트리오르토크레실포스페이트

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Acetylcholinesterase activity in red blood cells = 70% of individual's baseline; Butylcholinesterase activity in serum or plasma = 60% of individual's baseline; Sample at end of shift; [TLVs and BEIs]

Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide.

Water may be ineffective on fire. Cool exposed containers with water. /Tricresyl phosphate/

Safe Storage: Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Tricresyl phosphates should be stored in a cool, well ventilated area, protected from direct sunlight and away from open flames. Containers should be made of galvanized steel; these should be effectively sealed and their contents clearly marked. Tricresyl phosphates should not be used in plastic articles which are likely to come into contact with foodstuffs or clothing. /Tricresyl phosphates/

Spillage Disposal: Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do not let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Absorb with paper towels. Place in a plastic bag. Burn in an open pan with help of flammable solvent or in a furnace. /Tricresyl phosphate/

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed or replaced.

Prolonged skin or mucous membrane contact should be avoided by use of mechanized processes, protective clothing (including gloves and goggles) and barrier creams; in addition, scrupulous personal hygiene should be encouraged ... /Tricresyl phosphates/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for TRI-O-CRESYL PHOSPHATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Two hydraulic fluids, Fyrquel EHC (trixylenyl phosphate) and Reofos 65 (trialkyl/aryl phosphate mixture), were examined for effects of organophosphorus-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) in hens using the OECD Test Guideline (1984). Furthermore, the influence of atropine and the concentration of tri-o-tolyl phosphate (TOTP) in the oil vehicle on the development of OPIDN were investigated. For Fyrquel EHC a neurotoxic effect was demonstrated with single oral doses of 5, 10 and 15 g/kg. Reofos 65 caused no clinical neurotoxic effect after single oral doses of 5, 10 and 15 g/kg. Redosing at day 22 with Reofos 65 did not result in clinical delayed neurotoxicity, but minor histopathological changes were found in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Atropine 10 mg/kg im delayed the onset of OPIDN caused by TOTP 1 g/kg po without affecting the final neurotoxic effect. Dilution of TOTP in large amounts of soybean oil vehicle reduced its neurotoxic effect. In conclusion, the neurotoxic potential of the hydraulic fluids was very low. The effect of atropine and the concentration of the test compound in oil vehicle should be taken into consideration when designing experiments on OPIDN.

Adult male Long-Evans rats were exposed to 2 neurotoxic organophosphates in a setting of chronic stress, over a 63-day period. The organophosphates were tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate (TOTP) administered in 14 gavage doses of 75, 150 or 300 mg/kg, and chlorpyrifos, given in two 60 mg/kg subcutaneous exposures. Corticosterone was added to the drinking water at 400 ug/mL, to model aspects of chronic stress. These compounds/dosages were administered individually and in combination, with appropriate controls, giving rise to 16 experimental groups. The major neuropathologic change was the presence of axonal degeneration progressing to myelinated fiber degeneration, mainly in distal regions of selected fiber tracts and peripheral nerve, seen in animals sacrificed on experimental day 63. The cervical spinal cord and medullary levels of the sensory gracile fasciculus were most prominently affected. This axonopathy/fiber degeneration was TOTP dose-related at the 300 and 150 mg/kg levels. There was association of this lesion with inhibition of the enzyme neurotoxic esterase in hippocampal tissue from TOTP-treated rats. Such an association categorizes this disease process as organophosphate ester-induced delayed neuropathy. Neither chlorpyrifos nor corticosterone appeared to contribute to the neuropathic events or the enzyme inhibition. A cohort of rats was maintained on the corticosterone dosing, but without additional exposure to TOTP or chlorpyrifos, for an additional 27 days. When these rats were examined on day 90, the nerve fiber degeneration had progressed in all experimental groups administered the 300 mg/kg dose of TOTP (lower doses were not studied at the 90-day interval), although hippocampal neurotoxic esterase had returned to control values.

