N,N'-에틸렌비스(테트라브로모프탈이미드)

Plastics -> Flame retardants

Plastics -> N.a.

2.67 (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water; will sink

Specific gravity: 2.77

Off-white powder

Light yellow powder

Insoluble at 70 °F) (NTP, 1992)

Solubility (weight % at 25 °C): <0.01 in water, acetone, methanol, toluene

In water, 3.0X10-9 mg/L at 25 °C /Estimated/

835 °F (NTP, 1992)

456 °C

N,n-ethylene-bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is a yellow powder. (NTP, 1992)

Dry Powder; CBI

Off-white or light yellow solid; [HSDB] Yellowish powder; [MSDSonline]

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 100% (174 of 174) of all reports.

Not Classified

Aggregated GHS information provided per 174 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Chemical: 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-

Hazard Traits - Hazard Trait Undefined

1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrabromo- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrabromo- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

REACH registered substance: N,N'-ethylenebis(3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalimide) (EC: 251-118-6)

1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

In lethal inhalation studies of rats, causes dyspnea and pulmonary emboli; [ChemIDplus] No adverse effects in rats that consumed about 1000 mg/kg/bw/day for 90 days; No fetal effects in rats fed 1000 mg/kg/day on gestation days 6-15; [HSDB] Mildly irritating to eyes; [Hawley]

The U.S. high production volume (HPV) chemicals are those which are manufactured in or imported into the United States in amounts equal to or greater than one million pounds per year. Robust Summaries include health effects, ecotoxicity data, and environmental fate information for selected chemicals. EPA/Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics; High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program's Robust Summaries and Test Plans.[Available from, as of November 4, 2004: http://www.epa.gov/hpv/pubs/hpvrstp.htm]

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Ethylene bis-(tetrabromophthalimide is included on this list.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: You should dampen the solid spill material with acetone, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the adsorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminate area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8.0X10+5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-21 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.5X10-22 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). A 0% theoretical BOD in 28 days at 25 °C using an activated sludge inoculum and the Japanese MITI test(5) suggests that biodegradation in soil may be slow(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8.0X10+5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-21 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 9.5(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 9.8(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the presence of amide groups(SRC). A 0% theoretical BOD in 28 days at 25 °C using an activated sludge inoculum and the Japanese MITI test(8) suggests that biodegradation in water may be slow(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide), which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2.5X10-22 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) can be estimated to be 8X10+5(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is expected to be immobile in soil.

Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide)'s production and use as a flame retardant in electrical and electronics components, wire and cable insulation, switches, and conductors(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide), present at 100 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 28 days at 25 °C using an activated sludge inoculum collected in Japan at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1). Aniline was used as a control and degraded 67% after 7 days(1).

An estimated BCF of 9 was calculated for ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide)(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 9.8(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low, as would be expected given the size of this molecule and its very low estimated water solublilty of 3.0X10-9 mg/L(4).

