아질산 나트륨
입방칠레초석 · 나트륨칠레초석 · 나트륨(+1)질산 · 나트륨(I)질산 · 니트라틴 · 아질산나트륨 · 칠레초석 · 소듐나이트라이트
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 7632-00-0 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | NaNO2 |
| 평균 분자량 | 69 g/mol |
| SMILES | O=NO.[Na] |
| PubChem CID | 24188564 |
| 현지명 | 아질산 나트륨 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| 녹는점 | 271 °C (lit.) |
|---|---|
| 끓는 점 | 320 °C |
| 밀도 | 2.17g/cm3 |
| 증기압 | <0.0001 hPa ( 25 °C) |
| 굴절률 | 1.65 |
| 저장 조건 | 2-8°C |
| 용해도 | 수성 산: ml당 1 - 2l 아세트산 H2용해성 |
| 물리적 상태 | 가루 |
| 색상 | 흰색 또는 무색 |
| 비중 | 2.168 |
| 냄새 | 냄새 없는 |
| pH | 9 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| 용해도 | 820g/L(20℃) |
| Merck | 14,8648 |
| 안정성 | 안정적인. 환원제, 강산화제, 유기물 및 기타 가연성 물질, 미세 분말 금속과 호환되지 않습니다. 가연성 물질과 접촉하면 화재가 발생할 수 있습니다. 흡습성. |
| 화장품 원료 기능 | 부식 방지 |
| InChI | 1S/HNO2.Na/c2-1-3/h(H,2,3)/q+1/p-1 |
| InChIKey | LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| SMILES | [Na+].[O-]N=O |
| EPA | Sodium nitrite (7632-00-0) |
화학적 성질
Sodium nitrite, NaN02, is a fire-hazardous, air-sensitive, yellowish white powder that is soluble in water and decomposes at temperatures above 320°C (608 °F). Sodium nitrite is used as an intermediate for dye stuffs and for pickling of meat, in dyeing of textiles, in rustproofing, in medicine, and as a reagent in organic chemistry.
안전 및 규제
| 수질 위해 등급(WGK) | 3 |
|---|---|
| TSCA 등재 상태 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 번호 | RA1225000 |
| 운송 번호(UN) | UN 1500 |
| 독성 | LD50 orally in rats: 180 mg/kg (Smyth) |
| 관세 코드 | 28341000 |
| 위험 문구(R) | 8-25-50-22-36/38 |
| 위험 표시 | O,T,N,Xn |
| 안전 문구(S) | 45-61-36-26 |
| 포장분류 | III |
| 위험 등급 | 5.1Acute Tox. 3 OralAquatic Acute 1Eye Irrit. 2Ox. Sol. 3 |
| 기존화학 물질 | KE-31546 |
| F 고인화성물질 | 10 |
| 자연 발화 온도 | 914 °F |
| 저장 분류 | 5.1B - Oxidizing hazardous materials |
| 유해 물질 데이터 | 7632-00-0(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| 함량 및 규제정보 | 물질구분: 유독물질혼합물(제품)함량정보: 아질산 염류 및 이를 25% 이상 함유한 혼합물 |
| 유해화학물질 필터링 | 97-1-167 |
용도
용도
천연 질산나트륨은 주로 비료로 쓰이며, 합성 질산나트륨은 유리의 소포제, 열처리제, 화약의 제조, 녹는점 강하제, 식품의 발색제, 의약품의 합성 등으로 쓰임. 아질산나트륨, 질산칼륨(KNO3)과 함께 소시지, 햄 등의 육류 가공품의 발색제로 사용 됨.
개요
Sodium nitrite is similar in name and use to sodium nitrate. Both are preservatives used in processed meats, such as salami, hot dogs, and bacon. Sodium nitrite has been synthesized by several chemical reactions that involve the reduction of sodium nitrate. Industrial production of sodium nitrite is primarily by the absorption of nitrogen oxides into aqueous sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. Over the years, sodium nitrite has raised some concerns about its safety in foods, but it remains in use and there are indications that it may actually be healthy. Sodium nitrite was developed during the 1960s. In 1977, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) considered banning it but the USDA’s final ruling on the additive came out in 1984, allowing its use. Studies in the 1990s indicated some adverse effects of sodium nitrite, for instance the potential to cause childhood leukemia and brain cancers. In the late 1990s, the National Toxicity Program (NTP) began a review of sodium nitrite and proposed listing sodium nitrite as a developmental and reproductive toxicant, but a report in 2000 by NTP proposed that sodium nitrite is not a toxic substance and removed it from the list of developmental and reproductive toxicants. It is now believed that it can help with organ transplants and leg vascular problems, while preventing heart attacks and sickle cell disease.
용도
Sodium nitrite is used to fix the colors in preserved fish and meats. It is also important(along with sodium chloride) in controlling the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which causes botulism. Lunch meats, hams, sausages, hot dogs, and bacon are usually preserved this way.In medicines, it is a vasodilator, intestinal relaxant, bronchodilator, and an antidote to cyanide and hydrogen sulfide poisoning.Sodium nitrite is produced in the human body by the action of saliva on sodium nitrate, and is important in controlling bacteria in the stomach, to prevent gastroenteritis. The body produces more sodium nitrite than is consumed in food.Sodium nitrite can react with proteins in the stomach or during cooking, especially in high heat (such as frying bacon), to form carcinogenic N-nitrosamines.To prevent this, ascorbic acid or erythorbic acid is commonly added to cured meats.manufacture of diazo dyes, nitroso Compounds, and in many other processes of manufacture of organic chemicals; dyeing and printing textile fabrics; bleaching flax, silk, and linen.
제조 및 합성 방법
생산 방법
Sodium nitrite, yellowish-white solid, soluble, formed (1) by reaction of nitric oxide plus nitrogen dioxide and sodium carbonate or hydroxide, and then evaporating, (2) by heating sodium nitrate and lead to a high temperature, and then extracting the soluble portion (lead monoxide insoluble) with H2O and evaporating. Used as an important reagent (diazotizing) in organic chemistry.