아닐린
아닐린 · 벤젠아민 · 아니빔BENZAMINE · 아닐린오일 · 아미노펜 · 청색오일 · 페닐아민 · 아미노벤젠
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 18960-62-8 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | C6H7N |
| 평균 분자량 | 93.13 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 93.05784923 g/mol |
| SMILES | Nc1ccccc1 |
| InChIKey | PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 6115 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL538 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:17296 |
| EC No. | 200-539-3 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID8020090 |
| 현지명 | 아닐린 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| XLogP | 0.9 |
|---|---|
| 극성 표면적 | 26 |
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 1 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 1 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 0 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 7 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 46 |
| pH | pH = 8.1 (0.2 molar aq soln)8.8 (36g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| LogP(분배 계수) | 0.9log Kow = 0.900.94 |
| 냄새 | Hedonic tonepungentAromatic amine-like odor.0.6~10ppm에서 달콤한 아민 같은 냄새가 감지됩니다. |
| 맛 | Burning tasteDetection threshold 7.0X10+1 ppm (medium: watermodality: tastesample purity: chemically pure)Detection threshold 4.61X10-5 ppm (medium: watersample purity: not specified) |
| 밀도 | 1.022 at 68 °F (EPA, 1998) - Denser than waterwill sink1.0217 at 20 °C/20 °CRelative density (water = 1): 1.021.022 @ 20°C1.022 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Viscosity | 4.35 cP at 20 °C1.62 cP at 60 °C |
| Color/Form | Oily liquidcolorless when freshly distilled, darkens on exposure to air and lightColorless with a bluish fluorescence when freshly distilledColorless to brown, oily liquid [Note: A solid below 21 °F] |
| 용해도 | 10 to 50 mg/mL at 73 °F (NTP, 1992)36000In water, 36,000 mg/L at 25 °C3.5 parts/100 parts water at 25 °C6.4 parts/100 parts water at 90 °COne gram dissolves in 28.6 mL water, 15.7 mL boiling waterSoluble in water물에 용해 |
| 인화점 | 158 °F (EPA, 1998)70 °C70 °C (158 °F) - closed cup169 °F (76 °C) - Closed cup76 °C c.c. |
| 끓는 점 | 363 to 367 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)184.1184.1 °C184.00 to 185.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg184 °C363 °F184 °C (lit.) |
| Decomposition | Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions - Carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides (NOx).When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.Decomposes above 190 °C . This produces toxic and corrosive fumes of nitrogen oxides and ammonia and flammable vapors. |
| 녹는점 | 21 °F (EPA, 1998)-6-6.0 °C-6 °C-6 °C (lit.) |
| 증기 밀도 | 3.22 (185 °C, vs air) |
| 증기압 | 0.7 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| 굴절률 | n20/D 1.586(lit.) |
| 저장 조건 | 2-8°C |
| 물리적 상태 | 액체 |
| pKa(산도 계수) | 4.63(at 25℃) |
| 색상 | APHA: ≤250 |
| 비중 | 1.021 |
| 폭발한계 | 1.2-11%(V) |
| 용해도 | 36g/L(20℃) |
| 비열 | Cp(liquid): 2.06 J/(g·K)Cp(gas): 1.16 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,659 |
| BRN | 605631 |
| 헨리 상수 | 1.91 at 25 °C (thermodynamic method-GC/UV spectrophotometry, Altschuh et al., 1999) |
| 유전율 | 7.8(0℃) |
| 안정성 | 안정적인. 산화제, 염기, 산, 철 및 철염, 아연, 알루미늄과 호환되지 않습니다. 빛에 민감합니다. 타기 쉬운. |
| 주요 응용 | 환경 |
| InChI | 1S/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,7H2 |
| InChIKey | PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | Nc1ccccc1 |
| LogP(분배 계수) | 0.900 |
| 표면장력 | 47.9mN/m at 298.15K |
| NIST | Aniline(62-53-3) |
| EPA | Aniline (62-53-3) |
화학적 성질
Aniline,C6H5NH2, is slightly soluble in water,miscible in alcohol and ether,and turns yellow to brown in air. Aniline may be made(1) by the reduction, with iron or tin in HCI, of nitrobenzene, and(2) by the amination of chlorobenzene by heating with ammonia to a high temperature corresponding to a pressure of over 200 atmospheres in the presence of a catalyst(a mixture of cuprous chlorideandoxide).Aniline is the end point of reduction of most mononitrogen substituted benzene nuclei,as nitro benzene beta-phenyl hydroxylamine, azoxybenzene, azobenzene, hydrazobenzene. Aniline is detected by the violet coloration produced by a small amountof sodium hypochlorite. Aniline is used as a solvent, in the preparation of compound in the manufacture of dyes and their intermediates, and in the manufacture of medicinal chemicals.
안전 및 규제
| GHS 분류 | DangerH301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]H372 **: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]P203, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (1 of 1662) of reports. |
|---|---|
| 규제 정보 | Chemical: BenzenamineHazard Traits - CarcinogenicityImmunotoxicityRespiratory ToxicityAuthoritative List - CA TACsIARC Carcinogens - 2AIRIS Carcinogens - B2Prop 65Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the productCommission Regulation No 844/2012Benzenamine is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Benzenamine are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 13-10-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15333Status: Cease Manufacture Update: 23-03-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23054Benzenamine: HSNO Approval: HSR000976 Approved with controls |
| 기타 안전 정보 | IMAP assessments - Benzenamine: Environment tier II assessmentIMAP assessments - Benzenamine: Human health tier II assessment |
용도
용도
아닐린은 다음과 같은 용도로 사용된다. 용매: 구두약, 향료의 제조 원료. 우레탄 중합체의 원료. 제초제, 살충제, 곰팡이 제거제의 원료. 알루미늄, 크롬(III), 철(III), 납 등의 정량 시약.
개요
First produced in 1826 by Otto Unverdorben through destructive distillation of indigo, the first industrial use was as a purple dye, Mauveine, formulated by William Henry Perkin accidentally in an attempt to isolate quinone. The name aniline was given in deference to the indigoyielding plant, Indigofera suffruticosa, commonly named anil.
용도
A thin, colorless oil prepared by reducing benzene with iron filings in the presence of hydrochloric or acetic acid and then separating the aniline formed by distillation. It is slightly soluble in water but dissolves easily in alcohol, ether, and benzene. Aniline is the base for many dyes used to increase the sensitivity of emulsions.
일반 설명
A yellowish to brownish oily liquid with a musty fishy odor. Melting point -6°C; boiling point 184°C; flash point 158°F. Denser than water (8.5 lb / gal) and slightly soluble in water. Vapors heavier than air. Toxic by skin absorption and inhalation. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Used to manufacture other chemicals, especially dyes, photographic chemicals, agricultural chemicals and others.
제조 및 합성 방법
생산 방법
Aniline was obtained in 1826 by Unverdorben from distillation of indigo and was given the name aniline in 1841 by Fritzsche (Windholz et al 1983). The chemical was manufactured in the U. S. by the Bechamp reaction involving reduction of nitrobenzene in the presence of either copper/silica or hydrochloric acid/ferrous chloride catalysts; but in 1966, amination of chlorobenzene with ammonia was introduced (IARC 1982; Northcott 1978). Currently, aniline is produced in the U.S., several European countries and Japan by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in either the vapor phase or solvent system. This chemical is also produced by reacting phenol with ammonia (HSDB 1989). Production in 1982 amounted to 331,000 tons (HSDB 1989).