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HCID 3168생성일: 2026년 10월 27일

드로페리돌, 펜타닐

드로페리돌,펜타닐 · Dimenhydrinate Impurity 1 · R 474 · r4749 · Dridol · Halkan · Inoval · R 4749

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/3168

드로페리돌, 펜타닐 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.548-73-2
분자식C22H22FN3O2
평균 분자량379.4 g/mol
단동위원소 질량379.16960516 g/mol
SMILESO=C(CCCN1CC=C(n2c(=O)[nH]c3ccccc32)CC1)c1ccc(F)cc1
InChIKeyRMEDXOLNCUSCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID3168
ChEMBLCHEMBL1108
ChEBICHEBI:4717
EC No.208-957-8
DTXSIDDTXSID6022973
현지명드로페리돌, 펜타닐

화학 및 물리적 성질

XLogP3.5
극성 표면적52.7
수소 결합 공여자 수1
수소 결합 수용자 수4
회전 가능 결합 수6
무거운 원자 수28
형식 전하0
복잡도615
의약품Pharmaceuticals -> Nervous system -> AnestheticsPharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15
LogP(분배 계수)log Kow = 3.502.8
냄새Odorless
맛Tasteless (no taste test is recommended)
Color/FormWhite to light tan, amorphous or microcrystalline powder
용해도1 g soluble in 5.5 mL chloroform, 600 mL alcohol, 10,000 mL waterslightly soluble in ether9.66e-02 g/L33.4 [ug/mL] (The mean of the results at pH 7.4)물에는 거의 녹지 않으며, 디메틸포름아미드와 염화메틸렌에는 잘 녹고, 에탄올에는 거의 녹지 않습니다(96%).
Human DrugsBreast FeedingLactationMilk, HumanAntiemeticsAntipsychotic AgentsButyrophenonesDopamine AntagonistsGastrointestinal AgentsFDA approved drugs -> Active ingredientPharmaceuticals
Animal DrugsActive Ingredients (Droperidol) -> FDA Greenbook
DecompositionWhen heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /fluoride and oxides of nitrogen/..
녹는점145-146.5145-146 °CMP: 144-148 °C (after vacuum drying at 70 °C for 4 hr)145.75 °C148-149°C
Physical DescriptionSolid
Stability/Shelf LifeSensitive to light, air & heat
밀도1.2154 (estimate)
저장 조건2-8°C
pKa(산도 계수)7.64(at 25℃)
물리적 상태Solid
색상옅은 노란색에서 옅은 베이지까지
용해도4.1mg/L(30℃)
헨리 상수3.7×1011 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015)
InChIInChI=1S/C22H22FN3O2/c23-17-9-7-16(8-10-17)21(27)6-3-13-25-14-11-18(12-15-25)26-20-5-2-1-4-19(20)24-22(26)28/h1-2,4-5,7-11H,3,6,12-15H2,(H,24,28)
InChIKeyRMEDXOLNCUSCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESC1(=O)N(C2=CCN(CCCC(C3=CC=C(F)C=C3)=O)CC2)C2=CC=CC=C2N1
EPA2H-Benzimidazol-2-one, 1-[1-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl]-1,3-dihydro- (548-73-2)

화학적 성질

Pale Yellow Solid

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류WarningH302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P270, P301+P317, P330, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 40 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.
기타 안전 정보IMAP assessments - 2H-Benzimidazol-2-one, 1-[1-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl]-1,3-dihydro-: Environment tier I assessment
FDA 요건The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, including droperidol, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.Droperidol and fentanyl citrate injection is a sterile solution containing 20 mg of droperidol and 0.4 mg of fentanyl citrate per cubic centimeter. ... It is used in dogs as an analgesic and tranquilizer and for general anesthesia. /Droperidol and fentanyl citrate injection/The Generic Animal Drug and Patent Restoration act requires that each sponsor of an approved animal drug must submit to the FDA certain information regarding patents held for the animal drug or its method of use. The Act requires that this information, as well as a list of all animal drug products approved for safety and effectiveness, be made available to the public. Droperidol is included on this list.
Hazard Classes and CategoriesAcute Tox. 4 (100%)
Hazardous Reactivities and IncompatibilitiesDroperidol injection is physically and/or chemically incompatible with some drugs (e.g., parenteral barbiturates), but the compatibility depends on several factors (e.g., concentrations of the drugs, specific diluents used, resulting pH, temperature). Specialized references should be consulted for specific compatibility information.
소화 절차As with all fires, evacuate personnel to a safe area. Firefighters should use self-contained breathing equipment and protective clothing.Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam as appropriate for surrounding fire and materials.
보관 조건Commercially available droperidol injection should be protected from light and stored at room temperature (15-25 °C).Store in tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP-NF. This material should be handled and stored per label instructions to ensure product integrity. Store in a cool place. Store under nitrogen.

