats has caused obvious pain and blepharospasm. The blood vessels of the conjunctivae and lids became abnormally permeable to Evans blue dye injected intravenously. Application of local anesthetic prevented pain, but did not alter the vascular reaction. Intravitreal injection of capsaicin in rabbits causes miosis and breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier. Oral LD50 values were 118.8 mg/kg for male and 97.4 mg/kg for female mice, and 161.2 mg/kg for male and 148.1 mg/kg for female rats. Major toxic symptoms in mice were salivation, erythema of skin, staggering gait, bradypnea, and cyanosis. Some animals showed tremor, clonic convulsion, dyspnea and lateral or prone position and then died 4 to 26 min after dosing. Survivors recovered within 6 hr in mice and 24 hr in rats. Toxic symptoms of rats were almost the same as mice, but rats showing higher incidence of cyanosis, clonic or tonic convulsion, dyspnea and lateral position, and the recovery was later than mice. Capsaicin caused developmental neurotoxicity in rats. The results of genotoxicity testing confirm the absence of genotoxic activity of high-purity capsaicin in the bacterial mutation and chromosome aberration tests. In addition, no evidence of cytotoxicity or genotoxicity was seen in the rat bone marrow micronucleus test. Repeated applications of capsaicin onto the shaven backs of female mice following a single-initiation dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene did not cause any significant increase in papilloma formation and abnormal hyperplastic or inflammatory skin lesions, compared with the solvent control. Topical application of capsaicin did not induce the epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity. The compound ameliorated the mouse skin carcinogenesis when given simultaneously with the tumor promoter, 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ A need for environmentally acceptable alternative antifouling (AF) biocides has arisen through restrictions in the use of many common biocides in the European Union through the Biocidal Product Regulation (Regulation EU No. 528/2012). Three such alternatives are triphenylborane pyridine (TPBP), tralopyril, and capsaicin. This study aims at extending the available information on the toxicity of these three emerging AF biocides to key marine invertebrates. Here ... investigate the toxicity of tralopyril and capsaicin to the early life stages of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and also of tralopyril, capsaicin and TPBP to the early life stages of the copepod Tisbe battagliai. The EC50 that causes abnormal development of mussel's D-veliger larvae and impairs the growth of sea urchin pluteus larvae are respectively 3.1 and 3.0 ug/L for tralopyril and 3,868 and 5,248 ug/L for capsaicin. Regarding the copepod T. battagliai, the LC50 was 0.9 ug/L for tralopyril, 1,252 ug/L for capsaicin and 14 ug/L for TPBP. The results obtained for the three substances are compared to a reference AF biocide, tributyltin (TBT), and their ecological risk evaluated. These compounds pose a lower environmental risk than TBT but still, ... results suggest that tralopyril and TPBP may represent a considerable threat to the ecosystems.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Nonivamide, a synthetic derivate of natural capsaicin, has an effective antifouling activity. However, the poor understanding of the toxicity mechanism limits the application of nonivamide in antifouling paints. The present study investigated the inhibitory effects and toxicity mechanism of nonivamide on Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Under a 1.5x10+5 cells/mL of initial algal density (IAD), the effective concentration causing 50% inhibition at 4-days (4 day-EC50) value of nonivamide was 5.1 mg/L. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was significantly increased in nonivamide-treated algae. Algal antioxidants, including catalases (CAT), peroxidases (POD), superoxide dismutases (SOD), and glutathione (GSH), were all stimulated by the ROS burst. The excessive ROS substances led to the loss of algal photosynthetic pigments and also damage to the integrity of the lipid membrane. Furthermore, ROS-related genes, including psbA, psbD, psaB, rbcL, nad1, and cob, were found to be suppressed in the chloroplasts and mitochondria of nonivamide-treated algae, and the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+, an important regulator of chloroplast and mitochondrion, was elevated. The present study demonstrates that nonivamide could cause peroxidative damages to P. tricornutum by inducing ROS overproduction, which may be initiated by the suppression of ROS-related genes in algal chloroplasts and mitochondria. /Nonivamide/

Capsaicin is a powerful irritant and causes burning or stinging pain to the skin. Ingestion of large amounts can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and burning diarrhea. Eye exposure produces intense tearing, pain, conjunctivitis and blepharospasm. (L1246)

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page for Capsaicin, which tabulates all of the "Genetic Toxicology Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical.[Available from: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/agents/ts-10013-e.html]

EPA has released the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays/[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of July 7, 2016: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of capsaicin can be estimated to be 1.2X10+4(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that capsaicin is expected to be immobile in soil.

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, including capsaicin, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Drug products containing certain active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for certain uses. A number of active ingredients have been present in OTC drug products for various uses, as described below. However, based on evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients for the specified uses: capsaicin is included in fever blister and cold sore treatment drug products.

Capsaicin is exempt from the requirement of a tolerance in or on all food commodities when used in accordance with approved label rates and good agricultural practice.

Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after submission of relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether products containing the active ingredient are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has previously identified and required or waived the submission of the generic (i.e., active ingredient specific) data required to support reregistration of products containing capsaicin as an active ingredient. The Agency has completed its review of these generic data and other relevant information and has determined that the data are sufficient to support reregistration of products containing capsaicin.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer safety standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Capsaicin is found on List D. Case No: 4018; Pesticide type: insecticide, vertebrate repellent; Case Status: RED Approved 09/91; OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document; Active ingredient (AI): capsaicin (in oleoresin of capsicum); AI Status: OPP has completed a RED document for the case/AI.

CIR ingredient: Capsaicin

Pungent component in capsicum species plants; Used in neurobiological research and as a topical analgesic; [Merck Index] Used as flavoring agent or adjuvant; [FDA] Used as a repellent for birds, voles, deer, rabbits, squirrels, insects, and attacking dogs indoors and outdoors for the protection of fruit and vegetable crops, ornamentals, and lawns; [Reference #1]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For capsaicin (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 070701) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Food flavoring; in pepper spray self-defense devices; as a tool in neurobiological research.

For use on fruits, vegetables, foliage plants and ornamentals to repel rabbits, squirrels, and soft-bodied insects.

(1977) Not produced commercially in USA

(1979) Not produced commercially in USA

Reaction of vanillylamine with 7-methyloct-5-ene-1-carboxylic acid chloride; biosynthesis from Capsicum frutescens (red peppers)

The active ingredient capsaicin (oleoresin of Capsicum) is generally obtained by grinding dried ripe fruits of Capsicum frutescens L. (chili peppers) into a fine powder. The oleoresin may be obtained by distillation of the powder in an appropriate solvent, and evaporation of the solvent to yield the liquid oleoresin and associated fatty matter. The fatty matter is removed by decanting or filtration. ...

Hot Pepper Wax Concentrate (Bonide Products, Inc.): Active ingredient: Capsaicin 0.0002%.

Shot-Gun Animal Repellent Concentrate (Bonide Products, Inc.): Active ingredient: Capsaicin 0.0002%.

Shot Gun Hot Hot Pepper Wax Animal Repellent (Bonide Products, Inc.): Active ingredient: Capsaicin 0.0001%.

Halt Dog Repellent (ARI): Active ingredient: Capsaicin 0.35%.

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for CAPSAICIN (42 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6-Nonenamide, N-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-8-methyl-, (6E)-: ACTIVE

Capsiate, a nonpungent capsaicin analogue, and its dihydro and nordihydro derivatives... are the major capsinoids of the nonpungent red pepper cultivar CH-19 Sweet. /Capsinoids/

Capsaicin, the main pungency compound of hot chili peppers, and its dihydro and nordihydro derivatives... are the major capsaicinoids of hot chili peppers.