차아인산
차아인산 · 포스핀산 · 하이포아인산용액 · 차아린산 · 하이포아인산용액(HYPOPHOSPHOROUSACIDSOLUTION) · 다이하이드록시포스핀 · 아포스폰산 · 포스핀 산화물, 하이드록시-
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 6303-21-5 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | H3O2P |
| 평균 분자량 | 65.996 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 65.98706597 g/mol |
| SMILES | O=[PH2]O |
| InChIKey | ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 4124402 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2105054 |
| EC No. | 228-601-5 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID90873902 |
| 현지명 | 차아인산 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| XLogP | -1.1 |
|---|---|
| 극성 표면적 | 37.3 |
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 1 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 2 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 0 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 3 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 10.3 |
| 물질 분류 | Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Acids, Inorganic |
| pH | pH = 0.71 at 37 °C (100 g/L solution)pKa1= 1.00(25℃) |
| 밀도 | Marketed in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations, 50% (density 1.274), 30-32% (density 1.13), 10% (density 1.04)1.439 @25 °C1.206 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.) |
| Viscosity | 58.4 mN/m (60% aqueous solution) |
| Color/Form | Hygroscopic crystals or colorless oily liquidWater free acid forms deliquescent crystalssupercools to a colorless oily liquid |
| 용해도 | Miscible with waterMiscible with alcoholvery soluble in H2O, ethanol, ethyl ether |
| 끓는 점 | Decomposes upon heating >133 °C130 °C @760 [mm Hg]108 °C (759.8513 mmHg) |
| Decomposition | Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions - Oxides of phosphorus. /Hypophosphorous acid solution/Dec by heat into /phosphoric acid/ and spontaneously flammable /phosphine/.When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /phosphorous oxides/. |
| 녹는점 | 26.5 °C-25 °C |
| 증기압 | 0.00323 mmg Hg at 25 °C (effusion method: vapor pressure balance)<17 mmHg ( 20 °C) |
| Food Contact Substances | FCS -> FDA Cumulative Estimated Daily Intake (CEDI) |
| Physical Description | Hypophosphorous acid appears as colorless oily liquid or deliquescent crystals with a sour odor. Density 1.439 g / cm3. Melting point 26.5 °C. Inhalation of vapors irritates or burns the respiratory tract. Liquid and vapors may irritate or burn eyes and skin.Deliquescent solid (from the water-free acid)Supercools to colorless odorless liquidmp = 26.5 deg C[Merck Index] Colorless odorless solution[MSDSonline] |
| 저장 조건 | no restrictions. |
| pKa(산도 계수) | pK1 1.1. |
| 물리적 상태 | 흡습성 결정 또는 무색 유성 액체 |
| 색상 | 무색의 |
| 용해도 | 녹는 |
| Merck | 13,4894 |
| 안정성 | 안정적인. 강한 염기와 호환되지 않습니다. 산화제, 강염기, 질산수은(II) 및 산화수은(II)와 격렬하게 반응함. 100C 이상으로 가열하지 마십시오. |
| InChI | 1S/H3O2P/c1-3-2/h3H2,(H,1,2) |
| InChIKey | GQZXNSPRSGFJLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | O[PH2]=O |
| NIST | Hypophosphorous acid(6303-21-5) |
| EPA | Phosphinic acid (6303-21-5) |
화학적 성질
colourless liquid
안전 및 규제
| GHS 분류 | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.5% (16 of 1039) of reports.DangerH290 (35.4%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]P234, P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P390, P405, P406, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 1039 reports by companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| 규제 정보 | Chemical: Phosphinic acidList I Chemical: A chemical specified by regulation that, in addition to legitimate uses, is used in manufacturing a controlled substance in violation of the Act and is important to the manufacture of a controlled substance. (21 eCFR 1310.02)Phosphinic acid is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Phosphinic acid are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 05-05-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14343Hypophosphorous acid: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| 기타 안전 정보 | IMAP assessments - Phosphinic acid: Environment tier I assessment |
| 운송 라벨(DOT) | Corrosive |
| 화재 위험 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: |
| 건강 유해성 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: |
| 유해성 요약 | A strong reducing agent[Merck Index] Fire and explosion hazard in contact with oxidizing agents[Hawley] A strong reducing agentMay cause irritation or burns to skin, eye, and respiratory tract[CAMEO] Corrosive to skin and eyes[eChemPortal: ERMA] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tractInhalation may cause chemical pneumonitis[MSDSonline] |
용도
용도
환원제,의약품,금속표면 처리.
개요
Hypophosphorous acid is a powerful reducing agent with a molecular formula of H3PO2. Inorganic chemists refer to the free acid by this name although its IUPAC name is dihydridohydroxidooxidophosphorus, or the acceptable name of phosphinic acid. It is a colorless low-melting compound, which is soluble in water, dioxane, and alcohols. The formula for hypophosphorous acid is generally written H3PO2, but a more descriptive presentation is HOP(O)H2 which highlights its monoprotic character. Salts derived from this acid are called phosphinates (hypophosphites).
용도
Hypophosphorous acid is primarily used for electroless nickel plating. It is involved in the reduction of arenediazonium salts. It acts as an additive in Fischer esterification reactions. Also, it serves as a neutralizing agent, antioxidant, catalyst in polymerization and poly condensation, and wetting agent. Further, it is used in the formulation of pharmaceuticals, discoloration of polymers, water treatment and retrieval of precious or non-ferrous metals. In addition to this, it is used as bleaching agents for plastics, synthetic fibers, decolorizing agent and for color stabilization during the manufacture of chemicals and several plastics.
일반 설명
Hypophosphorous acid appears as colorless oily liquid or deliquescent crystals with a sour odor. Density 1.439 g / cm3. Melting point 26.5°C. Inhalation of vapors irritates or burns the respiratory tract. Liquid and vapors may irritate or burn eyes and skin.
제조 및 합성 방법
제조 방법
Hypophosphorous acid may be prepared by various methods: 1. Boiling white phosphorus with calcium hydroxide: P4 + 4Ca(OH)2 + 8H2O → 4Ca(H2PO2)2 + 4H2 The calcium salt is soluble in water. Treatment with sulfuric acid yields thehypophosphorous acid: (H2PO2)2Ca + H2SO4 → 2H3PO2 + CaSO4 The product mixture is filtered to remove insoluble CaSO4. The aqueous solu-tion of hypophosphorous acid is concentrated under reduced pressure.Concentrated baryta water may be used instead of calcium hydroxide.2. By treating sodium hypophosphite, NaH2PO2with an ion-exchange resin.The sodium salt may be produced by boiling white phosphorus with a solutionof sodium hydroxide, a reaction similar to (1) above. PH3 + 2I2 + 2H2O → H3PO2 + 4HI The above method may be considered safer than that involving heating whitephosphorus with an alkali. Hypophosphorous acid must be stored below 50°C. It is sold commerciallyas an aqueous solution at various concentrations.
생산 방법
Hypophosphorous acid is formed by reaction of barium hypophosphite and sulfuric acid, and filtering off barium sulfate. By evaporation of the solution in vacuum at 80 °C, and then cooling to 0°C, hypophosphorous acid crystallizes.