우르소데옥시콜산

Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15

Pharmaceuticals -> Used in Switzerland

Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Bile Acids and Salts; Cholagogues and Choleretics; Cholic Acids; Gastrointestinal Agents

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

200-205

203 °C

200.0 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI-; Dataset: Bile Acids]

208.98 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT; Method: stepped-field]

198.7 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 4.5% (2 of 44) of reports.

Warning

H315 (95.5%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, and P362+P364 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 44 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

REACH registered substance: Ursodeoxycholic acid (EC: 204-879-3)

Ursodeoxycholic acid: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

n multiple clinical trials in a variety of conditions, ursodiol has not been found to cause increases in serum enzyme elevations, worsening of underlying liver disease or clinically apparent liver injury. Nevertheless, there have been rare reports of clinical decompensation in patients with advanced liver disease and cirrhosis started on ursodiol, but the reason for such reactions is not known. In at least one instance, there was recurrence of jaundice on restarting ursodiol. Thus, ursodiol has beneficial effects on several forms of liver disease and has not been convincingly linked to cases of clinically apparent acute liver injury in patients without cirrhosis. There is some concern that ursodiol may be harmful in patients with advanced liver disease (Childs class B and C) and such patients probably should not receive ursodiol.

A05AA02

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism

QA - Alimentary tract and metabolism

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a secondary bile acid with cytoprotectant, immunomodulating, and choleretic effects. It reduces the cholesterol fraction of biliary lipids. UDCA inhibits the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine and the secretion of cholesterol into bile, decreasing biliary cholesterol saturation. UDCA increases bile acid flow and promotes the secretion of bile acids.

Endogenous hydrophobic bile acids such as deoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid can exert hepatotoxic effects. Ursodeoxycholic acid is a hydrophilic bile acid that mediates its biological effects via several mechanisms. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) protects hepatocytes and cholangiocytes from bile acid-induced damage, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. UDCA was shown to reserve hepatocyte cell structures and stimulate anti-apoptotic pathways. It was also shown to prevent the production of ROS by Kupffer cells and resident macrophages in the liver, thus attenuating oxidative stress in the liver. UDCA can also change the hydrophobicity index of the bile acid pool: following oral administration, UDCA forms a major fraction of the human bile acid pool and competitively displaces the hydrophobic or more toxic bile acids. It increases the absorption of hydrophilic bile acids. There are several proposed mechanisms of choleretic actions of UDCA: UDCA increases intracellular calcium levels, stimulating transport proteins and vesicular exocytosis in cholestatic hepatocytes. UDCA may also upregulate the expression of membrane transport proteins like the chloride-bicarbonate anion exchanger (AE2), which is involved in biliary secretion and is often observed to be defective in primary biliary cholangitis. In rats, UDCA reduced hepatic expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens, suggesting immunomodulating effects. UDCA acts as a partial agonist at the bile acid receptor, also known as the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and has negligible effects on cholesterol and lipid synthesis.