과산화 요소

0.8 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8 @ 20°C

167 to 185 °F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

75-85

Urea hydrogen peroxide appears as a solid or paste-like semisolid. Used to make plastics.

White solid; [Merck Index] Solid or paste-like semisolid; [CAMEO] Odorless; [CHRIS] White tablet; [Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]

Danger

H272 (94.9%): May intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]

P210, P220, P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 59 reports by companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Danger

H272: May intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]

Chemical: Urea, compound with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (1:1)

REACH registered substance: Hydrogen peroxide-urea (EC: 204-701-4)

Urea, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (1:1): HSNO Approval: HSR001360 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating ammonia gas may be formed in fire.

CAUTION: Ammonium nitrate products may explode if involved in fire or contaminated with hydrocarbons (fuels), organic matter, other contaminants or when hot molten and contained. Treat as an explosive (GUIDE 112).

Inhalation of dust causes irritation of nose from hydrogen peroxide formed when heated. Contact with eyes causes severe damage. Contact with moist skin causes temporary itching or burning sensation. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. (USCG, 1999)

Carbamide peroxide releases hydrogen peroxide and free radicals upon contact with water or outer surfaces of ear and tooth. Hydrogen peroxide exerts cerumenolytic, enamel-bleaching and antiseptic actions. _In vitro_, the chemical stability of ceramics against bleaching agents was observed after treatment with 15% carbamide peroxide for 56 h, 16% carbamide peroxide for 126 h, 10% or 15% carbamide peroxide and 38% hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes or 45 minutes, respectively. According to _in vitro_ studies, high (37%) or low (10 or 16%) concentrated carbamide peroxide agents were similarly effective as oral bleaching agents. Treatment with carbamide peroxide may lead to demineralization which involves decreased mineral content of enamel calcium, phosphate, and fluoride, and alteration of the chemical, structural, and mechanical properties. Carbamide peroxide may affect the organic components of the enamel and lead to increased susceptibility to erosion, fracture stability or decreased abrasion resistance of the treated area.

Carbamide peroxide release hydrogen peroxide upon contact with teeth, which is a strong oxidizing and bleaching agent. It also release free radicals such as H+ or H3O+. Hydrogen peroxide also acts as an antiseptic, especially in sites with relative anaerobiosis. Following otic administration, carbamide peroxide complex releases hydrogen peroxide that breaks up the hardened wax. The hydrogen peroxide component, which further breaks down into water, is also a cerumenolytic that hydrates the desquamated sheets of corneocytes, which are the major constituent of cerumen plugs. The glycerol and urea facilitates softening of the cerumen, either with or without syringing. Both hydrogen peroxide and urea mildly induce keratolysis with disintegration of the ear wax to help reduce the keratin-load in the ear debris and allow other active components to reach the skin under the debris.