앰버라이트IRA-900

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Refer for medical attention .

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

0.14 [mg/m3]

1.6 [mg/m3]

9.3 [mg/m3]

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) age 33 days, length 21.8 mm, weight 0.147 g; Conditions: freshwater, flow through, 24.7 °C, pH 7.6, hardness 44.5 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 41.5 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 7.2 mg/L; Concentration: 462000 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 431000-495000 ug/L) /97% purity formulation/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetramethylammonium chloride is expected to have high very mobility in soil(SRC). Tetramethylammonium chloride is a salt, indicating that this compound will exist in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(3). Volatilization of tetramethylammonium chloride from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.2X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Tetramethylammonium chloride is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). That no biodegradation occurred using activated sludge in a respirometer test(6) suggests that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil; cation compounds are known to be toxic to microorganisms(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetramethylammonium chloride is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.2X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Tetramethylammonium chloride is a salt and exists in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9; therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -4.18(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). That no biodegradation occurred using activated sludge in a respirometer test(5) suggests that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water; cation compounds are known to be toxic to microorganisms(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetramethylammonium chloride, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetramethylammonium chloride is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 25 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.1X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase tetramethylammonium chloride may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Tetramethylammonium chloride does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4), and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Cough. Headache. Sore throat. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision.

Abdominal pain. Dizziness. Nausea. Sore throat. Vomiting.

Using a structure estimtion method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of tetramethylammonium chloride can be estimated to be 8(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tetramethylammonium chloride is expected to have very high mobility in soil. Tetramethylammonium chloride is a salt, indicating that this compound will exist in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(3). Tetramethylammonium chloride at 37% of the cation exchange capacity was shown to inhibit electroactive anion probe transport properties in a Swy-1 montmorillonite clay(4).

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Inhibitory effects of paraquat and structurally related compounds on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in human erythrocytes and the electric organs of electric-eels (Electrophorus-electricus) were studied in-vitro. ... Human erythrocyte and electric-eel AChE and human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were incubated with paraquat, diquat, d-tubocurarine, edrophonium, trimethylphenylammonium-chloride or tetramethylammonium-chloride. The effects on AChE and BuChE of the preparations were examined and Hill plots were constructed. Paraquat and d-tubocurarine had Hill coefficients less than 1, whereas the Hill coefficients of the other compounds were close to 1. All compounds inhibited human erythrocyte and electric-eel AChE to a greater extent than human plasma BuChE. ...

Tetramethylammonium chloride's production and use as a chemical intermediate, catalyst, and inhibitor(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Its use in hydrofracking fluid as a clay stabilizer(2) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

AEROBIC: Tetramethylammonium chloride, present at 100 mg/L, was not biodegraded after 240 hours using 30 mg/L of activated sludge incubated at 20 °C in the respirometer test(1). Cation compounds are known to be toxic to microorganisms(SRC).

PURE CULTURE: Tetramethylammonium chloride, present at 0.2% wt/vol, was not utilized as a sole nitrogen source by the majority of 461 yeast species tested; the exception were Sporobolomyces odorus CBS483 and Sporobolomyces hispanicus CBS2873, maintained on a mineral salts medium(1). The compound, present at 1 uMol, reached 82% of its theoretical O2 uptake (CO2 evolution was complete in 60 minutes) in 90 minutes using a quarternary ammonium compound-enrichment inoculum in a respirometer test(2).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for tetramethylammonium chloride(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -4.18(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for tetramethylammonium chloride is estimated as 4.2X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tetramethylammonium chloride is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). Tetramethylammonium chloride is a salt and exists in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9; therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. Tetramethylammonium chloride is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).