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HCID 17516생성일: 2026년 10월 31일

프로메캅

프로메캅 · (3-메틸-5-프로판-2-일페닐) N-메틸카바메이트 · 3-메틸-5-(1-메틸에틸)페놀, 메틸 카바메이트 · 3-메틸-5-(1-메틸에틸)페놀, 메틸카바메이트 · 3-메틸-5-아이소프로필페닐 메틸카바메이트 · 3-아이소프로필-5-메틸페닐 N-메틸카바메이트 · 3-아이소프로필-5-메틸페닐 메틸카바메이트 · m-사임-5-일 메틸카바메이트

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/17516

프로메캅 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.2631-37-0
분자식C12H17NO2
평균 분자량207.27 g/mol
단동위원소 질량207.12592879 g/mol
SMILESCNC(=O)Oc1cc(C)cc(C(C)C)c1
InChIKeyDTAPQAJKAFRNJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID17516
ChEMBLCHEMBL1076537
ChEBICHEBI:82096
EC No.220-113-0
DTXSIDDTXSID4037617
현지명프로메캅

화학 및 물리적 성질

XLogP3.1
극성 표면적38.3
수소 결합 공여자 수1
수소 결합 수용자 수2
회전 가능 결합 수3
무거운 원자 수15
형식 전하0
복잡도216
SpringerMaterials PropertiesFusion temperature
농약InsecticidesActive substance -> EU Pesticides database: Not approvedPesticides -> Carbamate InsecticidesPesticide (Promecarb) -> USDA PDB
LogP(분배 계수)log Kow= 3.10 (measured)
냄새ALMOST ODORLESS
Color/FormCOLORLESS CRYSTALLINE SOLID
용해도SOL IN POLAR ORG SOLVENTS91 MG/L IN WATER @ ROOM TEMP100-200 G/L IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, XYLENE200-400G/L IN CYCLOHEXANOL, CYCLOHEXANONE, 2-PROPANOL, METHANOL400-600 G/L IN ACETONE, DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE, 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE클로로포름(약간 용해됨), 메탄올(약간 용해됨)
CorrosivityNon-corrosive
끓는 점243 °F at 0.01 mmHg (EPA, 1998)117 °C AT 0.1 MM HG345 °C @760 [mm Hg]117℃ (10-12 Torr)
녹는점189 to 190 °F (EPA, 1998)87-87.5 °C87.5℃
증기압3e-05 mmHg at 77 °F (EPA, 1998)0.00003 [mmHg]3X10-5 mm Hg @ 25 °C0.00003 [mm Hg] @25 °C
Physical DescriptionAlmost odorless, colorless crystalline solid. Used as a non-systemic contact insecticide. Not for sale or use in the USA. (EPA, 1998)Colorless solid[Hawley]
Stability/Shelf LifeNo change at 50 °C for 140 hr, half life @ pH 7, 310 hr & @ pH 9, 5.7 hr.Hydrolyzed in alkalies
밀도1.0681 (rough estimate)
굴절률1.5220 (estimate)
저장 조건0-6°C
pKa(산도 계수)12.37±0.46(Predicted)
물리적 상태수정 같은
색상흰색에서 황백색까지
용해도92mg/L(상온)
Merck13,7875
BRN2111695
헨리 상수1.1×102 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Duchowicz et al. (2020)
InChI1S/C12H17NO2/c1-8(2)10-5-9(3)6-11(7-10)15-12(14)13-4/h5-8H,1-4H3,(H,13,14)
InChIKeyDTAPQAJKAFRNJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESCNC(=O)Oc1cc(C)cc(c1)C(C)C
EPAPromecarb (2631-37-0)

화학적 성질

Promecarb is a colorless, odorless, crystalline solid

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류DangerH301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P270, P273, P301+P316, P321, P330, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H301 (97.6%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
규제 정보2002/2076The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
기타 안전 정보IMAP assessments - Phenol, 3-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-, methyl carbamate: Environment tier I assessment
운송 라벨(DOT)Poison
화재 위험(Non-Specific -- Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Container may explode in heat of fire. Fire and runoff from fire control water may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Hydrolyzed by alkalis. Stable. No changes observed on storage for 140 hours at122F. (EPA, 1998)
건강 유해성Promecarb is highly toxic by ingestion and is absorbed through the intact skin. It is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor and its effects are related to action on the nervous sysem. (EPA, 1998)
유해성 요약A cholinesterase inhibitorMost of the aromatic carbamate insecticides have low dermal absorptionRats receiving 5 mg orally every day for 1.5 years showed no adverse effectsMost rats die after doses of 50 mg/kg/day for 3 months[HSDB] A reversible cholinesterase inhibitorCan be absorbed through skin[CAMEO] May cause irritation[MSDSonline] See CARBAMATE INSECTICIDES.
반응성 그룹Carbamates
Reactivity ProfilePROMECARB is a carbamate ester. Carbamates are chemically similar to, but more reactive than amides. Like amides they form polymers such as polyurethane resins. Carbamates are incompatible with strong acids and bases, and especially incompatible with strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is produced by the combination of active metals or nitrides with carbamates. Strongly oxidizing acids, peroxides, and hydroperoxides are incompatible with carbamates.

