플루토라닐

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Rest.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Precautions for safe handling: Further processing of solid materials may result in the formation of combustible dusts. The potential for combustible dust formation should be taken into consideration before additional processing occurs. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.

Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

LC50; Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck) age 6 days; dietary >5243 ppm for 8 days

LD50; Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck) age 18 weeks; oral via capsule >2000 mg/kg /97.5% purity/

LC50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite) age 8 days; dietary >5243 ppm for 8 days /97.5% purity/

LD50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite) age 18 weeks; oral via capsule >2000 mg/kg /97.5% purity/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for Flutolanil (23 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 418 to 1340(2) indicate that flutolanil is expected to have moderate to low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of flutolanil from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(3) derived from its vapor pressure, 1.33X10-5 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 8.01 mg/L(5). Flutolanil is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Utilizing aerobic soil metabolism studies, flutolanil soil biodegradation half-lives of 190 to 320 days(2) suggest that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

FIELD STUDIES: Flutolanil is not expected to biodegrade rapidly. However, soil adsorption, slow soil biodegradation, aquatic metabolism, and dilution will aid in its dissipation in the environment; therefore, it is not considered persistent(1). Flutolanil is slowly degraded in soils, primarily by microbial processes, with reported half-lives ranging from to 190 to 320 days in flooded and upland soils(2,3).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 418 to 1340(2) indicate that flutolanil is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(3) derived from its vapor pressure, 1.33X10-5 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 8.01 mg/L(5). According to a classification scheme(6), BCF values of 9.3(2) to 270(7) suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to high(SRC). Utilizing an aquatic aerobic metabolism study, a half-life of 1 year was reported(2) suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), flutolanil, which has a vapor pressure of 1.33X10-5 mm Hg mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase flutolanil is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.5X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase flutolanil may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Flutolanil contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Flutolanil has an aqueous photolysis half-life of 277 days(5); however it is resistant to photolysis on soil(6).

