| GHS 분류 | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 7.1% (22 of 309) of reports.DangerH318 (88.3%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]P264+P265, P280, P305+P354+P338, and P317 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 309 reports by companies from 16 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. |
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| 규제 정보 | Chemical: 3,4-Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-, hydrochlorideRegulation (EC) No 1831/2003 (amended)Status: Active Update: 16-07-2020 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/17066Pyridoxine hydrochloride: Non hazardous |
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| 화재 위험 | Flash point data for this chemical are not available. It is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992) |
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| 건강 유해성 | SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include drowsinesslethargyfatiguedisorientationdizzinessunsteady gaittinnitusheadacheblurred visionnervousnesstremorsirritabilityepigastric painnauseavomitingdiarrhea and/or constipationdry mouthpalpitationshallucinationshypnosiscoma and seizures. (NTP, 1992) |
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| 유해성 요약 | Causes convulsions, excitement, other liver changes, and multiple enzyme effects in acute oral studies of rats[RTECS] Excessive, chronic ingestion (2-5 g/d for several months) can cause peripheral neuropathy[Olson, p. 446] May cause irritation[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] |
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| FDA 요건 | Manufacturers, packers, and distributors of drug and drug products for human use are responsible for complying with the labeling, certification, and usage requirements as prescribed by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended (secs 201-902, 52 Stat. 1040 et seq., as amended21 U.S.C. 321-392).The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl pyridoxine hydrochloride, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 and 507 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).Pyridoxine hydrochloride used as a nutrient and/or dietary supplement in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice. |
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| 반응성 그룹 | Acids, Carboxylic |
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| Reactivity Profile | A mixture of esters and amines. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. |
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| Air and Water Reactions | Slightly soluble in water. |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Eye Dam. 1 (88.3%) |
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| Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities | Pyridoxine hydrochloride is incompatible with alkaline solutions, iron salts, and oxidizing agents. |
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| 소화 | Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992) |
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| 응급 처치 | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. |
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| 보관 조건 | Pyridoxine hydrochloride preparations should be protected from light & stored in well-closed containers at a temperature < 40 degrees C, preferably between 15-30 degrees Cfreezing of the injection should be avoided. |
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| 비화재 누출 대응 | SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. |
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| 처리 방법 | SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. |
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| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is stored, weighed and diluted, wear an approved half face respirator equipped with a combination cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) and a high efficiency particulate filter. (NTP, 1992) |
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| 체내 부담 | Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine are readily absorbed from the GI tract following oral administrationhowever, GI absorption may be diminished in patients with malabsorption syndromes or following gastric resection. Normal serum concentrations of pyridoxine are 30-80 ng/ml.Vitamin B6 is stored mainly in the liver with lesser amounts in muscle & brain. The total body store of vitamin B6 is estimated to be about 167 mg. Pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate, the principal forms of the vitamin present in blood, are highly protein bound. Pyridoxal crosses the placenta, & plasma concn in the fetus are 5 times > maternal plasma concn. The concn of vitamin B6 in milk is about 150 240 mg/mL following maternal intake of 2.5 5 mg of vitamin B6 daily. Following maternal intake of < 2.5 mg of vitamin B6 daily, vitamin B6 concn in milk averages 130 mg/mL.Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is excreted in human breast milk. Concn in milk are directly proportional to intake. In well nourished women, pyridoxine levels varied, depending on intake, from 123-314 ng/ml. Peak pyridoxine milk levels occurred 3-8 hours after ingestion of a vitamin supplement. /Pyridoxine/ |
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| Treatment | Administer charcoal as a slurry. (T273) |
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| 상호 작용 | ... ANTAGONISM /OF PYRIDOXINE VITAMIN ACTIVITY/ IS POSSIBLE DURING TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION WITH DRUG HYDRALAZINE. /PYRIDOXINE/... CONCURRENT ADMIN DOES NOT APPEAR TO ALTER CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF ISONIAZID IN ERADICATING TUBERCLE BACILLI IN HUMANS. ... PYRIDOXINE SHOULD NOT BE WITHHELD WHEN INDICATED IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ISONIAZID. /PYRIDOXINE/CONCURRENT USE OF CARBIDOPA, PERIPHERAL DOPA DECARBOXYLASE INHIBITOR, PREVENTS LEVODOPA-INHIBITING EFFECTS OF PYRIDOXINE & CARBIDOPA-LEVODOPA COMBINATION PRODUCT IS RECOMMENDED FOR PATIENTS WHO ARE RECEIVING PYRIDOXINE SUPPLEMENTATION. /PYRIDOXINE/SINGLE SC INJECTIONS OF EACH OF 5 SUBSTITUTED HYDRAZINES TO SWISS MICE: CONVULSIVE, TOXIC & LETHAL EFFECTS OF METHYLHYDRAZINE, ETHYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE , N-BUTYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE & BETA-N-[GAMMA-L(+)-GLUTAMYL]-4-HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYLHYDRAZINE PREVENTED BY PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE.For more Interactions (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 노출 경로 | Oralparenteral (intramuscular).