용도

용도

Promecarb is a carbamate pesticide.

일반 설명

Almost odorless, colorless crystalline solid. Used as a non-systemic contact insecticide. Not for sale or use in the USA.

DOT Hazard ClassificationPromecarbMarine pollutant
Air and Water ReactionsNo rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.
Hazard Classes and CategoriesAcute Tox. 3 (97.6%)Acute toxicity - category 3Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 2Acute Tox. 3 *
Shipment Methods and RegulationsNo person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.
소화(Non-Specific -- Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Stay upwindkeep out of low areas. Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposaldo not scatter the material. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.
응급 처치Note: Promecarb is a cholinesterase inhibitor.
노출 관리 및 개인 보호Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Acetylcholinesterase activity in red blood cells = 70% of individual's baselineButylcholinesterase activity in serum or plasma = 60% of individual's baselineSample at end of shift[TLVs and BEIs]
비화재 누출 대응(Non-Specific -- Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people awayisolate hazard areas and deny entry. Stay upwind and keep out of low areas. Do not touch spilled material or breathe the dusts, vapors, or fumes from burning materials. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material that may have contacted the body with soap and water. Take up small spills with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place in containers for later disposal.
처리 방법Hydrolysis: Promecarb should be treated with alkali and then buried. Recommendable methods: Incineration & landfill.
Preventive MeasuresCarefully wash with soap & water any parts or the skin contracted with promecarb.
Isolation and EvacuationExcerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)0.11 [mg/m3]1.2 [mg/m3]7.1 [mg/m3]
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)Wear protective clothing when working with undiluted preparation.
TreatmentIf the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of '-oximes' has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally.
건강 영향Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Chronically high (>10 years) exposure leads to neuropsychological consequences including disturbances in perception and visuo-motor processing (A15321).
생태독성 수치LC50 Trout 0.3 mg/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/LC50 Carp 4.3 mg/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/LD50 Duck oral 3.5 mg/kg
환경 거동TERRESTRIAL FATE: The N-methylcarbamate pesticides (of which promecarb is a member) are generally biodegradable and of low soil persistence(1). Chemical degradation of promecarb in moist soil is expected to proceed via hydrolysis. The aqueous hydrolysis half-life has been estimated to be 1.2 days at 25 °C and pH 7the hydrolysis rate is expected to increase under alkaline conditions, but decrease with acidity in soil. Promecarb is expected to have low to moderate soil mobility which suggests that some leaching may be possible. Leaching in neutral and alkaline soils may not be significant, however, due to concurrent hydrolysis(SRC).AQUATIC FATE: Hydrolysis appears to be an important degradation process for promecarb in water. The aqueous hydrolysis half-life has been estimated to be 1.2 days at 25 °C and pH 7(1)the hydrolysis rate is expected to increase under alkaline conditions, but may decrease significantly in acidic in natural waters.ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based upon a vapor pressure of 0.00003 mm Hg at 25 °C(1), promecarb can be expected to exist in both the gas phase and particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere(2,SRC). Gas phase promecarb is expected to degrade rapidly in air by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicalsthe half-life for this reaction in an average atmosphere has been estimated to be about 5 hr. Particulate phase promecarb may be physically removed from air via wet and dry deposition(SRC).
식품 조사 수치Analysis by the US Food and Drug Administration of 7,893 samples of domestic and imported fruits and 165 ready to eat fruit composites of the Total Diet Study for fiscal years 1970-1976 found promecarb in only one large fruit sample(1).
유해 작용Other Poison - Carbamate
노출 경로Inhalation (L793)oral (L793)dermal (L793)
독성 요약Promecarb is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Carbamates form unstable complexes with chlolinesterases by carbamoylation of the active sites of the enzymes. This inhibition is reversible. A cholinesterase inhibitor suppresses the action of acetylcholine esterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholine esterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop.