Results from an agricultural product monitoring effort in Japan during April 1995 through March 2000 reported flutolanil in 4 out of 51 rice samples at concentrations less than 0.01 ug/g(1). Mean concentrations for flutolanil of 65.9, 90.8, 85.2, 92.8, 84.2, 98.8, 72.1, 92.2, 101.1, and 87.9 ppm(ug/g) were quantified in brown rice, potato, cabbage, lettuce, carrot, cucumber, shiitake mushroom, apple, strawberry, and banana, respectively. Samples were collected from retail produce sources in Japan prior to 1994(2). Flutolanil was detected in 1 out of 173 agricultural product samples from a local market in Japan at a concentration of 31.1 ng/g; dates were not provided(3).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Flutolantil is a solid. It acts against Basidiomycetes. It is used as a foliar fungicide for the control of Typhula on barley and sheath blight on rice, as well as a seed dressing against Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes and cucurbits. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Flutolanil exhibits estrogenic activities in human breast cancer cells. Negative results were seen in assays for clastogenicity in human lymphocytes. ANIMAL STUDIES: Conjunctival redness was seen in rabbits at 1 hr, and the redness was still present at 48 hr in four animals. All eyes were normal by 72 hr. Flutolanil was not carcinogenic in mice, rats and dogs. Flutolanil showed no specific reproductive effects in a two-generation study of reproductive toxicity in rats. The only sign of general toxicity, increased liver weight, occurred at similar frequency in both generations of parents. Flutolanil has been tested for genotoxicity in a range of assays in vitro and in an assay for micronuclei in bone marrow of mice treated in vivo. Negative results were seen in assays for bacterial reverse mutation, bacterial DNA repair, mammalian gene mutation, unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes, and chromosomal effects (micronucleus induction) in vivo. A weak positive result was reported in an assay for chromosomal aberration in Chinese hamster lung cells in the presence of metabolic activation. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: In D. magna flutolanil significantly reduced the size of the first brood at concentrations less than half of those for LC50 (8 days). Sublethal effects induced by flutolanil on zebrafish embryos were noted, including growth inhibition, abnormal spontaneous movement, slower heart rate, complete hatching failure, and morphological deformities. In addition, flutolanil could cause notochord deformation and short body length of larvae.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ We investigated acute and subchronic toxicities of 30 agricultural chemicals commonly used in Japan in D. magna. Acute toxicity of the agricultural chemicals was determined using the concentrations yielding 50% immobility of D. magna after 24 hr and 48 hr exposure as end points. D. magna was cultivated with the chemical and algae until the first brood production. Lethal toxicity and the number of survival broods were determined within 13 days. All insecticides among the agricultural chemicals exhibited the strongest acute toxicity (LC50 from 0.00053 to 0.037 mg/L). More than 50% of the herbicides and fungicides did not exhibit acute toxicity at 10 mg/L. Chlornitrofen, pencycuron, and fenitrothion showed significantly lower LC50 values at 8 days than at 24 hr and 48 hr. Isoprothiolane, flutolanil, and thiophanatemethyl significantly delayed the first brood at concentrations less than half of those for LC50 (8 days). Thiobencarb, iprodione, flutolanil, mepronil, and thiophanatemethyl significantly reduced the size of the first brood at concentrations less than half of those for LC50 (8 days). In this study, chlornitrofen, pencycuron, and fenitrothion were suggested to have slow-acting toxicity. Also, thiobencarb, iprodione, flutolanil, mepronil, and thiophanatemethyl were suggested to have parthenogenetic toxicity.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ In this study, we applied various developmental stages of zebrafish to address the potential environmental risk and aquatic toxicity of bromothalonil and flutolanil. This results demonstrated that the acute toxicity of bromothalonil to the three phases of zebrafish were 4.34 (embryo) <3.27 (12 hr old larvae) <2.52 mg/L (adult fish) and that of flutolanil were 5.47 (embryo) <4.09 (72 hr old larvae) <3.91 (12 hr old larvae) <2.70 mg/L (adult). Sublethal effects induced by both bromothalonil and flutolanil on zebrafish embryos were noted, including growth inhibition, abnormal spontaneous movement, slower heart rate, complete hatching failure, and morphological deformities. In addition, both bromothalonil and flutolanil could cause notochord deformation and short body length of larvae. This study provides a foundation for future investigation into the mechanism of bromothalonil and flutolanil toxicity in zebrafish.

/PLANTS/ There is growing evidence that the application of biocontrol organisms (e.g., Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-AMF) is a feasible option to reduce incidence of plant pathogens in an integrated control strategy. However, the utilization of these microorganisms, in particular AMF, may be threatened by the application of fungicides, a widely-used measure to control Rhizoctonia solani in various crops among /them,/ potato. Prior to their application, it is thus important to determine the impact of fungicides on AMF. The present study investigated, under in vitro controlled conditions, the impact of azoxystrobin (a systemic broad-spectrum fungicide), flutolanil (a systemic Basidiomycota-specific fungicide), and pencycuron (a contact Rhizoctonia-specific fungicide) and their respective formulations (Amistar, Monarch, and Monceren) on the growth and development of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 (spore germination, root colonization, extra-radical mycelium development, and spore production) at doses used to control R. solani. Results demonstrated that azoxystrobin and its formulation Amistar, at threshold values for R. solani control (estimated by the half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50, on a dry weight basis), did not affect spore germination and potato root colonization by R. irregularis, while the development of extra-radical mycelium and spore production was reduced at 10 times the threshold value. Flutolanil and its formulation Monarch at threshold value did not affect spore germination or extra-radical development but decreased root colonization and arbuscule formation. At threshold value, pencycuron and its formulation Monceren, did not affect spore germination and intra- or extra-radical development of R. irregularis. These results suggest that azoxystrobin and pencycuron do not affect the AMF at threshold concentrations to control R. solani in vitro, while flutolanil (as formulation) impacts the intraradical phase of the fungus. These fungicides and R. irregularis thus have the potential to be used in parallel against Rhizoctonia disease in potato.

EPA has released the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays/[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of December 8, 2016: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

Flutolanil

Hepatic

6 x 10 ^-2 mg/kg-day

A Koc of 418 was determined for flutolanil using soil columns with turf grass soils(1). Flutolanil has reported Koc values ranging between 457 and 1340 calculated from guideline studies using several soils such as sand, loam, clay, and sediment, and an average Koc from 10 soils of 780.7(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggests that flutolanil is expected to have moderate to low mobility in soil(SRC).

