4-tert-Pentylphenol

Bactericides

Active substance -> EU Pesticides database: Not approved

log Kow = 4.03

3.83

0.9624 at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) - Less dense than water; will float

0.962 at 20 °C/4 °C

White crystals

Colorless needles

less than 1 mg/mL at 79 °F (NTP, 1992)

Soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform.

In water, 1.68X10+2 m/L at 25 °C

232 °F (NTP, 1992)

232 °F (111 °C) (Open cup)

504.5 °F at 760 mmHg ; 280 °F at 15 mmHg; 491-513 °F (NTP, 1992)

262.5 °C

Boiling point: 248-250 °C at 740 mm Hg; 138.5 °C at 15 mm Hg; 112-120 °C at 3 mm Hg

190 to 205 °F (NTP, 1992)

94-95 °C

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.7% (5 of 754) of reports.

Danger

H302 (13.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 754 reports by companies from 15 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Danger

Chemical: Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-

Hazard Traits - Bioaccumulation; Endocrine Toxicity; Environmental Persistence

Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

2002/2076

Status: Active Update: 07-04-2021 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14435

Substance: p-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol

1% solution is a severe eye irritant tested in rabbits; [RTECS] Corrosive to skin, based on animal studies; [eChemPortal: HPVIS] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; Inhalation may cause chemical pneumonitis; Can be absorbed through skin; [MSDSonline] See Phenol.

USEPA/Office of Pesticide Programs; Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document - para-tertiary-Amylphenol, Potassium Sodium Salt. EPA 738-R-05-001 (January 2005). The RED summarizes the risk assessment conclusions and outlines any risk reduction measures necessary for the pesticide to continue to be registered in the U.S.[Available from, as of October 7, 2009: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329. Effective date 3/29/96; Reporting date: 5/29/96.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 4-tert-Pentylphenol is included on this list. Effective date 3/29/96; Sunset date: 6/30/98.

Residues of the following chemical substances are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation, provided that the substance is applied on a semi-permanent or permanent food-contact surface (other than being applied on food packaging) with adequate draining before contact with food. ... (c) The following chemical substances when used as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation may be applied to: Food-processing equipment and utensils. Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)- is included on this list. Limit: When ready for use, the end-use concentration is not to exceed 80 ppm.

The Agency has completed its assessment of the dietary, occupational, drinking water and ecological risks associated with the use of pesticide products containing the active ingredients 4-t-amylphenol. Based on a review of these data and on public comments on the Agency's assessments for the active ingredients 4-t-amylphenol and its salts (potassium and sodium), the Agency has sufficient information on the human health and ecological effects of to make decisions as part of the tolerance reassessment process under FFDCA and reregistration process under FIFRA, as amended by FQPA. The Agency has determined that products containing 4-t-amylphenol and its salts are eligible for reregistration provided that: (i) current data gaps and confirmatory data needs are addressed; (ii) the risk mitigation measures outlined in this document are adopted; and (iii) label amendments are made to reflect these measures. ... Based on its evaluation of 4-t-amylphenol and salts, the Agency has determined that 4-t-amylphenol and salts products, unless labeled and used as specified in this document, would present risks inconsistent with FIFRA. Accordingly, should a registrant fail to implement any of the risk mitigation measures identified in this document, the Agency may take regulatory action to address the risk concerns from the use of 4-t-amylphenol and salts. If all changes outlined in this document are incorporated into the product labels, then all current risks for 4-t-amylphenol and salts (potassium and sodium) will be substantially mitigated for the purposes of this determination.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Amylphenol is found on List C. Case No: 3016; Pesticide type: fungicide, antimicrobial; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the RED document.; Active ingredient (AI): amylphenol; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 12/17/92; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide have made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.

