Buprenorphine

용도Controllled substance (narcotic). Analgesic that demonstrates narcotic agonist-antagonist properties.

일반 설명Buprenorphine is a semisynthetic, highly lipophilic opiate derivedfrom thebaine. Pharmacologically, it is classified as amixed μ-agonist/antagonist (a partial agonist) and a weak κ-antagonist. It has a high affinity for the μ-receptors(1,000 times greater than morphine) and a slow dissociationrate leading to its long duration of action (6–8 hours). Atrecommended doses, it acts as an agonist at the μ-receptorwith approximately 0.3 mg IV equianalgesic to 10 mg of IVmorphine. One study in humans found that buprenorphine displaysa ceiling effect to the respiratory depression, but not theanalgesic effect over a dose range of 0.05 to 0.6 mg.In practice,this makes buprenorphine a safer opiate (when usedalone) than pure μ-agonists. Relatively few deaths frombuprenorphine overdose (when used alone) have been reported.113 The tight binding of the drug to the receptor also hasled to mixed reports on the effectiveness of using naloxone toreverse the respiratory depression. In animal studies, normaldoses of the pure antagonist naloxone were unable to removebuprenorphine from the receptor site and precipitate withdrawal.In a human study designed to precipitate withdrawalfrom buprenorphine, a naloxone dose (mean=35 mg) 100times the dose usually needed to precipitate withdrawal inmethadone-dependent subjects was used. For comparison, approximately0.3 mg, 4 mg, 4 mg, and 10 mg of naloxonewould be required to precipitate withdrawal from heroin, butorphanol,nalbuphine, or pentazocine respectively.

정의ChEBI: A morphinane alkaloid that is 7,8-dihydromorphine 6-O-methyl ether in which positions 6 and 14 are joined by a -CH2CH2- bridge, one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is su stituted by cyclopropyl, and a hydrogen at position 7 is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl group.