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HCID 24549생성일: 2026년 11월 4일

납(II) 플루오린화물

납(II)플루오린화물 · 플루오린화납(플루오르화납) · 플루오르화납 · 납(II)플루오르화물 · 디플루오르화납 · 납 플루오린화물 · 납(II)불화물 · PbF2

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/24549

납(II) 플루오린화물 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.7783-46-2
분자식F2Pb
평균 분자량245 g/mol
단동위원소 질량245.97346 g/mol
SMILES[F][Pb][F]
InChIKeyFPHIOHCCQGUGKU-UHFFFAOYSA-L
PubChem CID24549
EC No.231-998-8
현지명납(II) 플루오린화물

화학 및 물리적 성질

극성 표면적0
수소 결합 공여자 수0
수소 결합 수용자 수2
회전 가능 결합 수0
무거운 원자 수3
형식 전하0
복잡도2.8
물질 분류Metals -> Lead Compounds, InorganicCarcinogens
SpringerMaterials Propertiesphonon wavenumber
냄새Odorless
밀도8.24 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink8.445 (orthorhombic)7.750 (cubic)8.44 @25 °C8.445 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Color/FormWhite to colorless crystalsRhombic, orthorhombic
용해도Dimorphous: orthorhombic, converted to cubic above 316 °CSolubility increases in the presence of nitric acid or nitratesSol in nitric acid, insol in acetone, ammoniaIn water: 0.057 g/100 mL at 0 °C0.065 g/100 mL at 20 °C
끓는 점1293 °C1290 °C @760 [mm Hg]
DecompositionWhen heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /lead and hydrogen fluoride/.
녹는점830 °C824 °C(lit.)
증기압10 [mm Hg] @904 °C
Physical DescriptionLead fluoride is an odorless white solid. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)White to colorless crystals[HSDB]
Other Experimental PropertiesLead is derived from the decay of radon. /Inorganic lead/Natural lead is a mixture of four stable isotopes: Pb-204 (1.4%), Pb-206 (25.2%), Pb-207 (21.7%) and Pb-208 (51.7%). Lead isotopes are the end-products of each of the three series of naturally occurring radioactive elements: Pb-206 for the uranium series, Pb-207 for the actinium series and Pb-208 for the thorium series. Forty-three other isotopes of lead, all of which are radioactive, are recognized.Divalent lead has a strong affinity for inorganic ions containing oxygen (eg, carbonate) or sulfur (sulfide). Lead can also complex with electron rich ligands in many organic cmpd such as amino acids, proteins, and humic acid.
인화점1290°C
물리적 상태가루
색상흰색에서 황백색까지
비중8.445
용해도0.065g/100mL(20℃)
Merck14,5408
InChI1S/2FH.Pb/h2*1H/q+2/p-2
InChIKeyFPHIOHCCQGUGKU-UHFFFAOYSA-L
SMILESF[PbH2]F
NISTLead difluoride(7783-46-2)
EPALead(II) fluoride (7783-46-2)

화학적 성질

Lead fluoride is a white to colorless, odorless crystalline (rhombic, orthorhombic) solid

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류DangerH302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P304+P340, P317, P318, P319, P330, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 82 reports by companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H303: May be harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
규제 정보Chemical: Lead fluoride (PbF2)Restricted substance: Lead difluorideLead (II) fluoride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
기타 안전 정보IMAP assessments - Sparingly-soluble lead salts: Human health tier II assessment
운송 라벨(DOT)Poison
화재 위험Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
화재 가능성Not flammable
건강 유해성Not irritating to skin or mucuous membranesprotect against chronic poisoning. Early symptoms of lead intoxication via inhalation or ingestion are most commonly gastrointestinal disorders, colic, constipation, etc.weakness, which may go on to paralysis chiefly of the extensor muscles of the wrists and less often the ankles, is noticeable in the most serious cases. Ingestion of a large amount causes local irritation of the alimentary tractpain, leg cramps, muscle weakness, paresthesias, depression, coma, and death may follow in 1 or 2 days. Contact with eyes causes irritation. (USCG, 1999)
유해성 요약Not a skin or mucous membrane irritantToxic by ingestion or inhalation[CAMEO] See Lead and linked occupational diseases.
반응성 그룹Non-Redox-Active Inorganic Compounds
Special ReportsNational Toxicology Program. Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (2005). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Lead and Lead Compounds are listed as reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. /Lead and Lead Compounds/[Available from, as of July 31, 2009: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s101lead.pdf]

용도

용도

Lead(II) fluoride is used in fuses, glass coatings to reflect infrared rays and phosphors for television screens and in low melting glasses. Further, it serves as a catalyst for the preparation of picoline.

일반 설명

Odorless white solid. Sinks in water.

