L-Arginine

-4.2

log Kow = -4.20

-4.20

182000

Insoluble in ethyl ether; slightly soluble in ethanol

In water, 1.82X10+5 mg/l @ 25 °C

182 mg/mL at 25 °C

Soluble in water; Insoluble in ether

Slightly soluble (in ethanol)

244

244 °C

222 °C

Solid; [Merck Index] White powder; [Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]

Solid

White crystals or crystalline powder; odourless

Positive

3.03

2.7

Agilent XCT

Electrospray ionization

formic acid (5.3nM)

2.24 (at 0 °C)

pK1= 2.18; pK2= 9.09; pK3= 13.2

pKa = 2.24

136.6 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]；148.6 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]；136.4 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]

137.63 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]；141.2 Ų [M+K]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]；135.01 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

147.8 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: stepped-field]；132.24 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT; Method: stepped-field]

136.4 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]

138.03 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT; Method: stepped-field]；136.84 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: stepped-field]

133 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine]

Contains 2 mol water; anhydrous from 66% alcohol; aq soln absorb carbon dioxide from air. The saturated aq soln contains 15% (w/w) at 21 °C.

Becomes anhydrous @ 105 °C; browns @ 230 °C; decomp @ 244 °C /Dihydrate/

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 86.1% (1565 of 1818) of all reports.

Warning

H319 (13.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P264+P265, P280, P305+P351+P338, and P337+P317 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1818 reports by companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.；Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1565 of 1818 reports by companies.；There are 11 notifications provided by 253 of 1818 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).；Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Chemical: L-Arginine

Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 (amended)

Status: Active Update: 28-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13725

Arginine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

L-Arginine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

L-Arginine is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption, as long as 1) the quantity of the substance added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) any substance intended for use in or on food is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Safe in the present practices of use and concentration. Ingredient, concentration, and use information are available in documents discoverable at https://cir-reports.cir-safety.org

Many of supplemental L-arginine's activities, including its possible anti-atherogenic actions, may be accounted for by its role as the precursor to nitric oxide or NO. NO is produced by all tissues of the body and plays very important roles in the cardiovascular system, immune system and nervous system. NO is formed from L-arginine via the enzyme nitric oxide synthase or synthetase (NOS), and the effects of NO are mainly mediated by 3,'5' -cyclic guanylate or cyclic GMP. NO activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP from guanosine triphosphate or GTP. Cyclic GMP is converted to guanylic acid via the enzyme cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. NOS is a heme-containing enzyme with some sequences similar to cytochrome P-450 reductase. Several isoforms of NOS exist, two of which are constitutive and one of which is inducible by immunological stimuli. The constitutive NOS found in the vascular endothelium is designated eNOS and that present in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system is designated nNOS. The form of NOS induced by immunological or inflammatory stimuli is known as iNOS. iNOS may be expressed constitutively in select tissues such as lung epithelium. All the nitric oxide synthases use NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and oxygen (O2) as cosubstrates, as well as the cofactors FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), FMN (flavin mononucleotide), tetrahydrobiopterin and heme. Interestingly, ascorbic acid appears to enhance NOS activity by increasing intracellular tetrahydrobiopterin. eNOS and nNOS synthesize NO in response to an increased concentration of calcium ions or in some cases in response to calcium-independent stimuli, such as shear stress. In vitro studies of NOS indicate that the Km of the enzyme for L-arginine is in the micromolar range. The concentration of L-arginine in endothelial cells, as well as in other cells, and in plasma is in the millimolar range. What this means is that, u

Drug-Induced Liver Injury Severity and Toxicity (DILIst)

l-arginine

DILI Negative

Intravenous

DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2019.09.022

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

Chemical: L-Arginine

Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 (amended)

Status: Active Update: 28-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13725

Arginine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

L-Arginine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

L-Arginine is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption, as long as 1) the quantity of the substance added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) any substance intended for use in or on food is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient.

Studies have shown that is has improved immune responses to bacteria, viruses and tumor cells; promotes wound healing and regeneration of the liver; causes the release of growth hormones; considered crucial for optimal muscle growth and tissue repair.

