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HCID 24610생성일: 2026년 10월 27일

Cobalt dibromide

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/24610

Cobalt dibromide 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.12789-07-0
분자식Br2Co
평균 분자량218.74 g/mol
SMILES[Br][Co][Br]
InChIKeyBZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L
PubChem CID24610
EC No.232-166-7

화학 및 물리적 성질

극성 표면적0
수소 결합 공여자 수0
수소 결합 수용자 수0
회전 가능 결합 수0
무거운 원자 수3
형식 전하0
복잡도2.8
물질 분류Metals -> Metals, Inorganic Compounds
pHAcidic salts (such as cobaltous bromide) ... resulting aqueous solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases.
SpringerMaterials Propertiesdielectric constant
밀도4.909 at 77 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink4.909 at 25 °C/4 °C4.91 @25 °C
Color/FormBright green solid or lustrous green crystalline leafletsGreen hexagonal crystalshygroscopic
용해도Mol Wt: 326.832water solubility: 113.2 g/100 g water at 20 °C /Cobalt(II) bromide hexahydrate/Readily soluble in water112 parts by wt (of formula wt)/100 parts of water by wt at 20 °C66.7 g/100 mL water at 59 °C68.1 g/100 cc water at 97 °C77.1 g/100 cc of ethanol at 20 °C58.6 g/100 cc of methanol at 30 °C126.754 lb/100 lb water at 70 °FReadily soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone and methyl acetate
인화점Not Applicable. Not flammable. (USCG, 1999)
끓는 점Loses 4 H2O at 212 °F. and all H2O at 266 °F. (USCG, 1999)
DecompositionWhen heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Br-Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions - Hydrogen bromide gas, cobalt/cobalt oxides
녹는점1252.4 °F For anhydrate117.5 °F for hexahydrate. (USCG, 1999)678 °C under HBr and molecular nitrogenRed to reddish-purple, deliquescent, prismatic crystalsmelting point: 47-48 °Cspecific gravity: 2.46 @ 25 °C/4 °Closes 4H2O at 100 °C giving the purple dihydrate, and loses all water by 130 °Csoluble in water giving red or blue solution depending on concentration and temperaturein methanol giving red solutionin ethanol, acetone, ether, methyl acetate giving blue solutions /Cobalt(II) bromide hexahydrate/
Physical DescriptionCobaltous bromide is a red violet crystalline solid. It is soluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. It is used as a catalyst in the production of other chemicals.Bright green solidHygroscopic[Merck Index] Green beads[MSDSonline]
Stability/Shelf LifeStable under recommended storage conditions.Hygroscopic, forms hexahydrate in air.

