Dodecylbenzene

0.86 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8851 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.86

less than 1 mg/mL at 77 °F (NTP, 1992)

Insoluble in water

Solubility in water: none

275 °F (NTP, 1992)

285 °F

140.6 °C

627.8 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

328 °C

290-410 °C

19.4 °F (NTP, 1992)

3 °C

3 °C

8.47 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

8.47 (AIR= 1)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 46.9% (53 of 113) of reports.

Warning

H315 (17.7%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P264, P273, P280, P302+P352, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 113 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: Benzene, dodecyl-

Benzene, dodecyl-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)

Combustible.

Vigorous reactions, sometimes amounting to explosions, can result from the contact between aromatic hydrocarbons, such as DODECYLBENZENE, and strong oxidizing agents. They can react exothermically with bases and with diazo compounds. Substitution at the benzene nucleus occurs by halogenation (acid catalyst), nitration, sulfonation, and the Friedel-Crafts reaction.

1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.

1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.

0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective.

Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide.

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

To fight fire, use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.

WATER OR FOAM MAY CAUSE FROTHING. /DODECYL BENZENE (CRUDE)/

IN GENERAL, MATERIALS...TOXIC AS STORED OR WHICH CAN DECOMP INTO TOXIC COMPONENTS...SHOULD BE STORED IN COOL...VENTILATED PLACE, OUT OF...SUN, AWAY FROM...FIRE HAZARD...BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED & MONITORED. INCOMPATIBLE MATERIAL SHOULD BE ISOLATED...

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Incineration: Liquids should be atomized into an incinerator and combustion may be improved by mixing with a more flammable solvent (acetone or benzene). Solids should be combined with paper or other flammable material. An alternate procedure is to dissolve the solid in a flammable solvent and spray the soln into the fire chamber.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable metal containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

...OWING TO ITS SOLVENCY CHARACTERISTICS, IT MAY PROMOTE TUMORIGENIC & PROCARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MATERIALS SUCH AS DIMETHYLBENZANTHRACENE.

ADULT RHESUS MONKEYS GIVEN 2 ML OF 1% 7,12-DMBA IN ACETONE PLUS 100% DDB 3 TIMES/WK FOR 6.5 YR & UV IRRADIATED FOR 5 MIN 3 TIMES/WK FOR 6.5 MO BEGINNING 1 MO AFTER DMBA & DDB SKIN TREATMENT. MULTIPLE SINGLE PAPILLOMAS, DERMAL MELANOSIS & BASAL CELL EPITHELIOMAS FOUND.

IN GALAGOS GIVEN 0.2 ML OF 7,12-DMBA (2.5% SOLN IN ACETONE) IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWED BY 0.5 ML DDB APPLIED TO SAME AREA OF SKIN 3 TIMES/WK FOR 9 WK FOLLOWED BY DMBA & 100% DDB 2 TIMES/WK FOR 4 YR, BENIGN TUMORS (KERATOACANTHOMAS & PIGMENTED PAPILLOMA) WERE OBSERVED.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 7.4X10+5(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 8.26(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dodecylbenzene is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dodecylbenzene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4), but adsorption may severely attenuate this process. Dodecylbenzene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 5.1X10-5 mm Hg(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 7.4X10+5(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 8.26(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dodecylbenzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4), but adsorption may severely attenuate this process(SRC). Volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4.5 hours and 6 days, respectively(SRC), using an estimation method(3) if adsorption is neglected. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 21 years if adsorption is considered(5). According to a classification scheme(6), a measured BCF value of 35(7) suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. River die-away tests have shown linear alkylbenzenes are readily biodegradable, with half-lives of 4.8 and 10.1 days for C-12 alkyl chain isomers in river water(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dodecylbenzene, which has a vapor pressure of 5.1X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dodecylbenzene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 19 hours(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Particulate-phase dodecylbenzene may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

Cough. Sore throat.

Redness.

Redness.

Nausea.

Dodecylbenzene was detected in wastewater effluents in Tokyo, Japan at concns of 0.39-2.76 ng/l(1). Dodecylbenzene was detected in leachate from a surfactant manufacturing plant in Barcelona, Spain at concns of less than 0.5 ppm to 5 ppm(2).

The Koc of dodecylbenzene is estimated as 7.4X10+5(SRC), using a log Kow of 8.26(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that dodecylbenzene is expected to be immobile in soil.

Dermal carcinogenicity was evaluated in groups of hr/hr Oslo mice receiving skin applications of 50 ul of 16% (28 male and 28 female) or 80% (24 male and 24 female) dodecylbenzene twice a week for 78 weeks. Six animals in the 80% dose group developed 6 lymphomas versus 2 for the control (acetone) group. Amyloidosis, hyperplasia and some ulcerations were observed in the 80% dose group animals; no significant increase in lung adenomas was seen. The total number of skin tumors (papillomas, carcinomas, and sarcomas)/number of tumor bearing animals was 6/6 and 14/9 for the 16% and 80% dose groups respectively versus 3/2 for the acetone control group. Dodecylbenzene was reported to have a weak skin tumorigenicity under the test conditions.

Various pure cultures of bacteria were shown to degrade dodecylbenzene(1,2). An activated sludge compound was shown to oxidize dodecylbenzene during a 180 hour incubation period(3). River die-away tests have shown linear alkylbenzenes are readily biodegradable, with half-lives of 4.8 and 10.1 days for C-12 isomers in river water(4).

Used to make linear alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants, dodecylnitrobenzene, dodecylaniline, and dodecylbenzyl chloride; as vehicle and solvent for polynuclear aromatics in carcinogenesis studies; as solvent for organophosphorus insecticides; to make arylalkyl sulfonates in soap and detergent industry; [HSDB] Not produced in commercial quantity as pure substance, rather as mixtures of long-chain linear alkylbenzenes with alkyl group containing from 10 to 16 carbon atoms; The detergent surfactant LAS uses more than 98% of all linear alkylbenzenes; [eChemPortal: SIDSUNEP]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

CHEM INT FOR LINEAR ALKYLBENZENESULFONATE SURFACTANTS, DODECYLNITROBENZENE, DODECYLANILINE, DODECYLBENZYL CHLORIDE

AS VEHICLE & SOLVENT FOR POLYNUCLEAR AROMATICS IN CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES

SOLVENT FOR ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDES

USED TO PRODUCE ARYLALKYL SULFONATES IN SOAP & DETERGENT INDUSTRY; HAS BEEN APPLIED AS SOLVENT & CHEM VEHICLE

(1972) NEGLIGIBLE

(1975) NEGLIGIBLE

(1972) 2.4X10+11 G (LINEAR ALKYLBENZENES)

(1975) 2.25X10+11 GRAMS

Alkylation of benzene with isomeric dodecenes, obtained by polymerization of propylene.

...BY ALKYLATION OF BENZENE WITH PROPYLENE TETRAMER...