산화마그네슘

개요산화 마그네슘(magnesium oxide, 실험식: MgO)은 페리클레이스로서 자연적으로 발생하고 하얀 빛을 띄는 흡습성의 고체 광물이며, 마그네슘의 원천이다. 산화 마그네슘은 시멘트, 제산지, 의학 등의 용도로 응용할 수 있으며, 녹는점이 굉장히 높아 내화 벽돌의 원료로도 쓰인다.

용도고무, 의약, 세라믹원료, 각종 합성수지의 충진제, 촉매, 내화벽돌, 내화물, 시멘트, 반도체 재료, 기능성 플라스틱 재료, 자성재료, 정제용 흡착제 등.

개요Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral, often found as a powder, which occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium . It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions and O2 ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium oxide is only very slightly soluble in water but in aqueous media combines quickly with water to form magnesium hydroxide. The majority of magnesium oxide produced today is obtained from the calcination of naturally occurring minerals, magnesite, MgCO3, being the most common. Other important sources of magnesium oxide are seawater, underground deposits of brine and deep salt beds from which magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] is processed. In medicine, magnesium oxide can be used as an antacid to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion, as a laxative for short-term, rapid emptying of the bowel (before surgery, for example) and as a mineral supplement used to prevent and treat low amounts of magnesium in the blood. Besides, magnesium oxide also has many nonmedicinal uses. Caustic calcined magnesia is used in a wide range of industrial applications e.g. plastics, rubber, adhesives and acid neutralization. Magnesium oxide with lower chemical activity can be used for fertilizers and animal feed. Dead-burned magnesia and finally fused magnesia can be used for a variety of refractory and electrical applications e.g. furnace lining, crucibles and fireproofing boarding.

용도Magnesium Oxide is a source of magnesium which functions as a nutrient and dietary supplement. it exists as a bulky white powder termed light magnesium oxide or as a dense white powder known as heavy magnesium oxide. it is practically insoluble in water and is insoluble in alcohol.

일반 설명Finely divided white particulate dispersed in air. (Note: Exposure may occur when magnesium is burned, thermally cut, or welded upon.).

생산 방법Magnesium oxide occurs naturally as the mineral periclase. It can be manufactured by many processes. Limestone containing the mineral dolomite is calcinated at high temperatures to produce dolime, which then reacts with magnesium chloride-rich sea water to produce magnesium hydroxide and calcium chloride.The magnesium hydroxide is then calcinated to produce magnesium oxide and water. In another process, mined magnesite (MgCO3) is calcinated to produce magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide. Purification methods include crushing and size separation, heavymedia heavymedia separation, and froth flotation. Producing magnesium oxide from sea water is a process that involves heating magnesium chloride concentrated brine from the Dead Sea. The magnesium chloride decomposes into magnesium oxide and hydrochloric acid.Magnesium oxide may also be produced by the thermal decomposition of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium sulfite, nesquehonite, and the basic carbonate 5MgO·4CO2·5H2O. Purification of the magnesium oxide produced through thermal degradation is carried out by filtration or sedimentation.

Magnesium oxide is easily formed by burning magnesium metal ribbon. Mg oxidizes and emits a bright white light, rich in ultraviolet and hard to extinguish. Extreme care must be taken if MgO is to be prepared by this method. Magnesia is a white solid mineral that occurs naturally as “Periclase” and is used as a source of magnesium metal. Magnesium oxide is hygroscopic in nature and care must be taken to protect it from moisture. It reacts with water and forms the hydroxide: MgO＋H2O→Mg(OH)2 However, this reaction can be reversed by heating it to remove moisture.

순도시험(1) 물가용물 : 이 품목 2.0g에 물 100mL를 가하여 수욕 중에서 5분간 가열한 다음 즉시 여과하고 식힌 후에 여액 25mL를 취하여 수욕 중에서 증발건고한 다음 잔류물을 105℃에서 1시간 건조할 때, 그 양은 2.0% 이하이어야 한다. (2) 유리알칼리 : (1)의 여액 50mL를 취한 다음 메틸레드시액 2방울을 가해주고 0.1N 황산 2.0mL를 가할 때, 액은 적색을 나타낸다. (3) 비소 : 이 품목을 비소시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 4.0ppm 이하이어야 한다. (4) 납 : 「메타인산나트륨」의 순도시험 (2)에 따라 시험한다(2.0ppm 이하). (5) 산화칼슘 : 정량법의 A액 50mL를 정확히 취한 다음 물을 가하여 300mL로 하고 주석산용액(1→5) 0.6mL를 가해주고 이에 트리에타놀아민용액(3→10) 10mL, 수산화칼륨용액(1→2) 10mL를 가하여 5분간 방치한 다음 2-옥시-1-(2''-옥시-4''-설포-1''-나프틸아조)-3-나프토에산시약 0.1g을 지시약으로 하여 0.01M 이.디.티.에이.용액으로 적정하고 그 소비량을 BmL로 한다. 종말점은 액의 적색이 완전히 소실되고 청색으로 된 때로 한다(1.5% 이하).

확인시험이 품목 1g에 염산(1→3) 25mL를 가하여 녹인 액은 확인시험법 중 마그네슘염의 반응을 나타낸다.

정량법이 품목을 강열한 다음 약 0.5g을 정밀히 달아 물 5mL로 적셔주고 염산 10mL와 과염소산 10mL를 가해주고 시계접시로 뚜껑을 하여 서서히 가열하여 짙은 흰 연기가 나오기 시작하면 10분간 더 가열한다. 식힌 후 온수 약 50mL와 염산(1→2) 5mL를 가하여 약간 가열하고 여과지로 여과하여 그 여액에 물을 가하여 정확히 500mL로 한 것을 A액으로 한다. A액 10mL를 취하여 물을 가하여 100mL로 한 다음 암모니아․염화암모늄완충액 5mL와 에리오크롬블랙T시액 2방울을 가해주고 즉시 0.01M 이.디.티.에이.용액으로 적정하고 그 소비량을 AmL로 한다. 종말점은 액의 적색이 청색으로 된 때로 한다. 순도시험 (5)에서 얻은 소비량 BmL를 사용하여 다음 계산식에 따라 함량을 구한다.

정의Two forms are produced, one a light, fluffy material prepared by a relatively low-temperature dehydration of the hydroxide, the other a dense material made by high-temperature furnacing of the oxide after it has been formed from the carbonate or hydroxide.