RCRA 요건D008A solid waste containing lead may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Lead/The Environmental Protection Agency is ... /promulgated/ regulations concerning ground-water monitoring with regard to screening suspected contamination at land based hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. ... /There are/ new requirements to analyze for a specified core list of chemicals plus those chemicals specified by the Regional Administrator on a site-specific basis. ... /Total lead (all species) is included on this list./ /Total lead (all species)/
Reactivity AlertsKnown Catalytic Activity
OSHA StandardsPermissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 2.5 mg/cu m. /Fluorides, as F/Permissible Exposure Limit: The employer shall assure that no employee is exposed to lead at concentrations greater than 50 ug/cu m of air averaged over an 8-hr period. If an employee is exposed to lead for more than 8 hr in any work day, the permissible exposure limit, as a TWA for that day, shall be reduced according to the following formula: Maximum permissible limit (in ug/cu m)=400 divided by the number of hours worked in the day. /Lead, inorganic, as Pb/The employer shall remove an employee from work having an exposure to lead at or above the action level on each occasion that a periodic and a follow-up blood sampling test conducted pursuant to this section indicate that the employee's blood lead level is at or above 60 ug/100 g of whole bloodand, the employer shall remove an employee from work having an exposure to lead at or above the action level on each occasion that the average of the last three blood sampling tests conducted pursuant to this section (or the average of all blood sampling tests conducted over the previous six (6) months, whichever is longer) indicates that the employee's blood lead level is at or above 50 ug/100 g of whole bloodprovided, however, that an employee need not be removed if the last blood sampling test indicates a blood lead level at or below 40 ug/100 g of whole blood. ... The employer shall return an employee to his or her former job status: ... when two consecutive blood sampling tests indicate that the employee's blood lead level is at or below 40 ug/100 g of whole blood. ... The employer shall provide to an employee up to eighteen (18) months of medical removal protection benefits on each occasion that an employee is removed from exposure to lead or otherwise limited pursuant to this section. /Lead, inorganic, as Pb/Permissible Exposure Limit: The employer shall assure that no employee is exposed to lead at concentrations greater than 50 ug/cu m of air averaged over an 8-hr period. If an employee is exposed to lead for more than 8 hr in any work day, the permissible exposure limit, as a TWA for that day, shall be reduced according to the following formula: Maximum permissible limit (in ug/cu m)=400 divided by the number of hours worked in the day. /Lead, inorganic, as PbShipyard Employment/For more OSHA Standards (Complete) data for LEAD FLUORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
소화Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
응급 처치Remove at once all cases of lead intoxication from further exposure until the blood level is reduced to a safe valueimmediately place the individual under medical care.
노출 관리 및 개인 보호Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Lead in blood = 200 ug/L (20 ug/100 ml)sampling time not criticalFluorides in urine = 2 mg/L prior to shift or 3 mg/L at end of shift(Repeated measurements recommended.)1.0 [mg/m3], as F, inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)]
소화 절차This chemical does not burn. Use any extinguishing agent suitable for surrounding fire ... If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. Containers may explode in fire. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position.
비화재 누출 대응Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
처리 방법Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D008, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste. /Lead/
Preventive MeasuresSRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner so that results in no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose of, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance procedures to confirm the efficacy of the cleaning procedures should be implemented prior to the decontaminated protective clothing being returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing (including shoes/socks) should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift, and prior to eating, drinking, smoking, etc. /Lead/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for LEAD FLUORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Isolation and EvacuationExcerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
Minimum Risk LevelChronic Inhalation: 0.05 mg/m3 (L134)
Threshold Limit Values (TLV)0.05 [mg/m3], as Pb (2.5 mg/m3, as F)8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.05 mg/cu m. /Lead, and inorganic compounds, as Pb/Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed three times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 min during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed five times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Lead, inorganic compounds, as Pb/A3Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans. /Lead, elemental, and inorganic compounds, as Pb/Biological Exposure Index (BEI): Determinant: lead in bloodSampling Time: not criticalBEI: 30 ug/100 mL. [Note: Women of child bearing potential, whose blood Pb exceeds 10 ug/dL, are at risk of delivering a child with a blood Pb over the current Centers for Disease Control guideline of 10 ug/dL. If the blood Pb of such children remains elevated, they may be at increased risk of cognitive deficits. The blood Pb of these children should be closely monitored and appropriate steps should be taken to minimize the child's exposure to environmental lead.] /Lead, and inorganic compounds, as Pb/
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)0.05 [mg/m3], as Pb see 29 CFR 1910.1025 (2.5 mg/m3, as F)
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)0.038 [mg/m3]140 [mg/m3]830 [mg/m3]
TreatmentLead poisoning is usually treated with chelation therapy using DMSA, EDTA, or dimercaprol. (L21)
건강 영향Lead is a neurotoxin and has been known to cause brain damage and reduced cognitive capacity, especially in children. Lead exposure can result in nephropathy, as well as blood disorders such as high blood pressure and anemia. Lead also exhibits reproductive toxicity and can results in miscarriages and reduced sperm production. (L21)
