1,4-디클로로-2-니트로벤젠

log Kow = 3.09

2.93

1.669 at 22 °C

Density: 1.479 g/cu cm at 75 °C

1.67 g/cm³

Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20 °C (air = 1): 1.00

In water, 95 mg/L at 25 °C

In water, 92.1 mg/L at 20 °C

Soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide; slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.01 (very slightly soluble)

267 °C

261 °C

56 °C

55 °C

0.00505 [mmHg]

0.00383 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, Pa at 25 °C: 0.5

Danger

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P280, P318, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.1% (1 of 94) of reports.

Chemical: Benzene, 1,4-dichloro-2-nitro-

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity；Authoritative List - EC Annex VI CMRs - Cat. 1B; IARC Carcinogens - 2B; Prop 65；Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the product

TP - indicates a substance that is the subject of a proposed TSCA section 4 test rule.

Status: Active Update: 28-06-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/17548

1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

No listed effects of short-term or long-term exposure (health effects have not been fully investigated); [ICSC] Can possibly induce methemoglobinemia; Can be absorbed through skin; Not a skin or eye irritant in rabbits; Not sensitizing in guinea pig maximization tests; No mortalities in rats exposed by inhalation to 47.6 mg/m3 for 7 hours; Increased liver weight (accompanied by hepatocellular hypertrophy), damage to the forestomach, increased bilirubin levels, and adverse male reproductive effects (depressed spermatogenesis) observed in 28-day oral study of rats; Cyanosis and methemoglobin formation observed in cats; [IUCLID] A mild skin and strong eye irritant; May induce methemoglobinemia; Harmful by ingestion and skin absorption; [Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] See 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene.

Acute Tox. 4 (98.9%)；Skin Sens. 1 (43.6%)；Eye Irrit. 2 (93.6%)；Muta. 2 (46.8%)；Aquatic Chronic 2 (53.2%)；Aquatic Chronic 3 (42.6%)

Acute toxicity (ingestion) - category 4；Eye irritation - category 2；Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) - category 2；Carcinogenicity - category 1B

Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4；Carcinogenicity - Category 2；Reproductive toxicity - Category 2；Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1 (blood system), Category 3 (narcotic effects)；Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (blood system), Category 2 (nervous system, liver, kidney)；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 1；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 1

Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4；Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 3；Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2A；Skin sensitization - Category 1；Reproductive toxicity - Category 2；Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1 (blood system), Category 3 (narcotic effects)；Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (blood system), Category 2 (nervous system, liver, testis)；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 1；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 1

Carcinogenicity - Category 1B

Carcinogenicity - Category 1B

A skin and eye irritant.

1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is mildly irritating to eyes and non-irritating to skin.

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance, protective clothing, protective gloves and face shield. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

EC50; Species: Chlorella pyrenoidosa (Green Algae) exponential growth phase, 2 X10+8 cells/mL; Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 6.6; Concentration: 2100 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 1500-2800 ug/L); Effect: growth, general />98% purity formulation/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age <24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 8.2, hardness 250 mg/L CaCO3. dissolved oxygen >6.5 mg/L; Concentration: 11000 ug/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 5600-18000 ug/L) />98% purity formulation/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age <24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 8.2, hardness 250 mg/L CaCO3. dissolved oxygen >6.5 mg/L; Concentration: 3800 ug/L for 21 days (95% confidence interval: 3600-4000 ug/L) />98% purity formulation/

LC50; Species: Poecilia reticulata (Guppy) age 3-4 weeks; Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 8.2, hardness 250 mg/L CaCO3; Concentration: 4900 ug/L for 14 days />98% purity formulation/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 590(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.5X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(3). 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.00383 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene absorbs UV light above 290 nm and will photodegrade in sunlight(4). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 4% of the theoretical BOD was reached in four weeks(5) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 590(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.5X10-5 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4.4 and 36 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), observed BCF values of 18-118, measured in carp and rainbow trout(6,7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to moderate(SRC). 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene has an epilson of 0.00126 at 300 nm in aqueous solution(8) which indicates the compound may be susceptible to direct photolysis(SRC); an approximated quantum yield of 0.01 can be used to estimate a half-life of 34 days in a model sunlit body of water with a 500 cm depth(2). In an aqueous hydrolysis test (OECD Test guideline 111), benzene, 1,4-dichloro-2-nitro was stable to abiotic hydroylsis at pHs 4, 7 and 9 at 25 °C(8). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 4% of the theoretical BOD was reached in four weeks(6) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene, which has a vapor pressure of 0.00383 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 320 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene absorbs UV light above 290 nm and therefore is photodegraded in sunlight(2).

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.；Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect；IARC Carcinogen - Class 3: Chemicals are not classifiable by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Following the exposure of algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) for 96 hours to 2.1 mg/L, 50% inhibition of growth has been observed... For water fleas (Daphnia magna), 48-hr EC50 value (immobilization) amounts to 11 mg/L and the 21-day EC50 value to 3.8 mg/L. In a semi-static 21-day reproduction test the lowest concentrations at which the population growth rate and mean length of the animals significantly (p<0.01) decreased were 1.8 mg/L and 3.2 mg/L respectively. For fish (Leuciscus idus), the value of acute toxicity (96-hr LC50) in an open system under semi-static conditions is 6.3 mg/L and the corresponding value (48-hr LC50) in a closed system under static conditions is 4.5 mg/L. The lowest 96-hr LC0 was 3.15 mg/L. In the prolonged fish toxicity test under semi-static conditions a 14 day LC50 value of 4.9 mg/L has been found for Poecilia reticulata.

/PLANTS/ 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene at concentrations > 42.2 mg/L is phytotoxic (6-day EC50; reduction in fresh weight) to higher plants (seedlings of cucumber and bean).

Cough.

Redness.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene can be estimated to be 590(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is expected to have low mobility in soil. 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene did not leach in column leachate tests designed to assess leaching potential from wastes in landfill sites(3).

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is mildly irritating to eyes and non-irritating to skin. When tested in animals the product has been proved to be a non-sensitizer; however, there are indications of skin sensitization in man.

Chemical: Benzene, 1,4-dichloro-2-nitro-

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity；Authoritative List - EC Annex VI CMRs - Cat. 1B; IARC Carcinogens - 2B; Prop 65；Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the product

TP - indicates a substance that is the subject of a proposed TSCA section 4 test rule.

Status: Active Update: 28-06-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/17548

1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is readily absorbed after oral administration or dermal application. The substance is metabolized to a number of products. Following oral application chiefly 2,5-dichloroaniline, the mercapturic acid derivative N-acetyl-S-(4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)-L-cysteine as well as glucuronic and sulfuric acid conjugates of 4-amino-2,5-dichlorophenol were identified in urine.

Used as an intermediate in the chemical industry; [IUCLID] Used to make pigments, pesticides, and UV absorbents; [HSDB]

Used extensively in the manufacture of dyestuff intermediates

Used as an intermediate for pigments, pesticides and UV absorbents in closed systems