Phenols, such as P-TERT-PENTYLPHENOL, do not behave as organic alcohols, as one might guess from the presence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group in their structure. Instead, they react as weak organic acids. Phenols and cresols are much weaker as acids than common carboxylic acids (phenol has pKa = 9.88). These materials are incompatible with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides. Flammable gas (H2) is often generated, and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas. Heat is also generated by the acid-base reaction between phenols and bases. Such heating may initiate polymerization of the organic compound. Phenols are sulfonated very readily (for example, by concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature). The reactions generate heat. Phenols are also nitrated very rapidly, even by dilute nitric acid. Nitrated phenols often explode when heated. Many of them form metal salts that tend toward detonation by rather mild shock. This material can react with oxidizing materials.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: Criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Method of application: mop, cloth, sponge or hand trigger sprayer; spray; fogger, or wipe. Following application, do not enter or allow others to enter the treated area until sprays have dried. Do not apply in a way that will contact workers or any other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during the application. Do not contaminate other materials (including foods/drinks/feeds/ water). Do not reuse wipes.

Risks of concern have been identified for several post-application exposure scenarios including children's dermal exposure to treated clothing and treated diapers and children's incidental oral exposure to treated clothing. ... Adding clear instructions for washing and rinsing textile items will result in the adequate removal of residues from the treated items and address the concerns for this scenario.

Treated food contact surfaces must be thoroughly rinsed with potable water prior to use.

Agricultural/farm equipment/shoe baths:Do not use in milking stalls, milking parlors, or milk houses.

Residues of the following chemical substances are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation, provided that the substance is applied on a semi-permanent or permanent food-contact surface (other than being applied on food packaging) with adequate draining before contact with food. ... (c) The following chemical substances when used as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation may be applied to: Food-processing equipment and utensils. Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)- is included on this list. Limit: When ready for use, the end-use concentration is not to exceed 80 ppm.

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow, weight 102 mg); Conditions: flow-through bioassay, dissolved oxygen 7.4 (4.6-8.8) mg/L, water hardness 44.9 (42.4-46.6) mg/L as CaCO3, pH 6.9-7.7, alkalinity 42.9 (39.6-61.4) mg/L CaCO3, temp: 26.4 +/- 1.4 °C; Concentration: 3.17 (2.94-3.42) mg/L for 24 hr /Purity 98%/

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow, weight 102 mg); Conditions: flow-through bioassay, dissolved oxygen 7.4 (4.6-8.8) mg/L, water hardness 44.9 (42.4-46.6) mg/L as CaCO3, pH 6.9-7.7, alkalinity 42.9 (39.6-61.4) mg/L CaCO3, temp: 26.4 +/- 1.4 °C; Concentration: 2.58 (2.49-2.68) mg/L for 48 hr /Purity 98%/

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow, weight 102 mg); Conditions: flow-through bioassay, dissolved oxygen 7.4 (4.6-8.8) mg/L, water hardness 44.9 (42.4-46.6) mg/L as CaCO3, pH 6.9-7.7, alkalinity 42.9 (39.6-61.4) mg/L CaCO3, temp: 26.4 +/- 1.4 °C; Concentration: 2.50 (1.87-3.34) mg/L for 72 and 96 hr /Purity 98%/

LC50; Species: Crangon septemspinosa (shrimp); Conditions: aerated gently and changed at 49 hr; Concentration: 1.7 mg/L for 96 hr

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3.7X10+3(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 4.03(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.0X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(4), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.00X10-3 mm Hg(5), and water solubility, 1.68X10+2 mg/L(6). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(5). Biodegradation data for 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol in the terrestrial environment were not available(SRC, 2009).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3.7X10+3(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 4.03(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(4) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.0X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(5), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.00X10-3 mm Hg(6), and water solubility, 1.68X10+2 mg/L(7). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 18 and 140 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 87 months if adsorption is considered (8). According to a classification scheme(9), an estimated BCF of 210(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(10), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Biodegradation data for 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol in the aquatic environment were not available(SRC, 2009).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol, which has a vapor pressure of 2.00X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 9.2 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Reaction with atmospheric nitrate radicals may be important(3); rate constants of phenols and alkyl phenols for reaction with NO3 radicals range from 1.37X10-11 to 3.92X10-12 cu cm/mole sec(5) which correspond to half-lives of 12.3 min to 3.5 min at an evening concentration of 2.4X10+8 nitrate radicals per cu cm(6). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

In a monitoring study of organic constituents of mutagenically active secondary effluents from 10 industrial plants and publicly owned treatment works (POTW) in Illinois, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol was detected at only one site (final effluent from a trickling filter plant partially inoperative in Roselle, IL) although concentrations were not reported (detection limits were also not reported)(1).

