염소산바륨

개요Barium chlorate has the molecular formula of Ba(ClO3)2 and a molecular weight of 304.229 g/mol. Its density is 3.18 g/cm3 and its melting point is 413.9°C. It is a white crystalline solid, a skin irritant and if consumed can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Its CAS number is 13477-00-4. It is used in fireworks to produce a green color. It also forms a monohydrate, Ba(ClO3)2·H2O whose CAS number is 10294-38-9. Shock-sensitive compounds are formed with organic compounds, reducing agents, ammonia-containing agents, and metal powders. The substance decomposes violently on heating, producing oxygen, toxic fumes, and causing fire and explosive hazards. This salt is a strong oxidant and reacts with most combustible and reducing materials.

용도Pyrotechnics, explosives, textile mordant, man- ufacture of other chlorates.

Barium chlorate can be produced through a double replacement reaction of barium chloride and sodium chlorate: BaCl2＋ 2NaClO3→Ba(ClO3)2＋ 2NaCl It can also be produced through a more complicated process involving barium carbonate and ammonium chlorate, both of which are produced in situ. There are four separate reactions used to produce this salt: BaCl2＋ Na2CO3 →BaCO3＋ 2NaCl or BaCl2＋2NaHCO3 →BaCO3＋ 2NaCl＋ H2O＋ CO2(1) In a separate step, ammonium chlorate is produced by reaction of tartaric acid, C4H6O6, to produce ammonium bitartrate. This is then reacted with potassium chlorate which produces potassium bitartrate and ammonium chlorate: C4H6O6＋NH4OH→NH4C4H5O6＋H2O (2) NH4C4H5O6＋ KClO3→KC4H5O6＋NH4ClO3 (3) The produced barium carbonate is then reacted with ammonium chlorate: 2NH4ClO3＋ BaCO3＋ heat→Ba(ClO3)2＋ 2NH3＋H2O＋ CO2 (4) The final product is obtained without having to handle the chlorate solutions or product before the final product is obtained. It can also be produced via the Liebig process similar to that of the strontium homologue which consists of passing chlorine gas through a solid such as Ba(OH)2: 6Ba(OH)2＋ 6Cl2→5BaCl2＋ Ba(CIO3)2＋ 6H2O However, separating the two salts remains problematic since both are soluble in water. It is for this reason that the Liebig method is not used for the commercial production of barium chlorate.