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류DangerH302+H312+H332 (33%): Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, dermalacute toxicity, inhalation]P203, P233, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P391, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 94 reports by companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
규제 정보Chemical: Cobalt bromide (CoBr2)Status: Active Update: 13-05-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/33375The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
기타 안전 정보IMAP assessments - Soluble cobalt (II) and salts: Human health tier II assessment
화재 위험Not flammable. POISONOUS FUMES ARE PRODUCED WHEN HEATED TO DECOMPOSITION. When heated to decomposition can give off highly toxic fumes of Br. (USCG, 1999)
건강 유해성SOLID: Irritating to skin and eyes. Harmful if swallowed. (USCG, 1999)
유해성 요약A skin and eye irritant[HSDB] An irritant[MSDSonline] See Cobalt.
반응성 그룹Salts, Acidic
Reactivity ProfileAcidic salts, such as COBALTOUS BROMIDE, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions. When heated to decomposition can give off highly toxic fumes of Br (USCG, 1999).
대기 기준Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Cobaltous bromide is included on this list.
Air and Water ReactionsWater soluble.
CERCLA 보고 수량Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1000 lb or 454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).
청정수법 요건Cobaltous bromide is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.
Hazard Classes and CategoriesAcute Tox. 4 (98.9%)Acute toxicity - category 4
응급 처치Call a doctor.
노출 관리 및 개인 보호Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Cobalt in urine = 15 ug/Lsample at end of shift at end of workweek
소화 절차Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
보관 조건Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
정리 방법ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.Liquid material spills can be copiously flushed with water and channeled to a treatment system or holding tank for reclamation or proper disposal. Spills of dry material can be removed by vacuuming or wet mopping. Some spills can be removed by hosing, first with a mist of water to dampen the spilled material and then with a more forceful stream that flushes it into a holding tank or other facility for handling contaminated water. Work surfaces or contaminated clothing should never be cleaned by dry sweeping or blowing with pressurized hoses. Recovery systems used to reclaim waste metals should comply with federal, state, and local regulations. All waste materials generated in the handling of cobalt-containing substances should be disposed of in compliance with federal, state, and local regulations. /Cobalt and cobalt salts/
처리 방법SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in air, soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubberContaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.
Preventive MeasuresACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. Normal measures for preventive fire protection.Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Cobaltous bromide (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Minimum Risk LevelChronic Inhalation: 0.0001 mg/m3 (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (L134)
Threshold Limit Values (TLV)0.02 [mg/m3], as Co8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.02 mg/cu m. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, as Co/Peak Exposure Recommendation: Transient increases in workers' exposure levels may exceed 3 times the value of the TLV-TWA level for no more than 15 minutes at a time, on no more than 4 occasions spaced 1 hour apart during a workday, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the value of the TLV-TWA level. In addition, the 8-hour TWA is not to be exceeded for an 8-hour work period. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, as Co/A3: Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, as Co/Biological Exposure Index (BEI): Determinant: cobalt in urineSampling Time: end of shift at end of workweekBEI: 15 ug/L. Notation: The determinant is nonspecific, since it is also observed after after exposure to other chemicals. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, including cobalt oxides but not combined with tungsten carbide/BEI: None. Notation: The determinant is nonspecific, since it is also observed after exposure to other chemicals. Biological monitoring should be considered for this compound based on the reviewhowever, a specific BEI could not be determined due to insufficient data. /Cobalt with tungsten carbide/
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)0.22 [mg/m3]13 [mg/m3]80 [mg/m3]
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Wear goggles, self-contained breathing apparatus and rubber overclothing (including gloves). (USCG, 1999)Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).Skin protection: Handle with gloves.Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
TreatmentEYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.
건강 영향Exposure to high amount of cobalt can cause heart, lung, kidney, and liver damage. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitus. Cobalt may also have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627, L29, L30)
생태독성 수치LC50Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow)Conditions: freshwater, static, 22 °CConcentration: 91.9 mg/L for 96 hr (95% confidence limit: 56.3-132.9 mg/L)
환경 거동ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Inorganic cobalt compounds are nonvolatile and released into the atmosphere in particulate form(1). Particulate-phase cobalt compounds are removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Cobalt has been detected in atmospheric deposition(2) and in rain-snow precipitation(3).
유해 작용IARC Carcinogen - Class 2: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as probable (2a), or possible (2b) human carcinogens.
노출 경로Inhalation (L29)oral (L29)dermal (L29)
독성 요약IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Cobaltous bromide occurs as a bright green solid or lustrous green crystalline leaflets. It is used chiefly in hygrometers, and also in catalysts for organic reactions. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: There are no data available.Cobalt is believed to exhibit its toxicity through a oxidant-based and free radical-based processes. It produces oxygen radicals and may be oxidized to ionic cobalt, causing increased lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and inducing certain enzymes that lead to cell apoptosis. Cobalt has also been shown to block inorganic calcium channels, possibly impairing neurotransmission. Cobalt can also chelate lipoic acids, impairing oxidation of pyruvate or fatty acids. In addition, cobalt may inhibit DNA repair by interacting with zinc finger DNA repair proteins, and has also been shown to inhibit heme synthesis and glucose metabolism. Cobalt may activate specific helper T-lymphocyte cells and interact directly with immunologic proteins, such as antibodies (IgA and IgE) or Fc receptors, resulting in immunosensitization. (L29) Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543)
Signs and SymptomsCobalt inhalation can cause asthma-like breathing problems. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis, which is characterized by irritation and rashes. Ingesting large amounts of cobalt may cause nausea and vomiting. Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. (L2090, L626, L627, L29)
Artificial Pollution SourcesCobaltous bromide's production and use in hygrometers and as a catalyst for organic reactions(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Carcinogen Classification2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
Environmental BioconcentrationFood Chain Concentration Potential: Microorganisms concentrate the cobalt (from cobaltous bromide) in water up to 1000 to 1500 times(1).
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Eight cobalt compounds were administered to rats by gastric intubation and the following LD50 values (mg anhydrous compound/kg body wt) were determined: Co(II) fluoride, 150cobalt(II) oxide, 202cobalt(II) phosphate, 387cobalt(II) bromide, 406cobalt(II) chloride, 418cobalt(II) sulfate, 424cobalt(II) nitrate, 434and cobalt(II) acetate, 503. After administration of the Co compounds, body temperatures decreased by 2.5-7.5 °C. The liver, heart and kidneys of rats given cobalt(II) fluoride or oxide were examined microscopically. Hyperemia, hemorrhage and cytoplasmic changes were noted, while the kidney glomeruli were rich in cells and basal membranes were thickened. Cells of the proximal tubules were swollen and showed vacuolization and degeneration. In the hearts of some rats proliferative and edematous interstitial tissue and swollen muscle fibers were observed and focal degeneration, vacuolization and necrosis associated with disappearance of the cross striations were noted.