The Koc of 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is estimated as 3.7X10+3(SRC), using a log Kow of 4.03(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is expected to have slight mobility in soil.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ There are some reported incidents associated with exposure to end-use products containing 4-tert-amylphenol. Dermal, ocular, and inhalation are the primary routes of exposure. Dermal exposure is considered as a very important route of exposure. Most of the incidents are related to irritation reaction. The most common symptoms reported for cases of inhalation exposure were respiratory irritation/burning, irritation to mouth/throat/nose, coughing/choking, shortness of breath, dizziness, flu-like symptoms, and headache. Eye pain, burning of eyes, conjunctivitis, blurring vision, and acute inflammation have been reported in ocular exposure incidents. Neurological effects, such as dizziness, headache and blurred vision have also been reported.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Less corrosive than phenol and produce less skin irritation, but they may share phenol's ability to penetrate intact skin ... Water solubility and systemic toxicity decr with increasing size of alkyl constituents. /Alkyl deriv of phenol/

/SURVEILLANCE/ Report of ... leukoderma survey of 169 men exposed to p-tert-amylphenol /is described/. Screening by means of Wood's light technique (an ultra violet light which is absorbed by normally pigmented skin and reflected by nonpigmented skin) revealed no cases of leukoderma in 129 men exposed to /this cmpd/.

/ENDOCRINE MODULATION/ p-tert-Amylphenol /was found/ to be estrogenic in the E-SCREEN assay, which assesses the estrogenicity of a compound by measuring its proliferative effect on estrogen-sensitive cells. The cell number achieved by similar inocula of MCF-7 cells (estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer cells) in the absence of estrogens (negative control) and in the presence of 17beta-estradiol (positive control) is compared with the number of cells achieved with a range of concn of the test chemical. For 4-tert-pentylphenol, a concn of 10 uM was the lowest concn needed for maximal cell yield. For the positive control 17beta-estradiol, the lowest concentration needed was 30 pM. The relative proliferative effect (RPE) is calculated as 100 x (PE-1) of the test compound divided by (PE-1) of 17beta-estradiol. A value of 100 indicates that the compound tested is a full agonist of the estradiol; a value of 0 indicates that the compound lacks estrogenicity at the doses tested. Intermediate values suggest that the compound is a partial agonist of 17beta-estradiol. For 4-tert-pentylphenol, an RPE of 105 was estimated.

4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol's production and use as an intermediate for organic mercury germicides, for pesticides, and for chemicals used in rubber and petroleum industries, as well as in the manufacture of oil-soluble resins(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

SEDIMENT: 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol was detected in sediment samples collected from ten sites on the Elbe River in July 1998 at concentrations ranging from 17 to 77 ug/kg dry matter(1). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol was detected in sediment samples collected from the Mulde and Saale tributaries in July 1998 at concentrations of 33 and 83 ug/kg dry matter, respectively(1). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol was detected in sediment samples collected monthly from the Schnackenburg site on the Elbe River between February 1998 and December 1998 at concentrations ranging from 19 to 96 ug/kg dry matter(1).

