수산화베릴륨

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Beryllium compound, NOS/

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. /Beryllium compound, NOS/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

The insidious nature of the physiological action of beryllium even from minute exposures ... requires constant vigilance to minimize exposure, particularly to ... beryllium hydroxide ...

If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. /Beryllium compound, NOS/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... /Beryllium compound, NOS/

The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift, and prior to eating, drinking, smoking, etc. /Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be)/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for BERYLLIUM HYDROXIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

0.00005 [mg/m3], as Be, inhalable fraction

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.00005 mg/cu m (inhalable fraction); Skin. /Beryllium and compounds, as Be/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Beryllium and compounds, as Be/

A1: Confirmed human carcinogen. /Beryllium and compounds, as Be/

2013 Notice of Intended Changes (NIC): Updates of Sensitizer (SEN) Notations to Dermal Sensitizer (DSEN) and/or Respiratory Sensitizer (RSEN). The following substances are placed on the NIC for review of this notation only. Substance: Beryllium and compounds, as Be; Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.00005 mg/cu m (Inhalable fraction); Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): None; Notations: Skin; Dermal Sensitization (DSEN), Respiratory Sensitization (RSEN); A1: Confirmed human carcinogen.; Molecular Weight: 9.01; TLV Basis: Beryllium sensitization; Beryllium disease (berylliosis). /Beryllium and compounds, as Be/

0.00072 [mg/m3]

0.025 [mg/m3]

0.10 [mg/m3]

Respirator Recommendations: At concentrations above the NIOSH REL, or where there is no REL, at any detectable concentration: /Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be)/[Table#1099]

Respirator Recommendations: Escape: /Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be)/ [Table#1100]

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be)/

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be)/

Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendations involving the wearing of eye protection. /Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be)/

4.0 [mg/m3], as Be

NIOSH considers beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be)/

Acute inhalation of a high level of beryllium can results in a pneumonia-like condition called acute beryllium disease. Chronic inhalation of beryllium can caused an inflammatory reaction in the respiratory system called chronic beryllium disease. Chronic beryllium disease may result in anorexia and weight loss, as well as right side heart enlargement and heart disease in advanced cases. Chronic exposure can also increase the risk of lung cancer. Skin contact with beryllium results in contact dermatitus. (L24, L25)

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 7.5-8.5, hardness 100 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen > or =7.0 mg/L; Concentration: 236000 ug/L for 48 hr /Total Be ion/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 7.5-8.5, hardness 200 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen > or =7.0 mg/L; Concentration: 538000 ug/L for 48 hr /Total Be ion/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 7.5-8.5, hardness 150 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen > or =6.5 mg/L; Concentration: 487000 ug/L for 48 hr /Total Be ion/

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow); Conditions: static; Concentration: 150 ug/L for 96 hr, soft water; 20,000 ug/L for 96 hr, hard water /Beryllium ion/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for BERYLLIUM HYDROXIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

AQUATIC FATE: In aqueous solution, beryllium exhibits only the +2 oxidation state(1). Soluble beryllium salts are hydrolyzed to form insoluble beryllium hydroxides(2). Under typical environmental conditions, the hydroxo-complex BeOH+ and Be2+, are expected to be the dominant dissolved species(1). Be(OH)2 is expected to precipitate from water given its low solubility at the pH range of most natural systems(1).

Once in the body, beryllium acts as a hapten and interacts with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DP presenting cells in the lungs, becoming physically associated with a major histocompatability (MHC) class II molecule. This MHC class II-beryllium-peptide complex is recognized by the T lymphocyte receptor, triggering CD4+ T lymphocyte activation and proliferation. The resulting inflammatory response is a cell-mediated process orchestrated by cytokines and results in the formation of (usually pulmonary) granulomas. Beryllium's toxicity may be controlled by the iron-storage protein ferritin, which sequesters beryllium by binding it and preventing it from interacting with other enzymes. (L25, A37, A91)

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Rat alveolar cell lesions induced by intratracheal injection of beryllium hydroxide were entirely restored 20 days after initial injection. Beryllium hydroxide inhibited DNA synthesis in free alveolar macrophages and transpeptal cellular flow was evidenced.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ A group of 35 female Wistar-derived rats, three months old, received single intratracheal instillations of 50 ug Be as beryllium hydroxide suspended in distilled water, followed 10 months later by a second instillation of 25 ug. A group of 35 controls received a single intratracheal instillation of 2.5 mg chrysotile asbestos. Both materials were suspended in 0.4 mL distilled water, and the instillation was followed by 0.2 mL distilled water. Of the beryllium hydroxide-treated rats sacrificed at 19 months of age, 13/25 had pulmonary tumors (six adenomas and seven adenocarcinomas); one rat had both an epidermoid carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma. The lungs of all of the animals instilled with chrysotile had small and occasionally larger scars; adenomas occurred in two rats and an adenocarcinoma in a third. Metaplastic foci were found in the lungs of 5% of the chrysotile-treated group, whereas in 90% of the animals instilled with beryllium most of the normal lung tissue was replaced by metaplastic foci and tumors.

There is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of beryllium and beryllium compounds. Beryllium and beryllium compounds cause cancer of the lung. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of beryllium and beryllium compounds. Beryllium and beryllium compounds are carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). /Beryllium and beryllium compounds/

A1; Confirmed human carcinogen. /Beryllium and compounds, as Be/

Beryllium and beryllium compounds are known to be human carcinogens based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans. /Beryllium and compounds/

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of beryllium hydroxide is 1 to 99; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Beryllium compounds are included on this list. /Beryllium Compounds/