나트륨 텔루리트

Signs and Symptoms of Sodium Tellurite Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute sodium tellurite exposure include the following: headache, metallic taste in mouth, garlic odor on breath, dry mouth and throat, drowsiness, dizziness, and lassitude. Anorexia (loss of appetite), nausea, vomiting, and constipation may be noted. Sodium tellurite may cause dermatitis on skin contact.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

TELLURIUM & CMPD MAY BE DISPOSED OF IN SEALED CONTAINERS IN A SECURED SANITARY LANDFILL. /TELLURIUM & CMPD/

0.1 [mg/m3], as Te

8 Hr Time-Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.1 mg/cu m. /Tellurium and compounds (NOS), as Te, excluding hydrogen telluride/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Tellurium and compounds (NOS), as Te, excluding hydrogen telluride/

0.52 [mg/m3]

3.5 [mg/m3]

21 [mg/m3]

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to determine the interactions between the incorporation of selenium (Se) and tellurium (Te) in the liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, lung and small intestine of Balby mice following the intraperitoneal injection of selenocystine and sodium-tellurite in mice injected with salts of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and zinc (Zn). The levels of cobalt (Co), rubidium (Rb), iron (Fe), and mercury (Hg) in the organs of the treated animals were determined. The results demonstrated a competitive interaction between As and Se or Te, and also between Se and Cd. The levels of Co, Fe, Rb, and Hg in the organs examined changed following injection, the corresponding concentrations depending on the injected compounds, although no clear correlations were established between the contents of Co and Fe and the injected compounds. The injection of Se, Te, or Cd resulted in the competitive displacement of Hg, with subsequent increase in the levels of Hg in the small intestine and kidney. Cd had the same effect on Fe, Co, and Rb in the small intestine and kidney, and the levels of Rb also increased following the injection of Se, Zn or As compounds.

/The investigators/ ... described 3 cases of accidental tellurium poisoning where sodium tellurite soln were given instead of sodium iodide during retrograde pyelography. In 2 cases, the dose is about 2 g (approx 30 mg/kg). Two patients died after about 6 hr; death was preceded by vomiting, renal pain, stupor, loss of consciousness, irregular breathing, & cyanosis. Autopsy revealed deposition of black tellurium in the mucosa of the bladder & of the ureter; congestion of lung, liver, spleen, & kidneys; & fatty change of the liver.

A significant incr of chromosome breakage incidence was observed in human leukocytes treated in vitro with sodium tellurite (1.2X10-8 mol/l) ... .

Toxic by ingestion.

Two fatalities occurred after unintentional treatment with 2 g of sodium tellurite by ureteral catheter. The patients died 6 hr post-treatment after experiencing emesis, dyspnea, cyanosis, lapse of consciousness, stupor, & renal pain. Autopsy revealed acute fatty degeneration & edema of the liver.

Cases of sodium tellurite poisoning were presented. A 40 year old male reported to the hospital with left renal pain. The patient was anesthetized and examined with a cystoscope. In what was intended to be a sodium iodide solution was injected and the patient left the hospital in good condition. Three hours later the patient was readmitted suffering great pain. After 2 hours he became cyanotic, dyspneic, and died. Another male, aged 21, had a urinary tract infection treated with calcium mandelate and ammonium chloride. After the injection of what was intended to be sodium-iodide he too developed a mild cyanosis with anemia but recovered within 2 months. A third male, aged 31, also received what was intended to be sodium iodide during the course of cystoscopy. He suffered a progressive cyanosis that caused his death. All three patients had a characteristic garlic odor to their breath. Chemical analysis of the blood revealed that the supposed sodium iodide was actually sodium tellurite. The authors conclude that sodium tellurite causes cyanosis through the formation of sulfhemoglobin.

Long-term ingestion of sodium tellurite ... (1-50 mg/kg body wt, 3-7 months) was accompanied by dark inclusions and degenerative changes in the small intestines of rats and rabbits ... .

Lifetime exposure of rats and of mice to sodium tellurite ... (2 mg tellurium/l drinking water) had no effect on growth and survival rate of males but tellurite reduced the life span of female mice.

Pathomorphological changes in the liver reported as resulting from exposure to tellurium cmpd /rats and rabbits, sodium tellurite, gavage of 5 and 10 mg/kg body wt for 3 months, and of 0.5 mg/kg for 7 months/ range from simple cellular swelling to hydropic and fatty degeneration and cell necrosis.

Impairment of glycogen function, detoxifying functions and of protein metabolism as indicated by dose-related reduction of galactose tolerance, hippuric acid excretion, decr of albumin/globulin ratio in serum, urinary bilirubin excretion, inhibition of cholinesterase, were observed ... /in/ subacute and chronic studies in rats and rabbits, oral admin of sodium tellurite, 0.5-10 mg tellurium/kg body wt.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SODIUM TELLURITE (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

LD50 Mouse oral 20 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 83 mg/kg

LD50 Rat ip 2400 ug/kg

LD50 Rabbit oral 53,600 ug/kg

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Sodium tellurite is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 or 10,000 lbs. Extremely hazardous substances that are solids are subject to either of two threshold planning quantities ... The lower quantity applies only if the solid exists in powdered form and has a particle size less than 100 microns; or is handled in solution or in molten form; or meets the criteria for a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rating of 2, 3 or 4 for reactivity. If the solid does not meet any of these criteria, it is subject to the upper ... threshold planning quantity ... .

Used in bacteriology; [Hawley]

Bacteriology, medicine

MEDICATION