용도

개요

D roperidol is a butyrophenone that has potent antidopaminergic (D2) activity and mild α2-blocking actions. It produces sedation and anxiolysis and is an effective antiemetic. A dverse effects include vasodilatation and hypotension, and at higher doses, dystonic reactions can occur. D roperidol was used for premedication and in neuroleptanaesthesia until reports of death from long QT syndrome led to its withdrawal in 2001. It has recently been reintroduced and licenced at lower doses for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. D roperidol has an onset of 3–10 min after i.v. injection and duration of action of 6–12h. It undergoes hepatic metabolism, but approximately 10% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine.

용도

The neuroleptic droperidol possesses antipsychotic, sedative, and antishock action. It potentiates the action of drugs for narcosis. In psychiatric practice, droperidol is used for psychomotor excitement and hallucinations. The principal use of this drug lies in anesthesiology for neuroleptanalgesia in combination with fentanyl. It is used in premedication as well as in surgical operations and post-operational circumstances.

일반 설명

Droperidol, 1-{1-[3-(p-fluorobenzoyl)propyl]-1,2, 3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridyl}-2-benzimidazolinone(Inapsine), may be used alone as a preanestheticneuroleptic or as an antiemetic. Because of its very shortactingand highly sedating properties, its most frequent useis in combination (Innovar) with the narcotic agent fentanyl(Sublimaze) preanesthetically.

