아포몰핀

아포몰핀 · 아포몰핀및그염류 · 아포모르핀 · Apomorphin · apomorphine · Apormorphine · ApoMorphine-d3 · Apomorphine 13C D3

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.	41372-20-7
분자식	C17H17NO2
평균 분자량	267.32 g/mol
단동위원소 질량	267.12592878 g/mol
SMILES	CN1CCc2cccc3c2[C@H]1Cc1ccc(O)c(O)c1-3
InChIKey	VMWNQDUVQKEIOC-CYBMUJFWSA-N
PubChem CID	6005
ChEMBL	CHEMBL53
ChEBI	CHEBI:48538
EC No.	200-360-0
DTXSID	DTXSID8022614
현지명	아포몰핀

화학 및 물리적 성질

XLogP	2.3
극성 표면적	43.7
수소 결합 공여자 수	2
수소 결합 수용자 수	3
회전 가능 결합 수	0
무거운 원자 수	20
형식 전하	0
복잡도	374
의약품	DEA NFLIS-Drug Category -> NarcoticsPharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15
LogP(분배 계수)	log Kow = 2.303.1
Color/Form	Hexagonal plates from chloroform+petroleum etherrods from ether
용해도	MINUTE, WHITE OR GRAYISH WHITE, GLISTENING CRYSTALS OR WHITE POWDERODORLESSSOLN ARE NEUTRAL TO LITMUSLEVOROTATORY IN DIL ACID1 G SOL IN 50 ML WATER, IN ABOUT 50 ML ALCOHOL, & IN ABOUT 20 ML WATER @ 80 °CPPT BY TANNIC ACID & OTHER ALKALOIDAL PRECIPITANTS & DECOMP BY OXIDIZING AGENTS. /HCL/Sol in alcohol, acetone, chloroformslightly sol in water, benzene, ether, petroleum etherSlightly soluble in hydrochloric acid, ligandsoluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform, alkaliesIn water, 1.66X10+4 mg/L at 16 °C5.10e-01 g/L수용성 염기 (약간 용해됨), DMSO (약간 용해됨)
Human Drugs	BreastfeedingLactationMilk, HumanAntiparkinson AgentsDopamine AgentsDopamine AgonistsEmeticsGastrointestinal AgentsPharmaceuticals
Animal Drugs	Pharmaceuticals -> UK Veterinary Medicines Directorate List
Decomposition	When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of nitroxides.
녹는점	195 °C (decomposes)MP: 127-128 °Cspecific optical rotation: -88 deg at 24 °C/D (c = 1.12 in 0.1 N HCl) /Diacetate ester/195°C (rough estimate)
Optical Rotation	Small crystals (usually hemihydrate). Decomposes and turn green on exposure to light and air. Specific optical rotation -48 deg at 25 °C/D ( c = 1.2). pH of aqueous solution (1 in 300) = 4.8One gram dissolves in 50 mL water, 17 mL water at 80 °C, 50 mL alcohol. Very slightly soluble in chloroform and ether. /Hydrochloride/
Physical Description	Solid
Stability/Shelf Life	The drug is unstable in solution and must be prepared just prior to use ...
Dissociation Constants	pKb: 7.0pKa: 8.92
끓는 점	410.51°C (rough estimate)
밀도	1.0690 (rough estimate)
굴절률	1.5400 (estimate)
pKa(산도 계수)	7.0, 8.92(at 25℃)
물리적 상태	고체
색상	백색의 결정성 알칼로이드
용해도	20g/L(25℃)
안정성	흡습성

화학적 성질

Alkaloid; white crystalline mass; turns green on exposure; weakly soluble in water.

안전 및 규제

FDA 요건	The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl apomorphine hydrochloride, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. /Apomorphine hydrochloride/
처리 방법	SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
상호 작용	Based on reports of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness when apomorphine was administered with ondansetron, the concomitant use of apomorphine with drugs of the 5HT3 antagonist class (including, for example, ondansetron, granisetron , dolasetron, palonosetron, and alosetron) is contraindicated.Potential pharmacologic interaction (additive sedative and hypotensive effects) with alcohol. Potential pharmacologic interaction with CNS depressants (additive sedative effects).Hypotensive Agents and Vasodilators: Potential pharmacologic interaction (additive hypotensive effects)use with caution. Hypotension, myocardial infarction, pneumonia, serious falls, and bone and joint injuries reported more frequently in patients receiving concomitant antihypertensive drugs or vasodilators. The mechanism underlying many of these events is unknown, but may be associated with hypotension.Potential pharmacologic interaction (reduced efficacy of apomorphine) when apomorphine is used with certain antipsychotic agents (e.g., phenothiazines, butyrophenones, thioxanthenes) or metoclopramide. Patients with major psychosis receiving certain antipsychotic agents (e.g., phenothiazines, butyrophenones, thioxanthenes) should receive dopamine agonists only if benefit outweighs risk.For more Interactions (Complete) data for APOMORPHINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Hepatotoxicity	Apomorphine has not been reported to cause serum aminotransferase elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury, but its use has been limited and is typically given in low doses for a limited period of time. Thus, if apomorphine causes liver injury it must be rare.
노출 경로	100% following subcutaneous administration
독성 요약	The precise mechanism of action of apomorphine as a treatment for Parkinson's disease is unknown, although it is believed to be due to stimulation of post-synaptic dopamine D2-type receptors within the brain. Apomorphine has been shown to improve motor function in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. In particular, apomorphine attenuates the motor deficits induced by lesions in the ascending nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway with the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in primates.

용도

To treat acute poisoning; in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism; a weak sensitizer and a powerful emetic.