An estimated BCF of 210 was calculated for 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol(SRC), using a log Kow of 4.03(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is estimated as 2.0X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.00X10-3 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 1.68X10+2 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 18 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 140 days(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 87 months if adsorption is considered(4). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ 4-t-Amylphenol appears to be a primary dermal and eye irritant (Category I), and it may be in Category III for acute oral dermal studies, according to data from the open literature. However, acceptable guideline acute studies are not available, and the literature data protocols were inadequate.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Rated 10 on rabbit eyes ... Tested externally on eyes of rabbits and ... rated numerically on scale of 1-10 according to degree of injury ... after 24 hr /observation/, paying particular attention to condition of cornea. Most severe injuries have been rated 10.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ When effect of substituted phenols on liver wt and liver enzymes in rats was measured 24 hr after single intragastric dose (1.5 mmoles/kg), there was close relation between induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and lipid-water partition coefficients.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ In a subchronic dermal toxicity study, Nipacide Amylphenol (Amenphenol, Batch No. L18K) was administered to the clipped skin of Sprague Dawley Crl: CD BR VAF/Plus rats (10 males and 10 females/group) at dose levels of 0, 2.5, 10 and 25 mg/kg, 6 hr/day, five days/wk for 13 wk. The test substance was dissolved in a 50% v/v solution of ethanol (200 proof) in distilled water; all doses were administered at a constant volume of 6.0 mL/kg. No treatment-related deaths or clinical signs were observed. Dermal irritation was not observed in controls or at 2.5 mg/kg/day. At 10 and 25 mg/kg/day, both sexes exhibited dose-related dermal irritation, such as erythema and desquamation which progressed to eschar formation with subsequent eschar exfoliation. The incidence and severity of the dermal irritation were increased in the 25 mg/kg/day group where the eschar formation progressed to cover 50 - 75% of the application site in two males and five females. Ulcerations were also observed within the exposure site of three males and five females in the 25 mg/kg/day group. Eschar formation in the 10 mg/kg/day group progressed to cover 10 - 25 of the application site in one male and three females. No biologically significant changes in bw or bw gain were observed at any dose level. No biologically significant changes in food consumption were observed. A transient increase (p<0.05) in food consumption was noted during study days 8 - 15, but was small (+8%), and not accompanied by a corresponding change in body weight. No treatment-related ocular effects were noted in test animals. Hematological parameters showed no biologically significant changes due to the test substance. Clinical chemistry parameters were affected significantly by treatment to the test substance Organ weights were not affected by treatment to the test substance. No other gross pathological findings were made. Histopathological observations were limited to the treated skin of rats in the 10 and 25 mg/kg/day groups. These changes included minimal to marked acanthosis, minimal to mild chronic or acute dermatitis, inflammatory exudate on the epidermal surface and occasional ulcers. The incidence and severity of the dermal changes were dose dependent. The systemic NOAEL is 25 mg/kg/day. The LOAEL has not been established. The dermal NOAEL is 2.5 mg/kg/day. The LOAEL is 10 mg/kg/day based on histopathological changes, dermal irritation characterized by erythema, desquamation, eschar formation and subsequent eschar exfoliation.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 4.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 9.2 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Reaction with atmospheric nitrate radicals may be important(1); rate constants of phenols and alkyl phenols for reaction with NO3 radicals range from 1.37X10-11 to 3.92X10-12 cu cm/mole sec(3) which correspond to half-lives of 12.3 min to 3.5 min at an evening concentration of 2.4X10+8 nitrate radicals per cu cm(4). 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329. Effective date 3/29/96; Reporting date: 5/29/96.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 4-tert-Pentylphenol is included on this list. Effective date 3/29/96; Sunset date: 6/30/98.

Residues of the following chemical substances are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation, provided that the substance is applied on a semi-permanent or permanent food-contact surface (other than being applied on food packaging) with adequate draining before contact with food. ... (c) The following chemical substances when used as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation may be applied to: Food-processing equipment and utensils. Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)- is included on this list. Limit: When ready for use, the end-use concentration is not to exceed 80 ppm.

