아세톤시아노히드린
아세톤사이아노하이드린 · 2-히드록시-2-메틸-프로판니트릴2-메틸-락토니트릴 · 아세톤시아노하드린 · 아세톤시아노히드린 · 아세톤 사이아노하이드린 · 2-메틸락토나이트릴 · 2-메틸아세토나이트릴 · 2-사이아노-2-프로판올
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 75-86-5 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | C4H7NO |
| 평균 분자량 | 85.1 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 85.05276385 g/mol |
| SMILES | CC(C)(O)C#N |
| InChIKey | MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 6406 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1231861 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:15348 |
| EC No. | 200-909-4 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID7025427 |
| 현지명 | 아세톤시아노히드린 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| XLogP | -0.1 |
|---|---|
| 극성 표면적 | 44 |
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 1 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 2 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 0 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 6 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 87 |
| 녹는점 | -19 °C (lit.) |
| 끓는 점 | 82 °C/23 mmHg (lit.) |
| 밀도 | 0.932 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| 증기압 | 0.3 psi ( 20 °C) |
| 굴절률 | n20/D 1.399(lit.) |
| 인화점 | 147 °F |
| 저장 조건 | Refrigerator |
| 용해도 | very soluble in water, alcohol, and etherslightly soluble in petroleum ether |
| pKa(산도 계수) | 11.45±0.29(Predicted) |
| 물리적 상태 | 액체 |
| 색상 | 무색~황색으로 투명함 |
| 폭발한계 | 11% |
| 용해도 | 혼용 가능 |
| Merck | 13,68 |
| 헨리 상수 | 8.0×101 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015) |
| InChI | 1S/C4H7NO/c1-4(2,6)3-5/h6H,1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CC(C)(O)C#N |
| NIST | Propanenitrile, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-(75-86-5) |
| EPA | Acetone cyanohydrin (75-86-5) |
| ECETOC JACC REPORT | Acetone cyanohydrin (75-86-5) |
화학적 성질
Acetone cyanohydrin is a flammable, colorless to light yellow liquid. Almond-like odor.
안전 및 규제
| 직업 노출 한계(OEL) | Ceiling: 1 ppm (4 mg/m3) [15-minute] |
|---|---|
| 수질 위해 등급(WGK) | 3 |
| TSCA 등재 상태 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 번호 | OD9275000 |
| 운송 번호(UN) | UN 1541 |
| 독성 | LD50 orally in rats: 0.17 g/kg (Smyth) |
| 관세 코드 | 29269095 |
| 위험 문구(R) | 26/27/28-50-50/53 |
| 위험 표시 | T+,N |
| 안전 문구(S) | 27-45-60-61-7/9 |
| 포장분류 | I |
| 위험 등급 | 6.1Acute Tox. 1 DermalAcute Tox. 2 InhalationAcute Tox. 2 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1 |
| 기존화학 물질 | 2008-1-583 |
| 저장 분류 | 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2very toxic hazardous materials |
| 유해 물질 데이터 | 75-86-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| 함량 및 규제정보 | 물질구분: 유독물질혼합물(제품)함량정보: 아세톤 시아노히드린 및 이를 1% 이상 함유한 혼합물 |
| 유해화학물질 필터링 | 2008-1-583 |
용도
개요
Acetone cyanohydrin is an organic compound used in the production of methyl methacrylate, the monomer of the transparent plastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also known as acrylic. Acetone cyanohydrin is a flammable colourless liquid with a faint odour of bitter almond. It is incompatible with sulphuric acid. Acetone cyanohydrin readily undergoes decomposition by water to form hydrogen cyanide and acetone. Cassava tubers contain linamarin, a glucoside of acetohydrin, and the enzyme linamarinase for hydrolysing the glucoside. Crushing the tubers releases these compounds and produces acetone cyanohydrin, which is potentially lethally toxic. Acetone cyanohydrin is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to- Know Act. The principal hazards of acetone cyanohydrin arise from its ready decomposition on contact with water, which releases highly toxic hydrogen cyanide.
용도
Acetone cyanohydrin is used to make methyl methacrylate; in the production of pharmaceuticals, foaming agents, and insecticides; and to produce polymerization initiators.
일반 설명
A colorless liquid. Flash point 165°F. Lethal by inhalation and highly toxic or lethal by skin absorption. Density 7.8 lb / gal (less dense than water). Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
제조 및 합성 방법
생산 방법
Acetone cyanohydrin is formed by adding acetone to sodium or potassium cyanide in water and treating with H2S04 or by reaction of acetone with hydrogen cyanide (HSDB 1988; Windholz et al 1983). Technical acetone cyanohydrin may contain as much as 0.2% free hydrogen cyanide. U.S. production in 1984 is estimated at 546,000 tons (HSDB 1988).