Exposure to multiple chemicals is a likely event in industrial societies, yet few related neuropathological studies exist. We report results of a 90 day study which sequentially evaluated such effects in rats administered two neurotoxic OPs. Adult male Long-Evans rats were exposed to a 60 mg/kg sc dosage of chlorpyrifos on days 7 and 42. In addition, seven 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg gavage dosages of tri-orthotolyl phosphate (TOTP) were given during both the day 14-28 and 49-63 intervals. Appropriate controls were used. Rats were sacrificed on days 28, 63 and 90 days, for determination of neurotoxic esterase (NTE) levels, or perfusion-fixed for neuropathological study. Activity of NTE was diminished in a dose-related fashion by TOTP on days 28 and 63. At the latter interval, the 300 mg/kg group had regional brain activity below 50% of controls, with recovery seen at day 90. In rats administered this dose of TOTP, the distal (medullary) gracile fasciculus had occasional swollen myelinated axons on day 28. By day 63 in rats given the 300 mg/kg dose, this had evolved into prominent Wallerian-like myelinated fiber degeneration, and some lesions were also noted in more proximal levels of this tract, and in peripheral nerves. Lesser involvement was seen at the 150 mg/kg dose. On day 90, after a 4- week period without additional OP exposure, the fiber degeneration was enhanced in rats given the 300 mg/kg dose (the lower two TOTP doses were not examined at this interval). One reflection of this was the greater extent of the lesions in more proximal levels of the gracile fasciculus and peripheral nerve. These changes are related to TOTP dose. Chlorpyrifos did not elicit this lesion, nor significantly modify the TOTP effect. The nature and location of the fiber degeneration, and its association with brain NTE inhibition indicates this is OP ester-induced delayed neuropathy. This study demonstrates the post-dosing progression of this neuropathic state after cessation of multiple toxicant administration in rats.

An animal (rat) model of chronic stress (corticosterone in the drinking water) was used to study the interaction of stress and the organophosphorus (OP) neurotoxicants chlorpyrifos (60 mg/kg subcutaneously in a single dose) and tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate (TOTP, at 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg given 7 times orally in a 2-wk period). Adult male Long-Evans rats were provided with corticosterone in drinking water (400 ug/mL, w/v) for a total of 28 d, which led to significantly decreased weight and decreased cellularity of the thymus and spleen. Seven days after initiation of corticosterone treatment, half of the rats were given chlorpyrifos, and an additional 7 d later the 2-wk, 7-dose treatment of TOTP was initiated. During the 28-d test period, behavior of rats was evaluated using a functional observational battery (FOB), motor activity, and passive avoidance. Reductions in body weight, grip strength, and ambulatory movements occurred as a result of corticosterone treatment. Decreased body weight and grip strength were also elicited by TOTP, and the interactions of corticosterone and TOTP enhanced the effects on body weight and grip strength. Blood cholinesterase levels were obtained during the 28-d study period and found useful for monitoring OP exposure. At the end of the 28-d testing period, rats were sacrificed and activities of cholinesterase, neurotoxic esterase (neuropathy target esterase), and/or carboxylesterase were evaluated in blood, liver, and/or brain regions (basal forebrain, caudate putamen, cerebral cortex, hippocampus). All these esterases in brain were inhibited in a dose-related manner by TOTP, with some enhancement in rats drinking corticosterone-containing water. In addition, choline acetyltransferase, glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP), glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were evaluated in one or more of the brain regions already identified. Choline acetyltransferase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities were unaffected by treatments. However, GFAP was elevated above control levels in the cerebral cortex of rats by all treatments (corticosterone, chlorpyrifos, TOTP). Neuropathological examination revealed early stages of dose-related increased distal myelinated fiber axonal degeneration seen in the medullary fasciculus gracilis at only the highest dose of TOTP (300 mg/kg).

For more Interactions (Complete) data for TRI-O-CRESYL PHOSPHATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus /(Bluegill sunfish)/; Conditions: freshwater, static bioassay, 23 °C, mild aeration applied 24 hr; Concentration: 7,000 ppm for 96 hr

LC50; Species: Menidia beryllina /(Inland silverside)/; Conditions: static bioassay in synthetic sea water, 23 °C, mild aeration applied after 24 hr; Concentration: 8,700 ppm for 96 hr

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tri-o-cresyl phosphate is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tri-o-cresyl phosphate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(2). Tri-o-cresyl phosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based on a vapor pressure of 1.96X10-6 mm Hg(3). Biodegradation of tri-o-cresyl phosphate in soil is expected to be an important fate process(SRC), based on its ready biodegradability in water and sediments(4-7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tri-o-cresyl phosphate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Tri-o-cresyl phosphate has been observed to adsorb to sediment in the water column and precipitate to the bottom in sorption studies(3). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(4) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 87 and 640 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 1060(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 6.34(2) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 0.16 L/mole-sec(SRC) and a neutral hydrolysis rate constant 2.33X10-6/day(SRC) were estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 1.2 years, 43 days, 4.3 and 0.43 days at pH values of 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively(2). The half-life of tri-o-cresyl phosphate in lake water, river water and sediment bottoms has been observed to range from less than 3 days to 12 days(6,7). Tri-o-cresyl phosphate was readily biodegradable in sewage treatment and activated sludge studies(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tri-o-cresyl phosphate, which has a vapor pressure of 1.9X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tri-o-cresyl phosphate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.2 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Monitoring studies have observed that tri-o-cresyl phosphate is removed from the atmosphere by both wet and dry deposition(4). Tri-o-cresyl phosphate does not absorb UV wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were exposed to IMOL S-140, a synthetic high-temperature lubricating oil composed of tri-aryl phosphates and, although no sign of acute toxicity was evident, the fish slowly developed symptoms of chronic posioning. Thus, floating food pellets were refused, the activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum were greatly elevated, and internal fatty tissues became discoloured. Neither serum nor brain cholinesterase activities were inhibited. /Triaryl Phosphates/

Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Muscular weakness. Symptoms may be delayed.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Further see Inhalation.

Abdominal pain. Nausea. Vomiting. Further see Inhalation.

gastrointestinal disturbance; peripheral neuropathy; cramps in calves, paresthesia in feet or hands; weak feet, wrist drop, paralysis

The concentration of tri-o-cresyl phosphate in wastewater discharged from industrial machinery complex into the Kurose River, Hiroshima, Japan, ranged from 0.08 to 0.56 ug/L(1). The concentration of tri-o-cresyl phosphate in domestic wastewater from Hiroshima, Japan ranged from 0.15 to 0.46 ug/L(1).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for tri-o-cresyl phosphate can be estimated to be 4.7X10+4(SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tri-o-cresyl phosphate is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Tri-o-cresyl phosphate was found to adsorb strongly to clay minerals in sorption tests(3). Using bottom sediment from a river, tri-o-cresyl phosphate was found to adsorb strongly to the sediment with a Freundlich isotherm constant of 160(4); it was further observed that tri-o-cresyl phosphate in the water column adsorbed to sediment and precipitated to the bottom(4).

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Phosphoric acid, tris(2-methylphenyl) ester is included on this list. Effective date: 10/4/82; Sunset date: 10/4/92.

Used as a flame retardant, plasticizer, lubricant, additive to gasoline and hydraulic fluids, and intermediate for pharmaceuticals. Also used in coatings and adhesives, in adhesives for air filter media, as a heat exchange medium, a waterproofing agent, an extraction solvent, and in solvent mixtures for resins; [ACGIH]

As plasticizer in lacquers and varnishes.

... Flame retardent and plasticizer, in hot extrusion molding and bulk forming of plasticized polyvinyl chloride, in coatings and adhesives, as a gasoline additive to control pre-ignition, in hydraulic fluids, as a heat exchange medium, a synthetic lubricant, as a water proofing agent, as a component of adhesives for air filter media, an extraction solvent, an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, and in a solvent mixture for various resins.

As additive to extreme pressure lubricants; as a non-flammable fluid in hydraulic systems; as plasticizer in lacquers and varnishes; as plasticizer in vinyl plastics manufacture; as flame retardant; as lead scavenger in gasoline; and as solvent for nitrocellulose, in cellulosic molding compositions.

Aryl phosphates such as tricresyl phosphate ... or cresyl diphenyl phosphates ... when added in small percentages to the gasoline, combat misfires. /Aryl phosphates/

Tricresyl phosphate (ortho-, meta- and para-isomers) is used in flexible PVC, cellulose nitrate, ethylcellulose coatings, and various rubbers. Typical applications are vinyl tarpaulins, mine conveyer belts, air ducts, cable insulation, and vinyl films ... usually used in blends with phthalates.

Prepared from cresol and phosphorus oxychloride, phosphoric acid, or phosphorus pentachloride. The grades of cresol commonly used are the isomeric (o-, m-, p-), and meta-para mixtures fom coal tar and cresylic acid from petroleum. Purification of the product is based on the intended use; the commercial product is generally obtained as a mixture. A "refined grade" of tricresyl phosphate is prepared by vacuum distillation, or alternatively by washing with 2% sodium hydroxide and water ... . /Tricresyl phosphate/

Phosphoric acid, tris(2-methylphenyl) ester: ACTIVE

Commercial tricresyl phosphates may contain 1% TOCP; manufacturing precautions have been used to reduce the concentrations found in historical preparations which contained upwards of 20% TOCP.

... A) ARYL PHOSPHATES ... NOT SUITABLE FOR PLASTICS IN CONTACT WITH FOODSTUFFS; C) ... SHOULD NOT BE USED IN ARTICLES INTENDED FOR WEAR DIRECTLY ON SKIN OR ARTICLES ... HANDLED BY CHILDREN. /ARYL PHOSPHATES/

Tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP), ... occurs as a contaminant in industrial-grade tricresyl phosphate, which contains predominately the meta- and para-isomers ... .