아미노(NH2)좁은기공매체-정상상

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

18 [mg/m3]

190 [mg/m3]

1200 [mg/m3]

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tromethamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, tromethamine has a pKa of 8.07(3) and should exist partially as a cation under environmental conditions (pH 5-9)(SRC). As a result, tromethamine may have greater adsorption and less mobility than its estimated Koc value indicates since cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than neutral species(4). Volatilization of tromethamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) since cations do not volatilize and the estimated Henry's Law constant for the neutral species is 8.7X10-13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(5). Tromethamine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.2X10-5 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tromethamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). However, tromethamine has a pKa of 8.07(3) and should exist partially as a cation under environmental conditions (pH 5-9)(SRC). As a result, tromethamine may have greater adsorption to suspended solids and sediment than its estimated Koc value indicates(SRC). Volatilization from water is not expected(4) since cations do not volatilize and the estimated Henry's Law constant for the neutral species (free base) of tromethamine is 8.7X10-13 atm cu m/mol(SRC), calculated using a fragment constant estimation method(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -1.56(7) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tromethamine, which has a an estimated vapor pressure of 2.2X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tromethamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase tromethamine is removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Tromethamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of tromethamine can be estimated to be 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tromethamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of tromethamine is 8.07(3), indicating that this compound will partially exist as a cation in the environment. As a result, the mobility of tromethamine may be overestimated since cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than neutral species(4).

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ In studies of tromethamine administration in healthy individuals, the ventilatory rate remained constant, but a reduced tidal volume produced a decrease in minute ventilation and in carbon dioxide output; arterial oxygen saturation decreased by an average of about 5%.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Too rapid administration and/or excessive amounts of tromethamine may cause alkalosis, hypoglycemia, overhydration or solute overload.

Tris(chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP)

Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans

Volume 141

In prep.

2026

Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)

Tromethamine

Ambiguous-DILI-concern

6

Adverse reactions

DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for tromethamine (SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -1.56(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Tromethamine is a weak base with pKa of 8.07(1). This estimated pKa indicates tromethamine will partially exist in the protonated form in the environment. Volatilization from moist soil and water is not expected since cations do not volatilize and the estimated Henry's Law constant for the neutral species (free base) of tromethamine is 8.7X10-13 atm cu m/mol(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(2). Tromethamine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.2X10-5 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Even after neutralization, large oral doses in lab animals cause weakness, collapse, & coma (without convulsions). Injections of high doses in animals produce hypoglycemia, but concurrent administration of glucose does not prevent death.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tromethamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 11 hours(SRC) at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Tromethamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(2). Tromethamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to undergo direct photolysis by sunlight(2).

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl tromethamine, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

CIR ingredient: Tromethamine

Used in chemical manufacturing (surface-active agents, vulcanization accelerators, and pharmaceuticals), as an emulsifying agent (cosmetics, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, leather dressings, textile specialties, polishes, cleaning compounds, and soluble oils), and as an absorbent for acidic gases, biological buffer, acidimetric standard, and therapeutic alkalinizing agent; [Merck Index] Used in buffer systems for the freezer storage of sperm; [REPROTOX] Used in to regulate pH in the transport of live aquatic species, cell culture media, and anti-inflammatory drugs; [EPA ChAMP: Submission]

Leather Tanning and Processing [Category: Industry]

In the synthesis of surface-active agents, vulcanization accelerators, pharmaceuticals. As emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, leather dressings, textile specialties, polishes, cleaning compounds, so-called soluble oils. Absorbent for acidic gases. Biological buffer.

Therapeutic Category: Alkalinizing agent

MEDICATION

2023: 10,000,000 - <50,000,000 lb

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#4578]

1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

... Prepared by reduction of tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane.

May be prepared by reducation or catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding nitro compd. ... Preparation by by electrolytic reduction: McMillan, US patent 2485982 (1949 to Comm Solvents Corp)

Tromethamine formulations: Parenteral injection 36 mg/mL (18 g) Tham, Hospira.

TROMETHAMINE, NF (THAM), IS AVAIL AS 0.3 MOLAR SOLN ADJUSTED TO PH 8.6 WITH ACETIC ACID. IT IS ALSO SUPPLIED AS POWDER (THAM-E) TO BE DISSOLVED IN 1 L OF STERILE WATER. EACH L CONTAINS 300 MMOLES (36 G) OF TROMETHAMINE, 30 MMOLES OF SODIUM CHLORIDE, & 5 MMOLES OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE.

Fragrance Ingredients

Cosmetics -> Buffering

Pharmaceuticals -> Animal Drugs -> Approved in Taiwan

Wholesale and Retail Trade

1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-: ACTIVE