에틸브로마이드
에틸브로마이드 · 브롬화에틸 · 브로모에탄 · 에틸 브로마이드 · 모노브로모에테인 · 브로모에테인 · 브로믹 에터 · 에테인, 브로모-

식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 74-96-4 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | C2H5Br |
| 평균 분자량 | 108.97 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 107.95746226 g/mol |
| SMILES | CCBr |
| InChIKey | RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 6332 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL156378 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:47232 |
| EC No. | 200-825-8 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID6020199 |
| 현지명 | 에틸브로마이드 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| XLogP | 1.4 |
|---|---|
| 극성 표면적 | 0 |
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 0 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 0 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 0 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 3 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 2.8 |
| 물질 분류 | Flammable agents - 3rd degree |
| Solvents | Solvents -> Brominated Solvents |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Coriolis coupling |
| LogP(분배 계수) | log Kow = 1.61 |
| 냄새 | ... Ether-like odorEthereal odor |
| 맛 | Burning taste |
| 밀도 | 1.46 at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) - Denser than waterwill sink1.4604 g/cu cm at 20 °CBulk density: 12-12.1 lb/galRelative density (water = 1): 1.41.451 @ 20°C1.46 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Viscosity | 0.379 cP at 25 °C |
| Color/Form | LiquidColorless, volatile liquidColorless to yellow liquid ... [Note: A gas above 101 degrees F] |
| 용해도 | less than 1 mg/mL at 61 °F (NTP, 1992)In water, 9,000 mg/L at 25 °CIn water, 1.067, 0.965, 0.914, and 0.896 g/100 g water at 0, 10, 20, and 30 °C, respectivelyMiscible with ethanol, ether, chloroformMiscible with organic solventsSolubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.91에탄올, 에테르, 클로로포름 및 유기 용매와 혼합 가능합니다. |
| Corrosivity | Liquid ethyl bromide will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. |
| 인화점 | -10 °F (NTP, 1992)-20 °C-20 °C, -4 °F (Closed cup)-20 °C c.c.<4 °F-23 °C |
| 녹는점 | -119 °C |
| 끓는 점 | 37-40 °C(lit.) |
| 증기 밀도 | ~3.75 (vs air) |
| 증기압 | 25.32 psi ( 55 °C) |
| 굴절률 | n20/D 1.425(lit.) |
| 저장 조건 | Store below +30°C. |
| 물리적 상태 | 액체 |
| 색상 | 무색투명~미황색 |
| 폭발한계 | 6.7-11.3%(V) |
| 용해도 | 0.91g/100mL(20℃) |
| 비열 | Cp(liquid): 0.93 J/(g·K)Cp(gas): 0.59 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,3771 |
| BRN | 1209224 |
| 헨리 상수 | 7.56(x 10-3 atmm3/mol) at 25 °C (Hine and Mookerjee, 1975) |
| 유전율 | 9.4(20℃) |
| 안정성 | 안정적인. 가연성이 높습니다. 공기와 쉽게 폭발성 혼합물을 형성합니다. 낮은 인화점을 참고하세요. 알칼리 금속, 알루미늄, 마그네슘, 강염기, 물, 강산화제와 호환되지 않습니다. 빛에 민감할 수 있음 |
| InChI | 1S/C2H5Br/c1-2-3/h2H2,1H3 |
| InChIKey | RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CCBr |
| 표면장력 | 24.2mN/m at 20°C |
| NIST | Ethane, bromo-(74-96-4) |
| EPA | Bromoethane (74-96-4) |
화학적 성질
Bromoethane is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid. When exposed to air and light, it turns yellow. It has an ethereal odor and somewhat burning taste. Bromoethane has a specific gravity of 1.4505 between 4° and 25°C, a boiling point of 38.4°C, a melting point of -119°C, and a vapor pressure of 475 mm mercury at 25°C. It is 0.91% (w/w) soluble in water at 20°C and is miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether, chloroform, and other organic solvents. It has a flash point of -20°C (closed cup). The autoignition temperature is 511°C. The flammable limits in air are between 6.7570 and 11.25%. Although bromoethane is relatively stable, when heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of bromine and hydrobromide; it can react with oxidizing materials (ITII, 1979; Sittig, 1979; Torkelson and Rowe, 1981; Merck, 1983; Sax, 1984).
안전 및 규제
| GHS 분류 | DangerH225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P330, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P330, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, P501, and P502 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| 규제 정보 | Chemical: Ethane, bromo-Hazard Traits - CarcinogenicityEthane, bromo- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Ethane, bromo- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 17-05-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/11503Bromoethane: HSNO Approval: HSR002987 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| 기타 안전 정보 | IMAP assessments - Ethane, bromo-: Human health tier II assessment |
| 운송 라벨(DOT) | Poison |
| 화재 위험 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.Extremely flammable. |
| 화재 가능성 | Dangerously flammable by heat, open flame (sparks), oxidizers. |
| 건강 유해성 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:· TOXICmay be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. |
| 유해성 요약 | Anesthesia and liver toxicity occur in animal inhalation studies[ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritantInhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression[ICSC] |
용도
개요
Ethyl bromide is a colorless to yellow liquid that becomes a gas at temperatures above 101 °F (38 ℃). Ethyl bromide has an etherlike odor and a burning taste. Ethyl bromide is miscible with alcohols, ether, chloroform, and organic solvents; its water solubility is 9000 mg l-1 at 25 ℃. Ethyl bromide’s vapor density relative to air is 3.76.
용도
Bromoethane is an alkylating agent primarily used as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis, in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, and for the ethylation of gasoline. To a lesser extent, it has been used as a fruit and grain fumigant, refrigerant, and solvent. Although proposed occasionally as a general anesthetic in the earlier part of this century, it has not been used to any extent for this purpose (Sayers et al., 1929; Abreu et al., 1939; ITII, 1979; Sittig, 1979; Torkelson and Rowe, 1981;Merck, 1983).
일반 설명
A colorless volatile liquid. Slightly soluble in water and denser than water. Flash point below 0°F. Vapors are heavier than air. Toxic by inhalation. Irritates skin and eyes. Used to make pharmaceuticals and as a solvent.
제조 및 합성 방법
제조 방법
Bromoethane is produced by the reaction of either hydrogen or potassium bromide with cold ethanol or with ethylene and sulfuric acid (Hawley, 1977; Sittig, 1979; Merck, 1983). It is commercially available at greater than 99% purity. Production from two U.S. manufacturers was estimated at 163.5 million pounds in 1986 (CSITC, 1987); no recent import and export information was available in the literature.