Aluminum Calcium Sodium Silicate

Stop flow of liquid before extinguishing fire. Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. DO NOT use water as straight stream directly on spilled material. Water fog can be used to control fire. DO NOT use halogenated extinguishing agents on spilled material. Violent reaction may result. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. /Aluminum Alkyls/

Extremely reactive with air, moisture and compounds containing active hydrogen and therefore must be kept under a blanket of inert gas. /Aluminum alkyls/

In general, materials ... toxic as stored or which can decompose into toxic components ... Should be stored in cool ... ventilated place, out of ... sun, away from ... fire hazard ... be periodically inspected and monitored. Incompatible materials should be isolated ...

All possibility of contact with water must be avoided. Solution containing not more than 20% of these compounds in non-reactive solvents, however, can be handled without risk of spontaneous ignition. /Aluminum alkyls/

Must be stored in an inert atmosphere; sensitive to oxidation and hydrolysis in air. /Trialkylaluminums/

Separate from air, water, halocarbons, alcohols. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquid storage warehouse, room, or cabinet. /Aluminum alkyls/

Aluminum compounds are treated under anhydrous conditions to prevent violent reactions, recover solvent, and form Al compounds suitable for landfill by reaction with anhydrous hydrolysis agent, eg calcium hydroxide. /Aluminum compounds/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 mg/cu m (respirable fraction). /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

7.9 [mg/m3]

87 [mg/m3]

520 [mg/m3]

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al/

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

Protective clothing and a high standard of training in the necessary precautionary measures are essential for the handling of the materials. /Aluminum alkyls/

EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

Adding 0.5% hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to diets formulated with aflatoxin contaminated corn reduced the detrimental effects of the mycotoxin on live weight gains and feed intake. Hepatocellular changes normally associated with aflatoxin consumption could not be detected histopathologically in liver sections from pigs fed contaminated diets plus the aluminosilicate sorbent.

Previous research has demonstrated that hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS, or NovaSilÑ) tightly binds and immobilizes aflatoxins in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. This action markedly reduces the bioavailability and toxicity of these food and feedborne poisons. Since AfB1 is a potent developmental toxin in rats, /the/ objectives in this study were to evaluate the ability of HSCAS and a common zeolite (clinoptilolite) to protect the developing fetus. Aluminosilicates, HSCAS 1, HSCAS 2, and cliniptilolite, were added to the diet at a level of 0.5% (w/w) and administered to Sprague-Dawley rats throughout pregnancy. Test animals were dosed orally with AfB1 at 2 mg/kg bw dissolved in corn oil during gestation days 6-13, and dams and /fetuses/ were evaluated for various maternal, developmental and histological parameters on day 20. Clays, by themselves, were not toxic; AfB1 alone resulted in 75% maternal mortality, 98% embryonic resorptions and typical liver and kidney lesions. Animals treated with HSCAS 1 and HSCAS 2 (plus AfB1) were comparable to controls. /Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate/

Aluminum targets the nervous system and causes decreased nervous system performance and is associated with altered function of the blood-brain barrier. The accumulation of aluminum in the body may cause bone or brain diseases. High levels of aluminum have been linked to Alzheimer's disease. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740)

The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety concluded that the following 24 silicate ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-irritating, with the exception that the available data are insufficient to make a determination of safety for the use of naturally-sourced (i.e., mined) silicate ingredients in products that may be incidentally inhaled: Aluminum Calcium Sodium Silicate

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

The main target organs of aluminum are the central nervous system and bone. Aluminum binds with dietary phosphorus and impairs gastrointestinal absorption of phosphorus. The decreased phosphate body burden results in osteomalacia (softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralization) and rickets. Aluminum's neurotoxicity is believed to involve several mechanisms. Changes in cytoskeletal protein functions as a results of altered phosphorylation, proteolysis, transport, and synthesis are believed to be one cause. Aluminum may induce neurobehavioral effects by affecting permeability of the blood-brain barrier, cholinergic activity, signal transduction pathways, lipid peroxidation, and impair neuronal glutamate nitric oxide-cyclic GMP pathway, as well as interfere with metabolism of essential trace elements because of similar coordination chemistries and consequent competitive interactions. It has been suggested that aluminum's interaction with estrogen receptors increases the expression of estrogen-related genes and thereby contributes to the progression of breast cancer (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link between aluminum and increased risk of breast cancer (A15468). Certain aluminum salts induce immune responses by activating inflammasomes. (L739, A235, A236)

Inhalating aluminum dust causes coughing and abnormal chest X-rays. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740)