/GENOTOXICITY/ Flutolanil has been tested for genotoxicity in a range of assays in vitro and in an assay for micronuclei in bone marrow of mice treated in vivo. Negative results were seen in assays for... clastogenicity in human lymphocytes...

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ Endocrine disruptors, when absorbed into the body, interfere with the normal function by mimicking or blocking the hormone system. To investigate compounds mimicking estrogen in the drinking water source of the residence of Seoul, the Pal-dang reservoir was monitored over a period of 5 years, between 2000 and 2004. Nine kinds of pesticide (carbaryl, DBCP, diazinon, fenitrothion, fenobucarb, flutolanil, iprobenphos, isoprothiolane and parathion) were found to exist in the river water sample. These compounds were detected at low concentrations in the water samples. The total concentration and those of each of these pesticides were below the permissible limits of the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Korea. The estrogenic potencies of the nine pesticides were examined using an E-screen assay with MCF-7 BUS estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer cells, with ER-negative MDA MB 231 cell lines also used to compare the results. From this, flutolanil and isoprothiolane were confirmed to have estrogenic activities as shown by the increasing MCF-7 BUS cell growth on their addition. In addition, the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) protein, estrogen receptor-regulated progesterone receptor (PR) and pS2 mRNA levels on the addition of flutolanil and isoprothiolane were measured with MCF-7 BUS cells. It was observed that the levels of ERalpha protein decreased and those of the PR and pS2 genes increased on the addition of either flutolanil or isoprothiolane at concentrations of 1x10(-4) M, in the same manner as with the addition of 17beta-estradiol, which was used as the positive control. From these results, it was confirmed that flutolanil and isoprothiolane exhibit estrogenic activities, suggesting they might act through estrogen receptors.

Tolerances are established for residues of flutolanil, N-(3-(1-methylethoxy) phenyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, including its metabolites and degradates, in or on the commodities in the table below. Compliance with the tolerance levels specified below is to be determined by measuring only flutolanil and its metabolites converted to 2-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid and calculated as flutolanil, in or on the following commodities:[Table#6131]

Tolerances are established for the indirect or inadvertent residues of flutolanil, N-(3-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, including its metabolites and degradates, in or on the commodities in the table below. Compliance with the tolerance levels specified below is to be determined by measuring only flutolanil and its metabolites converted to 2-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid and calculated as flutolanil, in or on the following commodities.[Table#6132]

New Active Ingredients ... includes chemicals not previously registered as pesticides, as well as pesticide active ingredients initially registered after November 1, 1984 and that currently have active product registrations. By law, these pesticides must meet new safety standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 and, if new safety standards are met, will be reviewed again on a 15-year cycle. Flutolanil is designated by EPA as a New Pesticide Active Ingredient. Active Ingredient Number: 123802; Type of Pesticide: conventional pesticide; Use Site: ornamental, turf use; Year: 1987.

For flutolanil (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 128975) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the USA but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Flutolanil (announced in 1981) acts against Basidiomycetes. It is used as a foliar fungicide for the control of Typhula on barley and sheath blight on rice, as well as a seed dressing against Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes and cucurbits

Agricultural fungicide

This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.

Flutolanil is produced by reaction of 2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride with 3-isopropoxyaniline.

Preparation: K. Yabutani et al., German patent 2731522; eidem, United States of America patent 4093743 (both 1978 to Nihon Nohyaku).

Prostar 50WP (Bayer Environmental Science): Active ingredient: Flutolanil 50.3%.

Prostar 70 WP (Bayer Environmental Science): Active ingredient: Flutolanil 70.0%.

Sysstar WDG (Bayer Environmental Science): Active ingredient: Flutolanil 51.42%; Thiophanate-methyl 28.58%.

Prostar 70 WDG Fungicide (Bayer Environmental Science): Active ingredient: Flutolanil 70.0%.

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for Flutolanil (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Fungicides