유해 작용Neurotoxin - Predominantly motor
노출 경로Oral (L136)inhalation (L136)dermal (L136)
독성 요약Lead mimics other biologically important metals, such as zinc, calcium, and iron, competing as cofactors for many of their respective enzymatic reactions. For example, lead has been shown to competitively inhibit calcium's binding of calmodulin, interferring with neurotransmitter release. It exhibits similar competitive inhibition at the NMDA receptor and protein kinase C, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Lead also affects the nervous system by impairing regulation of dopamine synthesis and blocking evoked release of acetylcholine. However, it's main mechanism of action occurs by inhibiting delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, an enzyme vital in the biosynthesis of heme, which is a necesssary cofactor of hemoglobin. (T4, A20, A22, L136)
Signs and SymptomsSymptions of chronic lead poisoning include reduced cognitive abilities, nausea, abdominal pain, irritability, insomnia, metal taste in the mouth, excess lethargy or hyperactivity, chest pain, headache and, in extreme cases, seizures, comas, and death. There are also associated gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, poor appetite, weight loss, which are common in acute poisoning. (A2, L21)
Human Toxicity Excerpts/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Contact can cause skin and eye irritation and burns. Inhalation can irritate the nose and throat. Lead fluoride can cause headache, irritability, mood changes, reduced memory, and disturbed sleep. The fluoride ion can cause protoplasmic poisoning at higher concn .../SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ While lead fluoride has not been identified as a teratogen or a reproductive hazard, lead and certain lead compounds have been determined to be teratogens and may also cause reproductive damage such as reduced fertility and interfere with menstrual cycles. Handle with extreme caution. Lead can accumulate in the body over a period of time. Therefore, long term exposures to lower levels can result in a build-up of lead in the body and more severe symptoms. These may include anemia, pale skin, a blue line at the gum margin, decreased handgrip strength, abdominal pain, severe constipation, nausea, vomiting, and paralysis of the wrist joint. Prolonged exposure may also result in kidney and brain damage. If the nervous system is affected, usually due to very high exposures, the resulting effects include severe headache, convulsions, coma, delirium, and death. In non-fatal cases, recovery is slow and not always complete. Alcohol ingestion and physical exertion may bring on symptoms. Lead exposure increases the risk of high blood pressure./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Not irritating to skin and mucous membrane. Solid irritating to skin and eyes./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ If inhaled /dust/ will cause dizziness or loss of consciousness. If swallowed /solid/ will cause nausea, vomiting or loss of consciousness.
Carcinogen Classification2A, probably carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
Evidence for CarcinogenicityLead, lead compounds: Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenA3Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans. /Lead, elemental, and inorganic compounds, as Pb/
Probable Routes of Human ExposureNIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 2348 workers (601 of these were female) were potentially exposed to lead fluoride in the US(1).
Antidote and Emergency TreatmentImmediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Lead and related compounds/Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Administer activated charcoal ... . /Lead and related compounds/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or is in severe respiratory distress. Moderate hyperventilation (20 respiration per minute) may be beneficial for increased intracranial pressure. Start IV administration of 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. For hypotension ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Lead and related compounds/Treatment. Emergency and supportive measures. Treat seizures and coma if they occur. Provide adequate fluids to maintain urine flow but avoid overhydration, which may aggravate cerebral edema. Avoid phenothiazines for delirium, as they may lower the seizure threshold. Patients with increased intracranial pressure may benefit from corticosteroids and mannitol. /Lead/For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for LEAD FLUORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Toxicity DataLD50: 3031 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T14)
대기 기준National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards for lead and its compounds, measured as elemental lead by a reference method based on appendix G to this part, or by an equivalent method, are: 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter, maximum arithmetic mean averaged over a calendar quarter. /Lead and its compounds, as Pb/Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Lead compounds are included on this list. /Lead compounds/
CERCLA 보고 수량Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV.D.3.b).
청정수법 요건Lead fluoride is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Lead and compounds/
State Drinking Water Standards(AZ) ARIZONA 50 ug/L /Lead/
주 식수 지침(AZ) ARIZONA 20 ug/L /Lead/(ME) MAINE 10 ug/L /Lead/
Federal Drinking Water StandardsEPA 15 ug/L (Action Level) /Lead/
수질 위해 등급(WGK)3
TSCA 등재 상태TSCA listed
RTECS 번호OG1225000
운송 번호(UN)UN 2291 6.1/PG 3
관세 코드28261990
위험 문구(R)61-20/22-33-50/53-62
위험 표시T,N
안전 문구(S)53-45-60-61
포장분류III
위험 등급6.1Acute Tox. 4 InhalationAcute Tox. 4 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1Repr. 1ASTOT RE 2
기존화학 물질KE-21903
위험 참고 사항Toxic
저장 분류6.1D - Non-combustible acute toxic Cat.3toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects
유해 물질 데이터7783-46-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
함량 및 규제정보물질구분: 유독물질혼합물(제품)함량정보: 사산화납(lead tetraoxide), 황산납(lead sulfate), 염기성탄산납(basic lead carbonate)을 제외한 납화합물(Lead compounds) 및 이를 25% 이상 함유한 혼합물. 다만, 초산납(lead acetate), 알킬화납(lead alkyls), 아지드화납(lead azide), 이초산납(lead di(acetate)), 메탄술폰산납(lead(Ⅲ) methansulfonate), 인산납(lead phosphate(3:2)), 스티핀산납(lead styphate)의 경우는 이를 0.5% 이상 함유한 혼합물
유해화학물질 필터링97-1-9
중점관리물질 필터링별표2-148
암, 돌연변이성물질 필터링67