The Agency has completed its assessment of the dietary, occupational, drinking water and ecological risks associated with the use of pesticide products containing the active ingredients 4-t-amylphenol. Based on a review of these data and on public comments on the Agency's assessments for the active ingredients 4-t-amylphenol and its salts (potassium and sodium), the Agency has sufficient information on the human health and ecological effects of to make decisions as part of the tolerance reassessment process under FFDCA and reregistration process under FIFRA, as amended by FQPA. The Agency has determined that products containing 4-t-amylphenol and its salts are eligible for reregistration provided that: (i) current data gaps and confirmatory data needs are addressed; (ii) the risk mitigation measures outlined in this document are adopted; and (iii) label amendments are made to reflect these measures. ... Based on its evaluation of 4-t-amylphenol and salts, the Agency has determined that 4-t-amylphenol and salts products, unless labeled and used as specified in this document, would present risks inconsistent with FIFRA. Accordingly, should a registrant fail to implement any of the risk mitigation measures identified in this document, the Agency may take regulatory action to address the risk concerns from the use of 4-t-amylphenol and salts. If all changes outlined in this document are incorporated into the product labels, then all current risks for 4-t-amylphenol and salts (potassium and sodium) will be substantially mitigated for the purposes of this determination.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Amylphenol is found on List C. Case No: 3016; Pesticide type: fungicide, antimicrobial; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the RED document.; Active ingredient (AI): amylphenol; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 12/17/92; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide have made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.

Assoc of (14)C-labelled p-tert-amylphenol with human serum and bacterial Micrococcus lysodeikticus proteins was most clear-cut among phenolic deriv. Protein binding could explain interference of serum with germicidal effects of phenolic disinfectants.

Used to make oil-soluble resins and organic mercury compounds; Has been recommended for use as a germicide and fumigant; [Merck Index]

For p-tert-amylphenol (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 064101) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

For p-tert-amylphenol, potassium salt (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 064111) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./ /p-tert-Amylphenol, potassium salt/

For p-tert-amylphenol, sodium salt (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 064112) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./ /p-tert-Amylphenol, sodium salt/

Antimicrobial

For more Uses (Complete) data for 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2023: 8,500,000 - <25,000,000 lb

Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#5298]

Production volume for non-confidential chemicals reported under the 2006 Inventory Update Rule. Chemical: Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-. Aggreated National Production Volume: 1 to < 10 million lbs.

...By condensation of tert-pentanol or 2-methyl-3-butanol with phenol in presence of aluminum chloride: Huston, Hsieh, J Am Chem Soc 58, 439 (1936); Huston et al, J Am Chem Soc 67, 899 (1945).

p-tert-Amylphenol (PTAP) or 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol is commercially produced by the alkylation of phenol with isoamylene under acidic catalysis. Isoamylene is a mixture of 2-methyl-1-butene and 2-methyl-2-butene, which is produced by dehydration of the corresponding alcohol or backcracking of the corresponding methyl ether ... 4-tert-Amylphenol is purified to its typical assay of by fractional distillation.

Condensation of tert-pentanol with phenol with aluminum chloride catalyst.

Staphene Disinfectant Spray and Deodorizer: Active Ingredients 53.096% Ethyl alcohol, 0.077% 2-Benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 0.074% 4-tert-Amylphenol, 0.041% o-Phenylphenol, 0.042% Alkyl* dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride *(60%C14, 30%C16, 5%C18, 5%C12), 0.0420 Alkyl* dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride *(50%C12, 30%C14, 17%C16, 3%C18)

Coldcide 0.25% Disinfecting Wipes: Active Ingredients 0.2750% Glutaral, 0.0028% 4-tert-Amylphenol, 0.0138% o-Phenylphenol

Coldcide 0.25%: Active Ingredients 0.2750% Glutaral, 0.0027% 4-tert-Amylphenol, 0.0137% o-Phenylphenol

Claire Disinfectant Spray: Active Ingredients 49.950% Ethyl alcohol, 0.045% 4-tert-Amylphenol, 0.176% o-Phenylphenol

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol (34 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Cosmetics product ingredient: p-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol

Information on 12 consumer products that contain Para Tertiary Amylphenol in the following categories is provided:

Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing

Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-: ACTIVE

Commercially produced by the alkylation of phenol with isoamylene under acidic catalysis.