The B vitamins are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, except in malabsorption syndromes. Pyridoxine is absorbed mainly in the jejunum. |
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| Milk Concentrations | Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is excreted in human breast milk. Concn in milk are directly proportional to intake. In well nourished women, pyridoxine levels varied, depending on intake, from 123-314 ng/ml. Peak pyridoxine milk levels occurred 3-8 hours after ingestion of a vitamin supplement. /Pyridoxine/ |
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| 독성 요약 | Vitamin B6 is the collective term for a group of three related compounds, pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL) and pyridoxamine (PM), and their phosphorylated derivatives, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). Although all six of these compounds should technically be referred to as vitamin B6, the term vitamin B6 is commonly used interchangeably with just one of them, pyridoxine. Vitamin B6, principally in its biologically active coenzyme form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, is involved in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and glycogen, the synthesis of nucleic acids, hemogloblin, sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Toxic effects include convulsions, dyspnea, hypermotility, diarrhea, ataxia and muscle weakness. |
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| Natural Pollution Sources | One of vitamins of B6 complex ... present in many foodstuffsesp good sources are yeast, liver and cereals.PYRIDOXINE IS PRESENT IN PLANT SOURCES SUCH AS WHOLE GRAIN CEREALS, PEANUTS & CORN. /PYRIDOXINE/Present in many foods including cereal grains, legumes. ... Vegetables, liver, meat, and eggs. |
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| Human Toxicity Excerpts | NO TOXIC EFFECTS CAUSED BY PYRIDOXINE HAVE BEEN REPORTED CLINICALLY FOLLOWING IV DOSES OF 200 MG OR ORAL DOSES OF 300 MG DAILY.Pyridoxine can cause sensory neuropathy or neuropathic syndrome when given in doses exceeding 50 mg to 2g daily over prolonged periods. The initial findings are unstable gait and numb feet, followed by numbness and awkwardness of the hands and perioral numbness. /Pyridoxine/Pyridoxine is usually nontoxichowever, chronic administration of large dosages has been associated with adverse neurologic effects. Nausea, headache, paresthesia, somnolence, and increased serum AST (SGOT) and decreased serum folic acid concentrations have been reported. Burning or stinging at the injection site may occur following im or subcutaneous injection of pyridoxine. Seizures have occurred following iv administration of very large doses. Allergic reactions have been reported occasionally in patients receiving the vitamin.The use of large doses of pyridoxine during pregnancy has been implicated in pyridoxine-dependency seizures in neonates.For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
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| Drug Induced Liver Injury | Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)Pyridoxine hydrochloridevNo-DILI-concernNo matchDOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015 |
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| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | EXTREMELY LARGE DOSES IN RANGE OF 2 TO 6 G/KG PRODUCE CONVULSIONS & DEATH IN RATS & MICE. /PYRIDOXINE/FEMALE RATS INJECTED WITH 50 MG PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IP: PREVENTED NORMAL SECRETION OF PROLACTIN. MAY BE DUE TO DIRECT EFFECT ON PITUITARYIT DECR PROLACTIN RISE AFTER ALPHA-METHYL-PARA-TYROSINE &/OR THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE.PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (20-80 MG/KG/DAY, ORALLY) GIVEN TO PREGNANT RATS ON DAY 6-15 OF GESTATION DID NOT CAUSE ANY MATERNAL TOXICITY OR UNUSUAL NUMBERS OF DEAD FETUSES, RESORPTIONS, OR FETAL ANOMALIES.BEAGLE DOGS GIVEN PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE ORALLY @ DOSE OF 150 MG/KG/DAY FOR APPROX 100 DAYS DEVELOPED ATAXIA & HAD SPASTIC, DYSMETRIC LEG MOVEMENTS, DEGENERATION & LOSS OF AXONS IN DORSAL FUNICULUS OF SPINAL CORD, LOSS OF AXONS & MYELINS & SECONDARY CHANGES OF MYELIN SHEATHS.For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 수질 위해 등급(WGK) | 3 |
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| RTECS 번호 | UV1300000 |
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| 위험 문구(R) | 36/37/38 |
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| 위험 표시 | Xi |
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| 안전 문구(S) | 26-36 |
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