Many of supplemental L-arginine's activities, including its possible anti-atherogenic actions, may be accounted for by its role as the precursor to nitric oxide or NO. NO is produced by all tissues of the body and plays very important roles in the cardiovascular system, immune system and nervous system. NO is formed from L-arginine via the enzyme nitric oxide synthase or synthetase (NOS), and the effects of NO are mainly mediated by 3,'5' -cyclic guanylate or cyclic GMP. NO activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP from guanosine triphosphate or GTP. Cyclic GMP is converted to guanylic acid via the enzyme cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. NOS is a heme-containing enzyme with some sequences similar to cytochrome P-450 reductase. Several isoforms of NOS exist, two of which are constitutive and one of which is inducible by immunological stimuli. The constitutive NOS found in the vascular endothelium is designated eNOS and that present in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system is designated nNOS. The form of NOS induced by immunological or inflammatory stimuli is known as iNOS. iNOS may be expressed constitutively in select tissues such as lung epithelium. All the nitric oxide synthases use NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and oxygen (O2) as cosubstrates, as well as the cofactors FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), FMN (flavin mononucleotide), tetrahydrobiopterin and heme. Interestingly, ascorbic acid appears to enhance NOS activity by increasing intracellular tetrahydrobiopterin. eNOS and nNOS synthesize NO in response to an increased concentration of calcium ions or in some cases in response to calcium-independent stimuli, such as shear stress. In vitro studies of NOS indicate that the Km of the enzyme for L-arginine is in the micromolar range. The concentration of L-arginine in endothelial cells, as well as in other cells, and in plasma is in the millimolar range. What this means is that, u

Some metabolism of L-arginine takes place in the enterocytes. L-arginine not metabolized in the enterocytes enters the portal circulation from whence it is transported to the liver, where again some portion of the amino acid is metabolized.

PRODUCT OF OXIDATIVE DEAMINATION OR TRANSAMINATION OF L-ARGININE IS ALPHA-KETO-GAMMA-GUANIDOVALERIC ACID; PRODUCT OF DECARBOXYLATION IS AGMATINE. PATHWAYS & PRODUCTS OF METABOLISM: ARGININE YIELDS ORNITHINE + UREA; ARGININE YIELDS CITRULLINE + NH3; ARGININE + GLYCINE YIELDS GUANIDOACETIC ACID + ORNITHINE /FROM TABLE/

Some metabolism of L-arginine takes place in the enterocytes. L-arginine not metabolized in the enterocytes enters the portal circulation from whence it is transported to the liver, where again some portion of the amino acid is metabolized.

3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency；Arginine and proline metabolism；Arginine: Glycine Amidinotransferase Deficiency (AGAT Deficiency)；Argininemia；Argininosuccinic Aciduria；Aspartate Metabolism；Canavan Disease；Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase Deficiency；Citrullinemia Type I；Creatine deficiency, guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency；Total 30 pathways, visit the HMDB page for details

CIR ingredient: Arginine

An essential amino acid; Used as an ammonia detoxicant and diagnostic aid; [Merck Index] Used as a nutritional supplement for foods; [FDA] Used in biochemical research, pharmaceuticals, as a dietary supplement, and medication; [HSDB]

Biochemical research, medicine, pharmaceuticals, dietary supplement.

THERAP CAT: Ammonia detoxicant (hepatic failure); diagnostic aid (pituitary function).

Use (kg; approx.) in Germany (2009): >25000；Consumption (g per capita; approx.) in Germany (2009): 0.305；Calculated removal (%): 92.1

Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.

An essential amino acid for human development; precursor for nitric oxide; Isolation from etiolated lupine seedlings: E. Schulze, E. Steiger, Ber 19, 1177 (1886)

It is precipitated as the flavinate from gelatin hydrolyzate in industry.

L-ARGININE MAY BE OBTAINED FROM L-ORNITHINE & CYANAMIDE IN AQ SOLN IN PRESENCE OF SOME BA(OH)2: SCHULZE, WINTERSTEIN, BER 32, 3191 (1899); Z PHYSIOL CHEM 34, 134 (1902).

Information on 7 consumer products that contain L-Arginine in the following categories is provided:；• Personal Care

Information on 65 consumer products that contain Arginine in the following categories is provided:；• Personal Care

Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Cosmetics -> Antistatic

L-Arginine: ACTIVE

Arginine: ACTIVE

AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF SELECTED PROTEINS: ARGININE (G/100 G PROTEIN)- 8.8 IN GELATINS, 4.2 MILK: MIXED PROTEINS IN 100 G NITROGEN, 4.1 IN CASEIN. /ARGININE, FROM TABLE/