정리 방법Wear approved respiratory protection, chemically compatible gloves, and protective clothing. Wipe up spillage or collect spillage using a high-efficiency vacuum cleaner. Avoid breathing dust. Place spillage in appropriately labeled container for disposal. Wash spill site.
처리 방법SRP: Expired or waste pharmaceuticals shall carefully take into consideration applicable DEA, EPA, and FDA regulations. It is not appropriate to dispose by flushing the pharmaceutical down the toilet or discarding to trash. If possible return the pharmaceutical to the manufacturer for proper disposal being careful to properly label and securely package the material. Alternatively, the waste pharmaceutical shall be labeled, securely packaged and transported by a state licensed medical waste contractor to dispose by burial in a licensed hazardous or toxic waste landfill or incinerator.SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.
Preventive MeasuresAs a general rule, when handling USP Reference Standards, avoid all contact and inhalation of dust, mists, and/or vapors associated with the material. Wash thoroughly after handling.As with all dry powders, it is advisable to ground mechanical equipment in contact with dry material to dissipate the potential buildup of static electricity.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Respiratory protection: Use a NIOSH-approved respirator, if it is determined to be necessary by an industrial hygiene survey involving air monitoring. In the event that a respirator is not required, an approved dust mask should be used. Gloves: Chemically compatible. Eye protection: Safety glasses or goggles. Protective clothing: Protect exposed skin.Engineering controls such as exhaust ventilation are recommended
상호 작용Any drug known to have the potential to prolong the QT interval should not be used together with droperidol. Possible pharmacodynamic interactions can occur between droperidol and potentially arrhythmogenic agents such as class I or III antiarrhythmics, antihistamines that prolong the QT interval, antimalarials, calcium channel blockers, neuroleptics that prolong the QT interval, and antidepressants.Caution should be used when patients are taking concomitant drugs known to induce hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia as they may precipitate QT prolongation and interact with droperidol. These would include diuretics, laxatives and supraphysiological use of steroid hormones with mineralocorticoid potential.CNS depressant drugs (e.g. barbiturates, tranquilizers, opioids and general anesthetics) have additive or potentiating effects with droperidol. When patients have received such drugs, the dose of droperidol required will be less than usual. Following the administration of droperidol, the dose of other CNS depressant drugs should be reduced.To report a case of QT prolongation associated with concomitant cyclobenzaprine and fluoxetine administration followed by torsade de pointes potentiated by droperidol. A 59-year-old white woman who had been receiving long-term fluoxetine and cyclobenzaprine therapy was admitted for Achilles tendon repair. Baseline QTc was prolonged at 497 msec. Prior to surgery, the patient received droperidol, an agent known to prolong the QT interval. During surgery the patient developed torsade de pointes, which progressed into ventricular fibrillation. On postoperative day 1, after cyclobenzaprine discontinuation, the QTc decreased toward normal (440 msec). Cyclobenzaprine shares anticholinergic effects, tachycardia, and dysrhythmic potential with the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Fluoxetine is a known inhibitor of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme (along with CYP3A4 and CYP2C) and has been shown to increase TCA serum concentrations. The combination of cyclobenzaprine and fluoxetine resulted in significant QT prolongation in our patient that progressed to torsade de pointes after preoperative droperidol administration. Resolution of QT abnormalities after cyclobenzaprine discontinuation provided further evidence of a drug-induced etiology. Other possible medical and drug-related causes of torsade de pointes are reviewed and ruled out. ...For more Interactions (Complete) data for DROPERIDOL (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
환경 거동TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 820(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.50(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that droperidol is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of droperidol is 7.46(4), indicating that this compound will exist partially in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of the neutral species of droperidol from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.7X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(6). Droperidol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.9X10-10 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(7). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2012).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 820(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.50(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that droperidol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is not expected(4) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.7X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(5). A pKa of 7.46(6) indicates droperidol will exist partially in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 25(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2012).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), droperidol, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.9X10-10 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase droperidol may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Droperidol contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).
Soil Adsorption/MobilityThe Koc of droperidol is estimated as 820(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.50(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that droperidol is expected to have low mobility in soil. The pKa of droperidol is 7.46(4), indicating that this compound will exist partially in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).
Human Toxicity Excerpts/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The sensitivity of the respiratory center following a single 0.3 mg X kg-1 iv dose of droperidol was determined in eight healthy volunteers by using carbon dioxide (CO2) rebreathing and mouth occlusion pressure measurements (P0.1). There were no significant differences in the mean slopes of the minute ventilation/partial pressure of CO2 (VE/PCO2) and log P0.1/PCO2 relationships between control measurements and those made 30, 60, 90, 150, and 240 min after droperidol administration. However, individual variations in response were present, one subject showing significant (approximately 50%) depression of respiratory drive./HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, both the incidence of akathisia and its relationship to the dose of droperidol (0.5 or 1 mg) /were investigated/. One hundred and twenty healthy women undergoing day-case gynaecological surgery were anaesthetised with propofol, fentanyl, isoflurane and droperidol according to group. Patients were assessed by structured telephone interview at 24 hr. There was an increasing incidence of both restlessness (p = 0.01) and unpleasant restlessness (p = 0.02) between the groups on Chi-squared testing. Compared to the control group, those women given droperidol 1 mg suffered more restlessness (p = 0.001) and unpleasant restlessness (p < 0.01). No statistical difference could be demonstrated between the two droperidol