칼륨 인산염

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink.

Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam as appropriate for surrounding fire and materials.

As with all fires, evacuate personnel to a safe area. Firefighters should use self-contained breathing equipment and protective clothing.

Store at 20 to 25 °C (68 to 77 °F); excursions permitted to 15 to 30 °C (59 to 86 °F).

Store in tight container as defined in the USP-NF. This material should be handled and stored per label instructions to ensure product integrity.

Potassium phosphates injection should be stored at controlled room temperature. /Potassium phosphates/

Wear approved respiratory protection, chemically compatible gloves and protective clothing. Wipe up spillage or collect spillage using high efficiency vacuum cleaner. Avoid breathing dust. Place spillage in appropriately labeled container for disposal. Wash spill site.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

As a general rule, when handling USP Reference standards avoid all contact and inhalation of dust, mist and or vapors associated with the material. Wash thoroughly after handling.

This material is assumed to be combustible. As with all dry powders it is advisable to ground mechanical equipment in contact with dry material to dissipate the potential build up of static electricity.

/Wear/ chemically compatible gloves, safety glasses or goggles and protect exposed skin.

Potassium supplements should not be administered to patients receiving potassium-sparing drugs such as amiloride, spironolactone, and triamterene. /Potassium Supplements/

Concurrent use with potassium and sodium phosphates combination or monobasic potassium phosphate may increase plasma concentrations of salicylates since salicylate excretion is decreased in acidified urine; addition of these phosphates to patients stabilized on a salicylate may lead to toxic salicylate concentrations.

Concurrent use with foods or medicines containing phosphates will decrease iron absorption because of the formation of less soluble or insoluble complexes; iron supplements should not be taken within 1 hour before or 2 hours after ingestion of phosphates. /Phosphates/

Use of potassium phosphates injection in digitalized patients with severe or complete heart block is not recommended because of possible hyperkalemia. /Phosphates/

For more Interactions (Complete) data for MONOPOTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50; Species: Capitella capitata (Polychaete worm); Conditions: static; Concentration: 2400 ug/L for 28 days

LC50; Species: Neanthes arenaceodentata (Polychaete worm); Conditions: static; Concentration: 1900 ug/L for 28 days

LC50; Species: Neanthes grubei (Polychaete); Conditions: static; Concentration: 920 ug/L for 28 days

LC50; Species: Stauronereis rudolphi (Polychaete); Conditions: static; Concentration: 2100 ug/L for 28 days

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for MONOPOTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The CIR Expert Panel concluded that the following 31 ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration in cosmetics as described in this safety assessment, when formulated to be non-irritating...Potassium Phosphate...

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

Cough.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Abdominal pain. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Nausea.

Monopotassium dihydrogenphosphate sorption was measured on soil and peat with the following results: 440 ug/g (Sceptre soil; 4.5% organic matter; 49% clay); 440 ug/g Melfort soil; 10% organic matter; 46% clay); 375 ug/g (Saskatchewan peat; characteristics not specified)(1).

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The bioavailability and clinical effects of potassium phosphate monobasic and potassium phosphate dibasic were tested in 16 parenterally fed low birth weight infants at standard (n=8) and high levels (n=8) of mineral intakes using a constant infusion of macronutrients and vitamin D in a crossover design of 2 four-day periods. With standard intakes of calcium (35 mg/kg/day) and phosphorus (30 mg/kg/day) there was no difference between the monobasic and dibasic regimens on balance data or plasma biochemical monitoring. With the use of the monobasic regimen, the mineral intakes were doubled without precipitation in the infusate. This led to increased apparent retention of both calcium and phosphorus compared with that for standard levels of mineral intake. The improvement in calcium-phosphorus balance was accompanied by more severe calciuria and by metabolic compensation for an increased acid load. In addition to the possibility of exceeding the buffering capacity of the infant, this relative acidosis could also be evidence of improved bone mineralization.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The effects of intravenous administration of potassium phosphate in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis were studied in nine children, ages 9 9/12 to 17 10/12 yr. During phosphate infusion (20--40 mEq/L of fluid), all children maintained normal serum concentrations of phosphorus. Transient hypocalcemia occurred in six and transient hypomagnesemia in five patients. One child developed carpopedal spasms refractory to intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate but responsive to intramuscular injection of magnesium sulfate. In three patients, serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone were low at the time of hypocalcemia, an observation that suggests transient hypoparathyroidism. This study indicates that the use of potassium phosphate as the sole source of potassium replacement might potentiate ketoacidosis-induced hypocalcemia through multiple mechanisms.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Adverse reactions involve the possibility of combined potassium and phosphorus intoxication from overdosage. The signs and symptoms of potassium intoxication include paresthesias of the extremities, flaccid paralysis, listlessness, mental confusion, weakness and heaviness of the legs, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, heart block, electrocardiographic abnormalities such as disappearance of P waves, spreading and slurring of the QRS complex with development of a biphasic curve and cardiac arrest. Phosphorus intoxication results in a reduction of serum calcium, and the symptoms are those of hypocalcemic tetany.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ /In potassium poisoning/ respirations are initially accelerated but skeletal muscle weakness may advance to stage of paralysis. /Potassium salts/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for MONOPOTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Potassium ... phosphate cause severe ulceration in the GI tract at a level equivalent to 1000 mg K+ ion when given to monkeys in form of a pill.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Monopotassium phosphate showed no maternal toxicity or teratogenic effects at dose levels up to 320 mg/kg bw in mice and 282 mg/kg bw in rats.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ ... Monopotassium phosphate /was/ not teratogenic in the developing chicken embryo.

