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Potassium Bitartrate, or tartar, is a salt produced from the crystalsfound on the sides of wine casks. When purified it is known as cream oftartar. It is acid, and is slightly soluble in water.It is used in baking powder, for medicine, and as an acid and buffer in foods.

개요L (+)-Potassium hydrogen tartrate (also known as potassium bitartrate) is the potassiumacid salt of tartaric acid (a carboxylic acid). It is the byproduct during the winemaking process. It can be used in baking or as a cleaning solution. When mixed with an acidic liquid such as lemon juice or white vinegar, it can be made of a paste-like cleaning agent for metals or some other cleaning applications. It can also be used as a pH buffer component in chemistry. It has been recently shown that it is capable of treating breast cancer. Approved by the FDA as a direct food substance, potassium bitartrate is used as an additive, stabilizer, pH control agent, antimicrobial agent, processing aid, or thickener in various food products. Potassium bitartrate has a long history of medical use as a laxative administered as a rectal suppository and is an approved third-class OTC drug in Japan. Potassium bitartrate was one of active ingredients in Phexxi, a non-hormonal contraceptive agent that was approved by the FDA on May 2020.

출처Potassium bitartrate crystallizes in wine casks during the fermentation of grape juice, and can precipitate out of wine in bottles.The crystals (wine diamonds) will often form on the underside of a cork in wine-filled bottles that have been stored at temperatures below 10°C , and will seldom, if ever, dissolve naturally into the wine. These crystals also precipitate out of fresh grape juice that has been chilled or allowed to stand for some time. To prevent crystals forming in homemade grape jam or jelly, fresh grape juice should be chilled overnight to promote crystallisation. The potassium bitartrate crystals are removed by filtering through two layers of cheesecloth. The filtered juice may then be made into jam or jelly. In some cases they adhere to the side of the chilled container, making filtering unnecessary. The crude form (known as beeswing) is collected and purified to produce the white, odorless, acidic powder used for many culinary and other household purposes.

용도Largely in baking powders; coloring metals, galvanic tinning of metals; reducer of CrO3 in mordants for wool.

일반 설명Potassium L-tartrate is found naturally in grapes. Its removal is necessary during wine making as it can precipitate, which is undesirable.

potassium bitartrate is mainly produced from the mother liquor of Seignette's salt. These decolorized, purified, and filtered solutions are acidified to pH 3.5 with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. Since cream of tartar is sparingly soluble, it precipitates and is recovered by centrifugation, dried, and ground before being packaged as fine powder.

순도시험(1) 용상 : 이 품목 0.5g을 암모니아시액 3mL에 녹일 때, 그 액은 무색이며, 탁도는 거의 징명 이하이어야 한다. (2) 비선광도 : 이 품목을 105℃에서 3시간 건조한 다음 약 5g을 정밀히 달아 암모니아시액 10mL 및 물에 녹여 50mL로 하여 이 액의 선광도를 측정할 때, ＝+32.5～+35.5°이어야 한다. (3) 황산염 : 이 품목 0.5g을 묽은염산 2mL 및 물 30mL의 따뜻한 혼액에 녹여 식힌 다음 이를 시험용액으로 하여 황산염시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 0.01N 황산 2mL에 대응하는 양 이하이어야 한다. (4) 암모늄염 : 이 품목 0.5g에 수산화나트륨시액 5mL를 가하여 가열할 때, 암모니아냄새가 발생하여서는 아니 된다. (5) 비소 : 이 품목을 비소시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 4.0ppm 이하이어야 한다. (6) 납 : 이 품목 5.0g을 취하여 원자흡광광도법 또는 유도결합플라즈마발광광도법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 2.0ppm 이하이어야 한다. (7) 불용성물질 : 이 품목 0.5g을 6N 암모니아수 3mL에 넣고 녹일 때, 불용물이 남아서는 아니 된다.

확인시험(1) 이 품목 1g을 암모니아시액 10mL에 녹인 액은 우선성이다. (2) 이 품목 0.5g을 천천히 가열하여 분해하면 자당을 태울 때와 같은 냄새를 내며 탄화한다. 이 잔류물에 물 5mL를 가하여 잘 저어 섞은 액은 알칼리성이다. 이에 묽은염산을 가하여 중화한 다음 여과한 액은 확인시험법 중 칼륨염의 반응을 나타낸다. (3) 이 품목은 확인시험법 중 주석산염의 반응을 나타낸다.

정량법이 품목을 건조한 다음 약 0.4g을 정밀히 달아 열탕 20mL에 녹여 뜨거울 때 0.1N 수산화나트륨용액으로 적정한다(지시약 : 페놀프탈레인시액 2～3방울).0.1N 수산화나트륨용액 1mL ＝ 18.82mg C4H5O6K