베라트라민

CRYSTALS

NEEDLES

SLIGHTLY SOL IN WATER; SOL IN METHANOL, ALC

SOL IN BENZENE, CHLOROFORM, DIL ACID; INSOL IN DIL ALKALI

Warning

H302 (90.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 42 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Emergency treatment: Plants- veratrum alkaloids; Excessive amounts can cause death by central respiratory depression; [HSDB] Veratrum alkaloids (e.g., black snakeroot, false hellebore, and skunk cabbage) cause gastroenteritis, bradycardia, paresthesias, AV block, and syncope;; [Olson, p. 376-92]

A REVIEW WITH MANY REF OF VERATRAMIN AND ITS ABILITY TO ANTAGONIZE SELECTIVELY THE POS CHRONOTROPIC ACTION OF SYMPATHOMIMETIC AMINES AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.[KRAYER O; ON THE ANTIACCELERATOR ACTIVITY OF VERATRAMINE WITH SOME REMINISCENCES ON THE ANTECEDENTS OF ITS DISCOVERY; DOSTIZH SOVREM FARMAKOL 59-70 (1976)]

Veratramine produces a characteristic excitatory action on the central nervous system, producing both tremor and a characteristic "struggling" behavior. This behavioral excitation is accompanied by changes in serotonin content in hypothalamus. The central serotonin agonist methysergide in doses of 5--15 mg per kg produces a dose-dependent inhibition of veratramine's action, while parachlorophenylalanine has no effect. (A15440)

SECONDARY BASE FROM VERATRUM GRANDIFLORUM (MAXIM) LOES F, & FROM V VIRIDE AIT, LILIACEAE. ISOLATION & STRUCTURE: SAITO, BULL CHEM SOC JAPAN 15, 22 (1940); JACOBS, CRAIG, J BIOL CHEM 160, 555 (1945)...TOTAL SYNTHESIS: MASAMUNE ET AL, J AM CHEM SOC 89, 4521 (1967)...

SIGNS OF POISONING WITH VERATRINE & RELATED ALKALOIDS ARE SALIVATION, PURGATION, VOMITING...DIURESIS, EXCITABILITY FOLLOWED BY PROSTRATION, WEAK & IRREGULAR PULSE, DEEP & SLOW RESPIRATIONS, & DEATH IN CONVULSIONS OR CONSEQUENT UPON PARALYSIS. /VERATRINE & RELATED ALKALOIDS/

IN MICE, VERATRAMINE PRODUCED A CHARACTERISTIC EXCITATORY ACTION ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, PRODUCING BOTH TREMOR AND A CHARACTERISTIC STRUGGLING BEHAVIOR. THIS BEHAVIORAL EXCITATION WAS ACCOMPANIED BY CHANGES IN SEROTONIN CONTENT IN HYPOTHALAMUS.

THE CHRONOTROPIC ACTION OF VERATRAMINE IN CULTURED RAT CARDIAC CELLS DID NOT APPEAR TO INVOLVE RECEPTOR MECHANISMS.

IN ANESTHETIZED VAGOTOMIZED DOGS, VERATRAMINE RESTORED HEART RATE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR PRESSURE TO CONTROL LEVELS AFTER GLUCAGON HAD SIGNIFICANTLY INCR BOTH PARAMETERS. HOWEVER, CONTINUATION OF THE GLUCAGON INFUSION AFTER VERATRAMINE LED TO A LIMITED BUT SIGNIFICANT INCR IN HEART RATE AND PRESSURE. ADDITIONAL EXPT INDICATED THAT VERATRAMINE BLOCKS THE CHRONOTROPIC, BUT NOT THE INOTROPIC, ACTION OF GLUCAGON.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for VERATRAMINE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

THE EFFECTS OF VERATRAMINE ON TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIALS OF THE ISOLATED RIGHT ATRIAL PREPN OF THE CAT WERE EXAMINED. VERATRAMINE SLOWED THE SPONTANEOUS RATE & PPTD A CHARACTERISTIC RHYTHM CONSISTING OF ALTERNATING PERIODS OF ASYSTOLE & NORMAL ATRIAL RHYTHM (PERIODIC RHYTHM). AFTER LARGE DOSES OR CONTINUED EXPOSURE TO LOW DOSES OF VERATRAMINE, ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL ACTIVITY OF THE ATRIA CEASED; SUBSEQUENTLY ACTIVITY RESUMED ONLY IN A DISCRETE AREA WITHIN WHICH ACTION POTENTIALS WERE CONSISTENT WITH PACEMAKER CHARACTERISTICS.

L-ETHOMOXANE HYDROCHLORIDE CAUSED 1/30TH & BETWEEN 1/10 & 1/20TH OF THE NEGATIVE CHRONOTROPIC EFFECT INDUCED BY VERATRAMINE ON THE DOG HEART-LUNG PREPN & ON THE ISOLATED GUINEA PIG ATRIUM, RESPECTIVELY.

Secondary base in plants of the veratrum genus; [Merck Index]

Veratramine is a hypotensive alkaloid isolated from the rhizomes of Veratrum.