과산화리튬

Metals -> Peroxides, Metal

Reactive agents - 2nd degree

Lithium peroxide appears as a white powder or sandy yellow granular solid. Irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Used to produce a supply of high-purity oxygen.

White solid; [Hawley] Light beige odorless powder; [MSDSonline]

Reacts with H2O with formation of H2O2; reacts with CO2 to form Li2CO3 and O2

Will react with water or steam to produce heat; on contact with reducing materials, can react vigorously

Standard molar enthalpy of formation at 298.15 K: -634.3 kJ/mol

In closed container, no detectable loss of available oxygen

For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for LITHIUM PEROXIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Danger

H271 (35.2%): May cause fire or explosion; strong Oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]

P210, P220, P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P283, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P306+P360, P316, P317, P321, P363, P370+P378, P371+P380+P375, P405, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 71 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: Lithium peroxide (Li2(O2))

Status: Active Update: 09-11-2021 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/33038

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 143 [Oxidizers (Unstable)]:

· May explode from friction, heat or contamination.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 143 [Oxidizers (Unstable)]:

· TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death.

A strong oxidizer; May ignite or explode in contact with organic materials; [Hawley] Reacts with moisture evolving heat; A skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant; [HSDB] A strong oxidizer that is explosive; Reacts with water producing heat and lithium hydroxide (corrosive); A skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant; [CAMEO] May cause fire on contact with combustible material; Reacts exothermically with water; A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; Inhalation may cause chemical pneumonitis; [MSDSonline]

LITHIUM PEROXIDE is strongly basic and an extremely powerful oxidizing agent. Accelerates the combustion of other materials, especially organic materials, involved in a fire. Can ignite wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc. on contact. May react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). Exposure to heat in a closed container may result in a vigorous reaction that violently ruptures the container.

/GUIDE 143: OXIDIZERS (Unstable)/ Fire or Explosion: May explode from friction, heat or contamination. These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

/GUIDE 143: OXIDIZERS (Unstable)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. Toxic fumes or dust may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.). Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 143: OXIDIZERS (Unstable)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 143: OXIDIZERS (Unstable)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for LITHIUM PEROXIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Lithium peroxide

UN1472

Div 5.1 Oxidizer (49 eCFR § 173.127)

PG II: the degree of danger presented by the material is medium

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 143 [Oxidizers (Unstable)]:

General First Aid:

If material on fire or involved in fire: Use suitable dry powder. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Do not use water on material itself. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Do not use water. Keep material dry.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors or dusts. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. ...

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 143 [Oxidizers (Unstable)]:

Immediate precautionary measure

Excerpt from ERG Guide 143 [Oxidizers (Unstable)]:

Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ In contact with eyes these substances produce inflammation. /Peroxides/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acute intoxication can occur in the initial phase in a course of therapy, but also at any point of time during long-lasting treatment or after an acute overdose. At plasma levels between 1.5 and 2.5 mmol/L, signs of toxicity include anorexia, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tremor of the hands, faintness of musculature, thirst, leucocytosis, and concentration and memory disturbances (especially with older people). These phenomena are often seen in the initial phase of a course of treatment and usually disappear when treatment continues, except with the tremor of the hands. In elderly people, reversible delirious conditions can occur with confusion, restlessness, and ataxia. At plasma levels above 2.5 mmol/L, serious toxic symptoms occur; fasciculations, muscle contractions, hyperreflexia and hypertonia, drowsiness, confusion, sometimes epileptiform insults, hypotension, coma, collapse. Independent of the plasma level, changes can occur in the ECG and in the EEC, with symptoms such as polyuria and polydipsia, seldom nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, ulcers of the leg, enhancement of acne and psoriasis, transient hyperglycemia, pruritus, and a metal taste. In about 5% of the cases, a (usually reversible) hypothyroidia develops. /Li+/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ A ... selective action of Li+ is to inhibit inositol monophosphatase and thus interfere with the phosphatidylinositol pathway ... This effect can lead to decr in cerebral inositol concn, which can be detected with magnetic resonance spectroscopy in human brain tissue. However, the physiological consequences of this effect remain uncertain, including interference with neurotransmission mechanisms that are mediated by the phosphatidylinositol pathway ... /Li+/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The prolonged use of Li+ causes a benign and reversible depression of the T wave of the ECG, an effect not related to depletion of Na+ or K+. /Li+/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during treatment ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Lithium and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Lithium and related compounds/

Used as a catalyst (polymerization of styrene to polystyrene), a curing agent for special polymers, and a source of oxygen in sealed spaces (submarines, breathing apparatus, space travel) because it absorbs carbon dioxide and liberates oxygen; [HSDB]

Lithium peroxide is used in space technology because it absorbs carbon dioxide and liberates oxygen.

To catalyze polymerization of styrene to polystyrene.

As supplier of active oxygen

... hardener for the formation of special polymers and for air purification in sealed spaces (submarines, breathing apparatus, space travel).

Addn of hydrogen peroxide to lithium hydroxide.

... Reaction of lithium hydroxide solution with hydrogen peroxide; it can be isolated by careful evaporation in vacuum

Lithium peroxide is obtained by reaction of hydrogen peroxide and lithium hydroxide in ethanol or water.