Signs and SymptomsAs with organophosphates, the signs and symptoms are based on excessive cholinergic stimulation. Unlike organophosphate poisoning, carbamate poisonings tend to be of shorter duration because the inhibition of nervous tissue acetylcholinesterase is reversible, and carbamates are more rapidly metabolized. Muscle weakness, dizziness, sweating and slight body discomfort are commonly reported early symptoms. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Contraction of the pupils with blurred vision, incoordination, muscle twitching and slurred speech have been reported. (L795)
Soil Adsorption/MobilityUtilizing soil thin-layer chromatography, the Rf value of promecarb in Hagerstown silty clay loam soil was measured to be 0.34 which is suggestive of low to moderate soil mobility(1). Based upon a water solubility of 91 ppm at 25 °C(2) and a measured log Kow of 3.10(3), the Koc value for promecarb can be estimated to range from 365 to 1240 from various regression-derived equations(4,SRC). These estimated Koc values also indicate low to medium soil mobility(5).
Human Toxicity ExcerptsSymptomatology: 1. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea & excessive salivation ... sweating. 2. Lassitude & weakness. 3. Rhinorrhea and sensation of tightness in chest may occur with inhalation exposure. 4. Blurring or dimness of vision. Miosis ... tearing, ciliary muscle spasm, loss of accommodation and ocular pain. None of these ... signs ... is dependable for diagnosis. Mydriasis may be seen ... . 5. Loss of muscle coordination, slurring of speech, fasciculation & twitching of muscles. 6. Difficulty in breathing, excessive secretions of saliva and of resp tract mucus, oronasal frothing, cyanosis, pulmonary rales & rhonchi, and hypertension. 7. ... Jerky movements, incontinence, convulsions and coma. 8. Death ... due to resp arrest of central origin, paralysis of resp muscles, intense bronchoconstriction or all three. /Carbaryl/... MOST OF AROMATIC CARBAMATE ESTER INSECTICIDES HAVE LOW DERMAL TOXICITIES. /CARBAMATES/Promecarb was tried on a village scale at the WHO Insecticide Testing Unit in Nigeria, in 1965. Its residual action against adult mosquitos was found very effective. Three spraymen spent 3 days spraying empty houses and then 3 more days spraying an inhabited village. They were under constant medical supervision. There were no complaints, and clinical examination failed to reveal any signs. All the 90 inhabitants of the sprayed village were examined clinically at least once within the fortnight after spraying. The only findings were discrete skin eruptions in two young men. These eruptions, of an obvious contact dermatitis type, caused moderate itching that was relieved by calamine lotionthey disappeared completely in 5 to 6 days. ... The plasma cholinesterase levels were studied among the spraymen and residents by the electrometric, spectrophotometric, and Acholest methodsa significant depression of activity was demonstrated by all three. The plasma cholinesterase activity of the three spraymen was measured daily. All showed depressions from the first day onward. During 3 days of consecutive spraying, the level of activity went steadily down in two of the three spraymen. On the last day of the operation, the plasma cholinesterase activity of one sprayman was about 40.% of its original level when measured by the spectrophotometric and Acholest methods. Three to four days after the end of exposure, plasma cholinesterase activity among the spraymen had not quite returned to the level measured before exposure, but it was normal in 5 days. Among the residents, there was a decrease of plasma cholinesterase activity to about 50% of the prespraying level a week after the end of the spraying operations One month later, there was a general rise, but the plasma cholinesterase levels were still far below the original values.When tested for malaria control, promecarb caused cholinesterase inhibition amoung both sprayers and villagers but no signs or symptoms in either except for contact dermatitis in two male villagers.
Artificial Pollution SourcesPromecarb is used as a non-systemic contact insecticide against lepidopterous pests and leaf miners of fruits(1). Insecticidal applications of promecarb release the compound directly into the environment(SRC).
수질 위해 등급(WGK)3
RTECS 번호FB8050000
운송 번호(UN)2757
독성LD50 in mice, rats (mg/kg): 39.5, 60 orally (Miyao)
위험 문구(R)25-50/53
위험 표시T,N
안전 문구(S)24-37-45-60-61
포장분류II
위험 등급6.1(a)Acute Tox. 2 OralAcute Tox. 3 DermalAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1
기존화학 물질KE-05-1086
저장 분류6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2very toxic hazardous materials
유해 물질 데이터2631-37-0(Hazardous Substances Data)
함량 및 규제정보물질구분: 유독물질혼합물(제품)함량정보: 프로메캅 및 이를 1% 이상 함유한 혼합물
유해화학물질 필터링97-1-361