질산칼륨

용도1) 염화칼륨의 뜨거운 수용액에 질산나트륨(칠레 초석)을 첨가하여 복분해에 의해 생긴 염화나트륨의 결정을 분리하고 용액을 냉각하면 질산칼륨이 석출된다. 수용액에서 재결정에 의해 정제한다. 2) 탄산칼륨 또는 수산화칼륨을 질산에 용해하여 제조한다.

용도1) 흑색 화약, 성냥, 불꽃 등의 화공품의 제조. 2) 유리, 유약의 원료, 유리의 청정제(특히 아비산과 함께 사용하여 그 청정 작용을 조장한다). 3) 열처리제(매용제라고도 한다). 4) 한제 및 육류의 색깔 고정제. 5) 산화제. 6) 의약(6국 기재. 이뇨, 발한, 소염약. 용량 : 1회 0.3g, 1일 1g 내복). 7) 분석 시약.

개요Potassium nitrate is a solid, colorless, crystalline ionic compound that exists as the mineral niter.Potassium nitrate is also known as saltpeter. The name saltpeter comes from the Latin sal petrae, meaning salt of stone or salt of Petra. he term saltpeter or Chilean saltpeter is also used for sodium nitrate, NaNO3.

역사Saltpeter’s most prominent use in human history is as the principal ingredient in gunpowder.The potassium nitrate used in gunpowder was originally obtained from natural mineral deposits of niter. Small quantities formed as efflorescence deposits on damp stone walls were identified as early as 2000 b.c.e. in Sumerian writings. As the use of black powder expanded with the development of weapons, the demand for saltpeter exceeded supply. This was exacerbated during times of war. To meet the demand for saltpeter to produce black powder, a saltpeter industry developed that followed prescribed methods to produce large quantities of saltpeter. The method depended on processing dirt obtained from areas where nitrates would naturally form. These were areas in which animal waste had accumulated such as the dirt floors of barns, stables, herding pens, caves, or cellars. The ammonia compounds in the urine and fecal wastes in these areas underwent nitrifi cation to produce nitrates, which combined with potassium in the soil to form saltpeter.

용도Potassium Nitrate is a preservative and color fixative in meats which exists as colorless prisms or white granules or powder. it has a solubility of 1 g in 3 ml of water at 25°c. see nitrate.

일반 설명A white to dirty gray crystalline solid. Water soluble. Noncombustible, but accelerates the burning of combustible materials. If large quantities are involved in fire or the combustible material is finely divided an explosion may result. May explode under prolonged exposure to heat or fire. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Used in solid propellants, explosives, fertilizers.