Adapalene

6.917

8.6

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 9.1% (1 of 11) of reports.

Warning

H302 (18.2%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]；H315 (72.7%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]；H317 (54.5%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]；H319 (72.7%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]；H335 (18.2%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]；H361 (81.8%): Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 11 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.；Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 11 reports by companies.；There are 6 notifications provided by 10 of 11 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).；Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

D10AD03

D - Dermatologicals；D10 - Anti-acne preparations；D10A - Anti-acne preparations for topical use；D10AD - Retinoids for topical use in acne；D10AD03 - Adapalene

QD - Dermatologicals；QD10 - Anti-acne preparations；QD10A - Anti-acne preparations for topical use；QD10AD - Retinoids for topical use in acne；QD10AD03 - Adapalene

Adapalene is anticomedogenic, preventing the formation of new comedones and inflammatory lesions, and also acts to reduce inflammation by modulating the innate immune response. Like other retinoid compounds, adapalene is chemically stable but photosensitive; use with sunscreen is recommended. Minor skin irritations, including erythema, scaling, dryness, and stinging/burning, have been reported.

Adapalene is used for the treatment/maintenance of mild-to-severe acne (acne vulgaris). Acne is a multifactorial condition, and evidence exists to support multiple mechanisms of action for adapalene. Adapalene binds to retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-beta and RAR-gamma; this complex subsequently binds to one of three retinoid X receptors (RXRs), which as a complex is capable of binding DNA to modulate transcriptional activity. Although the full extent of transcriptional modulation is not described, retinoid activation is generally known to affect cellular proliferation and differentiation, and adapalene has been shown to inhibit HeLa cell proliferation and human keratinocyte differentiation. These effects primarily account for adapalene's comedolytic and anticomedogenic properties. In addition, adapalene modulates the immune response by down-regulating toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) expression and inhibiting the transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP-1). TLR-2 recognizes _Cutibacterium acnes_ (formerly _Propionibacterium acnes_), the bacterium primarily associated with acne. TLR-2 activation causes nuclear translocation of AP-1 and downstream pro-inflammatory gene regulation. Therefore, adapalene has a general anti-inflammatory effect, which reduces inflammation-mediated acne symptoms. When used with benzoyl peroxide, which possesses free radical-mediated bactericidal effects, the combination acts synergistically to reduced comedones and inflammatory lesions.