/GENOTOXICITY/ Monocalcium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate and monosodium phosphate were not mutagenic in an in vitro assay using Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D4 and Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537 and TA1538 with and without the addition of mammalian metabolic activation preparation.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for MONOPOTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Potassium supplements are contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment with oliguria, anuria, or azotemia; untreated chronic adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison';s disease); the hyperkalemic form of familial periodic paralysis or other hyperkalemias; acute dehydration; heat cramps; or extensive tissue breakdown such as severe burns. /Potassium Supplements/

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Remove patient from contact with the material. Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Inorganic Bases/Alkaline Corrosives and Related Compounds/

1

PPRTV Current

4

PPRTV Current

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl potassium phosphate, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Potassium phosphates (mono, di, and tribasic) are indirect food additives for use only as components of adhesives.

Residues of potassium phosphate are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Use: buffer. Limit: none.

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is exempted from the requirement of a tolerance in or on all food commodities when applied as a fungicide in accordance with good agricultural practices.

CIR ingredient: Potassium Phosphate

Used in buffers (determination of pH, pharmaceutical production, urinary acidifier, paper processing, baking powder, and food), nutrient solutions, yeast foods, special liquid fertilizers, sonar systems and other electronic applications; [HSDB] Used as a nutritional supplement in foods, a nonlinear optical material for laser use, and in wastewater treatment; [CHEMINFO]

Pulp and Paper Processing [Category: Industry]

For monopotassium phosphate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 076413) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

In buffers for determination of pH. Pharmaceutic aid (buffering agent).

Baking powder; nutrient solutions; yeast foods; buffer and sequestrant, lab reagent.

2023: 40,000,000 - <55,000,000 lb

2023: 326,627 lb

(1976) 1.82-2.72X10+9 GRAMS (CONSUMPTION)

(1990) >10 thousand-500 thousand pounds

(1994) >10 thousand-500 thousand pounds

(1998) >10 thousand-500 thousand pounds

Adhesion/cohesion promoter

Anti-scaling agent

Potassium monophosphates are usually produced by the same process as the corresponding sodium salts, i.e., from phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide. For KH2PO4, the cheaper potassium chloride is also used instead of KOH. Various methods have been suggested for quantitative removal of the hydrogen chloride formed: use of ion exchangers, long-chain tertiary amines, or distillation with octane.

Action of phosphoric acid on potassium carbonate.

Injection, 4.4 mEq of potassium ion and 3 mM of phosphorus (provided by potassium phosphate, monobasic 224 mg and potassium phosphate, dibasic 236 mg/mL.

Grades: Technical, CP, FCC (Food Chemicals Codex)

First Choice Foliar Supreme Fungucide (Loveland Products, Inc.) Potassium phosphate, monobasic 31.1%, Sulfur 31.1%

Ekspunge (Lidochem, Inc.) Potassium phosphate, monobasic 100%

First Choice Phortress Fungicide (Loveland Products, Inc.) Potassium phosphate, monobasic 40.8%, Mono- and di- potassium salts of phosphorous acid 28.1%

Food additives

Animal Drugs -> FDA Approved Animal Drug Products (Green Book) -> Active Ingredients

Food Additives -> ACIDITY_REGULATOR; SEQUESTRANT; YEAST_FOOD -> JECFA Functional Classes

Food Additives -> ACIDITY_REGULATOR; SEQUESTRANT; YEAST_FOOD -> JECFA Functional Classes

Food Additives -> ACIDITY_REGULATOR; SEQUESTRANT; YEAST_FOOD -> JECFA Functional Classes

Food Additives -> ACIDITY_REGULATOR; SEQUESTRANT; YEAST_FOOD -> JECFA Functional Classes

Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable

Petroleum Refineries

Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:1): ACTIVE

Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:?): ACTIVE