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ ...In one study, individual particles from the lungs of 75 randomly selected autopsy cases were analyzed using an automated scanning electron microscopy /energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis system. An average of 613 million particles, of exogenous origin, per gram of dry lung tissue were found, the major classes of particles being silica, talc, aluminum silicates, and rutile. In the second study, lungs from 50 randomly selected autopsy cases were analyzed using gravimetric and X-ray diffraction analysis. The median total particulate material was 0.33 g, for cases in which samples were prepared by high temperature ashing, and 0.41 grams, for those in which nitric acid digestion was used. The median amount of quartz for all cases, was 0.044 g. Samples of eighteen of the 75 lungs previously analyzed by automated scanning electron microscopy were also analyzed using gravimetric and X-ray diffraction analysis. ... /Aluminum Silicates/

Not listed by IARC. IARC classified aluminum production as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), but did not implicate aluminum itself as a human carcinogen. (L135) A link between use of aluminum-containing antiperspirants and increased risk of breast cancer has been proposed (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link (A15468).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Rabbits (2-3 kg each, sex not given, 1/treatment group), fasted for 24 hr, were administered powdered, crystalline, or pelletized sodium aluminosilicate (32, 16, 5, and 1 g/kg) in semi/solid agar or in 1 gm gelatin capsules by gastric intubation. Sodium aluminosilicate caused slight blanching and moderate edema of the inner stomach wall without remarkable micropathology when examined either 1 or 2 hours following ingestion. /Sodium aluminosilicate/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Sodium aluminosilicate, used as a desiccant, was tested in a 30 day feeding study in dogs to assess the toxic effects of accidental ingestion. Six dogs (3 of each sex) were dosed with sodium aluminosilicate at 1, 3, and 10% in the diet; controls were a non-treated group and an equi-ion group fed 10% of a non-nutritive high salt material. Dogs fed the highest dose exhibited changes similar to those for the equi-ion control; the degree of change decreased with the level of the diet. The differences noted were primarily increased water consumption, urinary volume, and pH, as well as a related decrease in urine specific gravity. Body weights were also depressed. Dogs fed the highest dose of sodium aluminosilicate exhibited some changes that were greater than the comparable equi-ion control or non-treated control animals. These primarily were: decreased kidney weight of the females, increased white blood cell count and blood urea nitrogen of both sexes, increased monocytes and decreased eosinophils of both sexes (high and intermediate dose groups affected), decreased body weight change for both sexes. Dogs fed the lowest sodium aluminosilicate diet showed minor changes; therefore, the testing facility considered that 0.5% would be without deleterious effect. /Sodium aluminosilicate/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Sodium aluminosilicate, used as a desiccant, was tested in a 30 day feeding study to assess the toxic effects of accidental ingestion. Twenty rats (10 of each sex) were dosed with sodium aluminosilicate at 1, 3, and 10% in the diet; controls were a non-treated group and a group fed 10% of a non-nutritive high salt material. The treated groups did not differ from the group fed the non-nutritive high salt diet; these groups differed from the non-treated group in the same manner indicating changes were a result of lack of nutritive value of the diet. Primarily these differences were increased water consumption, urinary volume, and pH, as well as a related decrease in urine specific gravity, and decreased body weight. In a few rats (males and females) fed high and intermediate doses of sodium aluminosilicate, interstitial nephritis and slight urinary bladder changes (transitional epithelial hyperplasia and grossly yellow pustules) were observed while changes in the low dose group were minor. /Sodium aluminosilicate/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ ...Phosphorus-deficient corn-soybean meal diets containing 0.36% (0.134% available) P and 1% Ca were fortified with 0, 0.05 and 0.10% P provided as /potassium phosphate/ (KH2PO4) (22.8% P) or feed-grade dicalcium phosphate (18.9% P). Diets were available ad libitum to chicks receiving 0, 0.50 or 1.0% /hydrated sodium calcium aluminum silicates/ (HSCAS) during the period 8-22 days posthatching. Weight of tibia ash, percentage of tibia ash and bone-breaking force were regressed on supplemental P intake to assess P utilization in the absence or presence of HSCAS. Tibia parameters (ash weight, percentage of ash and bone-breaking force) responded linearly (P<0.01) to P supplementation. Regardless of P source (KH2PO4 or dicalcium phosphate), 0.5% or 1.0% HSCAS had no effect (P>0.1) on P utilization. With no supplemental P, tibia parameters also were not affected (P>0.05) by HSCAS. Phosphorus utilization from dicalcium phosphate was estimated to be 87% as efficient as that observed for KH2PO4. /Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate/

Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate used as an anticaking agent in food for human consumption is generally recognized as safe when used at a level not exceeding 2% in accordance with good manufacturing practice.

Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate used as an anticaking agent in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used at a level not exceeding 2% in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

(AZ) ARIZONA 73 ug/l /Aluminum/

(CA) CALIFORNIA 200 ug/l /Aluminum/

(ME) MAINE 1430 ug/l /Aluminum/