The Henry's Law constant for ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is estimated as 3.6X10-21 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide)'s Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected(SRC). Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.5X10-22 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The test material (0.5 g) was applied to intact and abraded skin of 6 white rabbits. The test material was covered with an occlusive dressing and remained in contact for 24 hr. Skin readings were made at 24 and 72 hr post-application. All rabbits at both readings scored 0 for erythema, eschar, and edema formation.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The test article was instilled in the right eye of 6 New Zealand white rabbits. Observations were recorded at 1, 24, 48, and 72 hr and on Day 7 following treatment. At 1 hr after instillation, conjunctival redness was detected in 5 animals with a score of 1 and in 1 animal with a score of 2 at 24 hours. Discharge (score = 1) was noted in 2 animals. All 6 animals were negative for chemosis. All 6 animals scored 0 for corneal lesions and iris effects. All scores at other time points were negative.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ The test article was fed to Sprague Dawley male rats (n=10/group) at 0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1% of the diet for 28 days. No mortality occurred during the study. No clinical signs of toxicity were observed. Mean body weights, body weight gains, food consumption and organ weights were not affected by treatment. Organs weighed at necropsy were liver, heart, spleen, kidney, and testes. Hematology and serum chemistry parameters were not affected by treatment. No gross or microscopic lesions attributable to test article were detected at necropsy or on light microscopy. The 28-day NOEL was 1% of the diet. This is estimated to be /about/ 1,000 mg/kg/day using the assumption of consumption of 25 g diet per 250 g rat per day.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ /Saytex BT 93/ was admistered to 4 groups of Sprague Dawley rats (n=15/sex/group) at 0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0% of the diet for 90 days followed by 46 days during which the rats were fed control diet. No changes in hematology or serum chemistry values related to treatment were detected on study days 0, 45, 92. No effect of treatment was found on urinalysis (day 0, 45 and 90). The mean relative and absolute organ weights of the liver, kidney, heart, and thyroids from the control and 1.0% groups were statistically comparable. Several animals died /during the/ test from non-test article related causes (most deaths were related to collection of blood for hematology and serum chemistry evaluations). Gross necropsy from animals dying /during/ test and sacrificed on days 92, 134, 135 and 136 revealed no test article-related gross lesions. No test article related lesions were detected on histopathology. The 90-day NOEL was 1% of the diet. This is estimated to be /about/ 1,000 mg/kg/day using the assumption of consumption of 25 g diet per 250 g rat per day.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ETHYLENE BIS(TETRABROMOPHTHALIMIDE) (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Occupational exposure to ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is produced or used(SRC). Occupational exposure would be expected to be minimal(SRC), since ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is manufactured in a closed system(1).

Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide)'s production and use as a flame retardant in electrical and electronics components, wire and cable insulation, switches, and conductors may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 2.5X10-22 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) will exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. If released to soil, ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is expected to have no mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 8.0X10+5. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-21 atm-cu m/mole. Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its estimated vapor pressure. A 0% theoretical BOD in 28 days at 25 °C using an activated sludge inoculum and the Japanese MITI test suggests that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process. If released into water, ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. An estimated BCF of 9.5 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis may be an important environmental fate process since this compound contains amide functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) is produced or used. (SRC)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Ethylene bis-(tetrabromophthalimide is included on this list.

14C-labelled BT93 was administered orally by gavage in corn oil to 5 female Sprague-Dawley rats for 14 consecutive days. Two rats were sacrificed 24 hr after the last dose; remainder sacrificed 7, 14, and 30 days after the last dose. Liver, kidney, brain, leg muscle and body fat were collected at each sacrifice. Urine, feces and expired air was collected 24 hr after the last dose. The compound was excreted mainly in the feces (approximately 65% of the total dose). Approximately 15% of the total dose was found in the urine. The amount of the radiolabel excreted in expired air was negligible. A minor trace amount of 14C-label was temporarily detected in tissues; residues were <0.5 ppm in any tissue. Tissues from animals sacrificed during the withdrawal period showed a dissipation of residue levels in all tissues within the 30 withdrawal period. Kidney level went from 0.32 ppm 24 hr after the last dose to 0.043 ppm at day 30 post dosing; liver went from 0.424 ppm 24 hr after the last dose to 0.024 ppm at day 30 post dosing.

Used as a flame retardant for polyolefins, high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), thermoplastic polyesters (PBT, PET, etc.), polycarbonate, elastomers, electrical and electronics components, wire and cable insulation, switches, and conductors; [HSDB]

Flame retardant /for/ ...use in polyolefins, high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), thermoplastic polyesters (PBT, PET,etc.), polycarbonate and elastomers.

Brominated additive flame retardant. /From table/

Flame retardant in electrical and electronics components, wire and cable insulation, switches, and conductors

2023: 5,000,000 - <10,000,000 lb

1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrabromo- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).[EPA/Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics; High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program. 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis

Plastics -> Flame retardants

Plastics -> Polymer Type -> N.a.

Plastics Product Manufacturing

1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-: ACTIVE

/Ethylene bis tetrabromophthalimide/ (EBTBP) is manufactured in a closed system.