퀴닌

개요퀴닌(quinine)은 해열·진통·말라리아 예방 등의 효과가 있는 알칼로이드이다.알칼로이드계 화합물의 일종. 기나나무속(Quinine tree)의 나무껍질에서 추출해 낸다. 우리나라에서는 철자 그대로 읽어서 키니네라고도 불렀으며, 말라리아 치료제로 널리 쓰였다.

개요Quinine, was the first known antimalarial. It is a 4-quinolinemethanol derivative bearing a substituted quinuclidine ring. The use of quinine in Europe began in the seventeenth century, after the Incas of Peru informed the Spanish Jesuits about the antimalarial properties of the bark of an evergreen mountain tree they called quinquina (later called cinchona, after Dona Franciscoa Henriquez de Ribera [1576–1639], Countess of Chinchon and wife of the Peruvian Viceroy).

출처Reported present in Cinchona officinalis.

역사Quinine is a white crystalline alkaloid best known for treating malaria. Quinine is derived from the bark of several species of trees in the genus Cinchona in the Rubiaceae family. Cinchona trees grow on the eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains at elevations of several thousand feet. Because these symptoms were associated with malaria, Cinchona bark powder was recognized as a possible treatment in the 1600s by Jesuit missionaries. After decades of work by numerous investigators, quinine was finally isolated in 1820 by Pierre-Joseph Pelletier (1788–1842) and Joseph-Bienaimé Caventou (1795–1877). The name quinine originates from the native word for the Cinchona tree quina quina, which became the Spanish word quino for cinchona. The development of organic synthesis in the middle of the 19th century and the limited supply of quinine stimulated attempts to synthesize it. William Henry Perkins’s (1838–1907) attempt to synthesize quinine in 1856 led to his discovery of mauve, which was a signifi cant discovery in the dye industry (see Indigo).

용도Because of its relatively constant and well-known fluorescence quantum yield, quinine is also used in photochemistry as a common fluorescence standard. It has been used for imaging of oxygen evolution and oxide formation. Chloride and bromide have been sh

일반 설명Quinine, a cinchona alkaloid found in the bark of the cinchona tree, is known for its anti-malarial property.

신코나 나무껍질과 소석회로부터 추출하여, 수산화나트륨 또는 탄소 처리, 뜨거운 석유, 황산을 이용한 분해, 그리고 묽은 수산화나트륨과 재결정에 의한 정제 과정을 거침 석회와 혼합된 잘게 갈아진 신코나 나무껍질은 뜨겁고, 높은 온도에서 끓는 파라핀 오일로부터 추출됨. 용액이 걸러지고, 묽은 황산과 섞이고, 마지막으로 탄산나트륨과 함께 여전히 뜨거울 때 중화됨; 식히면서, 황화 퀴닌은 석출됨. 황산염은 암모니아로 처리되고, 알칼로이드가 얻어짐