비스무트

비스무스분 · 비스무트 · 비스무트, 원소 · 창연 · Bismuth powder · Bismuthingot · BISMUTH METAL · BISMUTH STANDARD SOLUTION

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/5359367

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.	7440-69-9
분자식	Bi
평균 분자량	208.9804 g/mol
단동위원소 질량	208.9804 g/mol
SMILES	[Bi]
InChIKey	JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID	5359367
EC No.	231-177-4
현지명	비스무트

화학 및 물리적 성질

극성 표면적	0
수소 결합 공여자 수	0
수소 결합 수용자 수	0
회전 가능 결합 수	0
무거운 원자 수	1
형식 전하	0
복잡도	0
밀도	9.78 @ 20 °C/4 °C9.8 @25 °C9.8 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Color/Form	Gray white soft metalHEXAGONAL SILVER-WHITE CRYSTALSGRAYISH WHITE WITH REDDISH TINGE AND BRIGHT METALLIC LUSTERPINKISH-SILVER, HARD, BRITTLE METAL
용해도	For more Solubility (Complete) data for BISMUTH, ELEMENTAL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.INSOL IN COLD OR HOT WATERSOL IN NITRIC ACID, AQUA REGIA, HOT SULFURIC ACIDSOL IN CONCENTRATED HYDROCHLORIC ACIDsoluble in acid solutions
끓는 점	1564 DEG +/-5 °C, 760 MM HG1564 °C @760 [mm Hg]1560 °C (lit.)
녹는점	271 °C271.3 °C271 °C (lit.)
증기압	78 mm Hg at 1266 °C7.8 mm at 1053 °C0.78 mm Hg at 893 °C78 [mm Hg] @1266 °C<0.1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Heat of Vaporization	178,632 J/mol
Physical Description	Dry PowderOther SolidLarge CrystalsGray-white, soft and brittle metal[Merck Index, 1257]
Stability/Shelf Life	SUPERFICIALLY OXIDIZED BY AIR, FREQUENTLY BECOMING IRIDESCENTWHEN HEATED IN AIR IT FORMS BISMUTH TRIOXIDE
Other Experimental Properties	POOR CONDUCTOR OF ELECTRICITYHAS GREATEST HALL EFFECT OF ANY METAL, THAT IS, ITS RESISTANCE INCREASES WHEN PLACED IN A MAGNETIC FIELDTHERMAL CONDUCTIVITY (0.018 CAL/SEC/CC @ 250 °C) IS LOWEST OF ALL METALS EXCEPT MERCURYEXPANDS 3.32% ON SOLIDIFICATIONATOMIC NUMBER: 83For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for BISMUTH, ELEMENTAL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
저장 조건	no restrictions.
물리적 상태	shot
비중	9.80
색상	은백색 또는 빨간색
Flame Color	Azure blue
용해도	불용성
비열	Cp(crystal): 0.12 J/(g·K)Cp(gas): 0.1 J/(g·K), at 25℃
Merck	13,1256
안정성	안정적인. 강산, 강산화제, 니트로실 플루오라이드, 용융 질산암모늄, 할로겐간 화합물, 염소와 호환되지 않습니다. 미세하게 분할된 분말은 가연성이 높습니다.
InChI	1S/Bi
InChIKey	JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	[Bi]
Hardness, Brinell	7
Modulus of Elasticity	31.7 GPa
Poissons Ratio	0.33
Shear Modulus	11.9 GPa, Calculated
NIST	Bismuth(7440-69-9)
EPA	Bismuth (7440-69-9)

화학적 성질

Bismuth is the fifth element in the nitrogen group, and its properties are the most metal-likeof the five. Elemental bismuth is a heavy, brittle, hard metal that can be polished to a brightgray-white coat with a pinkish hue. It is not found in this state very often because it is more likelyto be combined with other metals and minerals, such as tin, lead, iron and cadmium. These aremixtures with low melting points, making them useful in fire-detection devices. When heated in air, bismuth burns with a blue flame, giving off clouds of its yellow oxide.Bismuth’s melting point is 271.40°C, its boiling point is 1,564°C, and its density is 9.807 g/cm3.

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류	Not ClassifiedReported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria by 324 of 382 companiesAggregated GHS information provided per 382 reports by companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 324 of 382 reports by companies.There are 4 notifications provided by 58 of 382 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.DangerH370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]P260, P264, P270, P308+P316, P319, P321, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
규제 정보	Chemical: BismuthBismuth is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Bismuth are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 24-01-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14679Status: Active Update: 03-02-2016 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/16865Bismuth: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
기타 안전 정보	IMAP assessments - Bismuth: Human health tier I assessment
화재 가능성	POWDERED BISMUTH BURNS SPONTANEOUSLY IN GASEOUS CHLORINE. WITH LIQUID CHLORINE, BISMUTH IGNITES @ 80 °C.FLAMMABLE IN POWDER FORM
유해성 요약	Bismuth is a hepatotoxic agent. [Zimmerman, p. 4] Ingestion of high doses of bismuth may cause stomatitis, hyperpigmentation of oral mucosa, kidney dysfunction, myoclonus, and encephalopathy. [Ford, p. 740] Elemental bismuth is nontoxic. Bismuth salts are toxic after ingestion. In cases of acute poisoning after ingestion, patients suffer abdominal pain and acute renal failure. In cases of chronic poisoning after repeated ingestion of medications containing bismuth, encephalopathy has been reported. Lipid soluble, organic compounds such as bismuth subsalicylate and bismuth subgallate are toxic to the CNS

용도

출처

Bismuth is the 70th most abundant element, and it is widely spread over the Earth’s crust, butin very small amounts. There are no major concentrated sources. It occurs both in the free elementalstate and in several ores. The major ore, bismuthinite (B2S3), is found in South America.The United States gets most of its bismuth as a by-product from smelting ores of lead,silver, copper, and gold. It is also recovered from the refining of tin and tungsten ores.

용도

Bismuth is used to make the drugs such as Pepto-Bismol for upset stomachs and diarrheaand in medicine to treat intestinal infections. Bismuth is used in the cosmetics industry toprovide the “shine” for lipsticks, eye shadow, and other products.It is added to steel and other metals as an alloy to make the metals easier to roll, press, pullinto wires, and turn on a lathe. It is also used in the semiconductor industry and to makepermanent magnets.Bismuth is similar to antimony in that it expands from the molten liquid state to the solidstate. This property makes it an excellent material to pour into molds and can produce finedetails in whatever is being molded, such as metallic printing type and similar fine castings.

일반 설명

All foils are mounted on a permanent support which cannot be removed without damaging the foil.