groups. /The authors/ conclude that droperidol may commonly cause akathisia and may not, therefore, be an appropriate prophylactic antiemetic for day-case anaesthesia./HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... /The authors/ investigated, if neuroleptanalgesic doses of droperidol led to QT prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias in children undergoing cardiac surgery. /Investigators/ retrospectively analyzed electrocardiogram rhythm strips that were obtained before and in time increments after a 100 ug x kg(-1) intravenous bolus of droperidol in 20 children undergoing cardiac surgery. The longest QT interval was determined in each ECG and corrected for heart rate (QTc). All arrhythmias were recorded. Droperidol led to a significant increase in QTc time that was still present at 15 min but had resolved within 30 min after the bolus. No associated arrhythmias were observed. The statistically significant prolongation of QTc time after a sedative dose of droperidol is of concern because it may increase the risk for malignant cardiac arrhythmias. A large, prospective study is necessary to identify the true risk for arrhythmias after droperidol in this patient population, but our study suggests that any arrhythmogenic risk, if present, will be very transient, since the increase in QTc time was limited to a period of less than 30 min after the bolus./HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ This was a randomized, double-blinded, two-period, placebo-controlled crossover trial that utilized a standard driver-training program with computerized scoring. /Investigators/ solicited 20 paid volunteers who were pre-screened with a 12-lead EKG to evaluate QT length. For the first driving simulation, subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5 mg of DROP IM or an equal volume of normal saline (NS). At least 72 hours later, the same subjects participated in a second driving simulation. For the second driving simulation, the assignment of DROP, 2.5 mg IM, or normal saline was reversed: (If a subject received DROP, 2.5 mg IM, in the first simulation, the subject received normal saline in the second simulationconversely, if a subject received normal saline in the first simulation, the subject received DROP, 2.5 mg IM, in the second simulation). Thirty minutes later, participants drove the 20-minute simulation and received an average score based on the errors made in 4 categories: accelerating, braking, steering, and signaling. Post-testing, participants evaluated their degree of drowsiness and driving impairment using a visual analog scale and compared their perception of impairment to that caused by alcohol ingestion. Data were analyzed using analysis-of-variance, Pearson chi-square and Fischer's exact test with alpha set at p = 0.05. Twenty subjects (11 males and 9 females) completed the protocol. The mean age was 30 years with a range of 20 to 46 years, and the mean weight was 80 kg. The mean driving experience was 12 years. Participants who received DROP felt significantly drowsier (38.6 mm +/- 9.0) than those receiving NS (13.2 mm +/- 9.0), the mean difference was 25.4 mm p = 0.009. Subjects receiving DROP were also more likely to feel that their driving would be impaired as rated on the VAS (DROP: 34.6 +/- 5.2NS: 3.2 +/- 5.2p = 0.0005), and DROP subjects reported impairment equivalent to 1-4 drinks more frequently than those receiving placebo (61% vs. 16.7%, p < 0.001). These subjective feelings of impairment were confirmed by their driving performance on the simulator. The mean driving score, using the driving simulator, was 68.8% with DROP vs. 73.6% with NSp = 0.013. Subjects receiving modest doses of IM DROP report increased perceptions of drowsiness, driving impairment, and intoxicationthese perceptions are confirmed on objective testing.For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for DROPERIDOL (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Artificial Pollution SourcesDroperidol's production and use as an antipsychotic(1) and adjuvant to anaesthesia prio to surgery(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Drug Induced Liver InjuryDrug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)DroperidolvNo-DILI-concernNo matchDOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
Environmental BioconcentrationAn estimated BCF of 25 was calculated in fish for droperidol(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.50(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
Volatilization from Water/SoilThe Henry's Law constant for the neutral species of droperidol is estimated as 2.7X10-17 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that droperidol is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). Droperidol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.9X10-10 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In rabbits /droperidol/... is reported to cause a preliminary small rise of ocular pressure, then a reduction./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Droperidol administered intravenously has been shown to cause a slight increase in mortality of the newborn rat at 4.4 times the upper human dose. At 44 times the upper human dose, mortality rate was comparable to that for control animals. Following intramuscular administration, increased mortality of the offspring at 1.8 times the upper human dose is attributed to CNS depression in the dams who neglected to remove placentae from their offspring. Droperidol has not been shown to be teratogenic in animals./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ An oral study in rats revealed no impairment of fertility in either males or females at 0.63, 2.5 and 10 mg/kg doses (approximately 2, 9 and 36 times maximum recommended human iv/im dosage)./GENOTOXICITY/ The micronucleus test in female rats revealed no mutagenic effects in single oral doses as high as 160 mg/kg.
Populations at Special RiskNeuroleptic analgesia should not be used for patients with Parkinson's disease.Droperidol should be used with caution in patients with impaired hepatic and renal function.Severe hypertension and tachycardia have occurred in patients with diagnosed or suspected pheochromocytoma after administration of droperidol.Droperidol should be administered with extreme caution to patients who may be at risk for development of prolonged QT syndrome (e.g., congestive heart failure, bradycardia, use of a diuretic, cardiac hypertrophy, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or administration of other drugs known to increase the QT interval). Other risk factors may include age over 65 years, alcohol abuse, and use of agents such as benzodiazepines, volatile anesthetics, and IV opiates. Droperidol should be initiated at a low dose and adjusted upward, with caution, as needed to achieve the desired effect.
Environmental Abiotic DegradationDroperidol is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(1). Droperidol contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(1) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).
Probable Routes of Human ExposureNIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 3,340 workers (2,588 of these were female) were potentially exposed to droperidol in the US(1). Occupational exposure to droperidol may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where droperidol is produced or administered. Exposure to droperidol among the general population may be limited to those administered the drug(SRC).
수질 위해 등급(WGK)3
RTECS 번호DE2100000
운송 번호(UN)3249
독성LD50 oral in rat: 750mg/kg
관세 코드2933995800
위험 문구(R)22
위험 표시Xn
안전 문구(S)36
포장분류III
위험 등급6.1(b)Acute Tox. 4 Oral
저장 분류11 - Combustible Solids
유해 물질 데이터548-73-2(Hazardous Substances Data)