히메녹손

Emergency treatment: Plants- sesquiterpene lactones; Sesquiterpene lactones are in many plants. They cause toxicity mainly in livestock that eat the plants. Human poisoning cases are extremely rare. Possible symptoms after ingestion include irritation of mucous membranes, dyspnea, pulmonary hemorrhage, tremors, seizures, abdominal pain, and liver injury. [HSDB] Sesquiterpene lactones are a common cause of allergic dermatitis in florists. See Sesquiterpene lactones.

HYMENOXYS ODORATA (BITTERWEED) IS A MAJOR POISONOUS RANGE PLANT THAT IS INDIGENOUS TO TEXAS, NEW MEXICO, COLORADO, OKLAHOMA, ARIZONA AND CALIFORNIA. HYMENOXON IS EXTRACTED FROM THIS PLANT. HYMENOXON WAS FOUND IN HYMENOXYS ODORATA, HELENIUM HOOPSII AND BAILEYA MULTIRADIATA, AND THE HYMENOXON CONTENT WAS RELATED TO THE RELATIVE TOXICITY (TO ANIMALS) OF THE 3 PLANTS.

NO SIGNIFICANT SEX DIFFERENCES WERE OBSERVED IN HYMENOXON ORAL LD50 VALUES FOR SWISS WHITE MICE. HYMENOXON WAS A DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGEN IN THE SALMONELLA/MAMMALIAN MICROSOME TEST. URINE SAMPLES OBTAINED FROM HYMENOXON-TREATED MICE WERE NEGATIVE FOR MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY WHEN TESTED DIRECTLY AND WHEN INCUBATED WITH BETA GLUCURONIDASE.

HYMENOXONE WAS TESTED FOR GENOTOXICITY USING 6 STRAINS OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS. IT PRODUCED LETHAL DNA DAMAGE IN STRAINS RECA8 AND MC-1. EVIDENTLY, HYMENOXONE IS CAPABLE OF INDUCING REPAIRABLE DNA DAMAGE IN BACTERIA.

THE IP LD50 IN RATS WAS 16.24 MG/KG FOR HYMENOXON. THE TOXICITY OF A SESQUITERPENE LACTONE DEPENDS ON THE NUMBER OF ALKYLATING CENTERS SUCH AS CYCLOPENTENONE, ALPHA-METHYLENE-GAMMA-LACTONE, OR HEMIACETAL MOIETIES IN THE MOLECULE.

EXPTL THERAPY: ADMINISTRATION OF 2 ANTIOXIDANTS BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE (BHA), ETHOXYQUIN (EQ) AND DL-METHIONINE WITH THE DIET FOR 7 DAYS PROTECTED MICE FROM ACUTE TOXICITY OF HYMENOXON.