2-Chlorotoluene

Flammable agents - 2nd degree

Industrial compound

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

Log Kow= 3.42

3.4

3.42

1.0825 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.0826 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.08

1.08

1.0825 @ 20°C

1.08

0.009 % at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

FREELY SOL IN CHLOROFORM

Miscible with alcohol, acetone, ether, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and n-heptane; slightly soluble in water.

Solubility less than 10% in acetone, benzene, ether, alcohol

Solubility in water = 374 mg/l at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.47

126 °F (NTP, 1992)

126 °F

43 °C c.c.

126 °F

96 °F

318.15 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

158.97 °C

159.2 °C

318.2 °F

159 °C @760 [mm Hg]

320 °F

Warning

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P261, P271, P273, P304+P340, P317, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Warning

H226 (66.4%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Chemical: Benzene, 1-chloro-2-methyl-

Hazard Traits - Other Toxicological Hazard Traits

Benzene, 1-chloro-2-methyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Benzene, 1-chloro-2-methyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 08-07-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13832

o-Chlorotoluene: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: May contain toxic chloride fumes.

Flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Above 43 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.

A respiratory irritant; Exposure to high concentrations may produce systemic toxic effects; [CAMEO] May cause skin irritation; [CHEMINFO]

The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of 2-chlorotoluene stem from its toxicologic properties and flammability. Exposure may occur at sites where 2-chlorotoluene is manufactured or used as a pesticide, solvent, or intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, or synthetic rubber chemicals. This colorless liquid may exert its strong irritant properties upon dermal contact or inhalation. To assure protection against 2-chlorotoluene exposure a full-face mask self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing should be worn. The ACGIH recommends maintaining an 8-hr TLV of 50 ppm. While this substance must be moderately heated before ignition occurs, 2-chlorotoluene is nevertheless considered a combustion hazard. For fires involving 2-chlorotoluene, extinguish with "alcohol foam", CO2, dry chemical, or water in flooding quantities as fog (solid streams may be ineffective). Flooding quantities of water should be applied from as far a distance as possible, to cool affected containers. This substance should be stored away from heat or flames. Shipping regulations and other DOT regulatory requirements should be consulted before transport. For small spills of 2-chlorotoluene, take up with sand or other noncombustible absorbent and place into containers for later disposal. For large spills, dike to prevent 2-chlorotoluene from entering water sources and sewers. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge) consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, use, and exposure to EPA.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule (40 CFR Part 716). The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. o-Chlorotoluene is included on this list.

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Small fires: dry chemical, CO2, water spray or foam; large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (USCG, 1999)

Use water spray, carbon dioxide, foam, powder. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

(General first aid procedures)

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Chlorotoluenes/

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Chlorotoluenes/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Chlorotoluenes/

... HANDLING OF MATERIAL DOES NOT PRESENT ANY SPECIAL PROBLEMS & NORMAL PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLING CHEMICALS SHOULD BE ADEQUATE.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), measured Koc values from 170-880(2) indicate that 2-chlorotoluene will have low to moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-chlorotoluene may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given a measured Henry's Law constant of 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(3) and from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on an experimental vapor pressure of 3.43 mm Hg(SRC), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients(4). Based on limited data, 2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to biodegradation(SRC). At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0(5)-<30%(6) biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial blend of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was able to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days(7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), measured Koc values from 170-880(2) indicates that 2-chlorotoluene may adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Based on limited data, 2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to aerobic biodegradation(SRC). A second order rate constant for the microbial degradation of 2-chlorotoluene in natural water was experimentally determined to be 2.7X10-11 L/organism-hr(8). At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0(3)-<30%(4) biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial blend of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was able to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days(5). 2-Chlorotoluene should volatilize from water surfaces based on a measured Henry's Law constant of 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(6). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(1,SRC). BCF values from 20-112(3), measured in carp, indicate that 2-chlorotoluene may moderately bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC), according to a recommended classification scheme(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-chlorotoluene, which has a measured vapor pressure of 3.43 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients, will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-chlorotoluene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 9 days(3,SRC).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Shortness of breath. Dizziness.

Dry skin. Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain.

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; dermatitis; drowsiness, incoordination, anesthesia; cough; liver, kidney injury

Advances waste treatment concentrates from publicly owned treatment works: Jan-Feb 1976, Orange County, CA - 0.2 ng/l; July 1975, Escondido, CA - 0.2 ng/l(1). Detected in the raw influent to a textile finishing plant waste treatment system, but not found in the final effluent(2). Identified in effluent from an organics and plastic industry and an organic chemical industry(3). Detected in chlorinated leachate from a simulated landfill lysimeter used to study codisposal of metal plating sludge with municipal solid waste(4). Identified as a principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the emissions from an incinerator test burn(5).

o-Chlorotoluene

2 x 10 ^-2 mg/kg-day

Measured soil adsorption coefficients (Koc) for 2-chlorotoluene ranged between 170-880, the average value was 370(1). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggest that 2-chlorotoluene will have low to moderate mobility in soil(2,SRC).

The frequency of forward mutations was determined at the (TK) locus of the mouse lymphoma L5178Y cell line when exposed to orthochlorotoluene. No significant increases in the mutant frequency produced. Orthochlorotoluene was assayed at concentrations up to 40 nl/ml without activation and 60 nl/ml with metabolic activation by rat liver S9 fraction, and nondetectable to moderate toxicities were induced. Percent relative growth ranged from 58.3% to 19.3% in the absence of activation, and from 127.1% to 23.8% with activation.

The ability of ortho-chlorotoluene to induce specific locus mutations at the TK locus in cultured L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells (Mouse Lymphoma Mutagenicity Assay) was evaluated in the presence of Aroclor-induced rat liver S9 metabolic activation. Based on preliminary toxicity tests, 12 activated cultures exposed from 40 nl/ml to 90 nl/ml were cloned, producing a range of 69.7 - 6.1% relative growth. None of the activated cultures produced mutant frequencies significantly greater than the solvent control (DMSO).

The frequency of chromosome aberrations was determined in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, in an in vitro cytogenetic assay, with and without metabolic activation by rat liver S9 fraction. In nonactivated experiments, orthochlorotoluene was tested at 6 concentrations ranging from 0.83 nl/ml to 250.00 nl/ml. There was no significant increase in chromosome damage in the cultures tested up to the toxic dose of 83.3 nl/ml, (severe toxicity at 250.00 nl/ml). In the presence of metabolic activation there was again no increase in aberrations in the test cultures up to 83.3 nl/ml.

An inhalation teratology study was conducted with New Zealand white rabbits receiving whole body exposure to 2-chlorotoluene at nominal concentrations of 0, 1.5, 4 and 10 mg/l in an air exposure chamber. At each concentration 16 female rabbits were exposed for 6 hr/day on days 6-28 inclusive of gestation. At a nominal concentration of 10 mg/l, lachrymation, salivation and ptosis was observed during initial exposures. At 4 and 10 mg/l there was a significant dose-related reduction in food consumption during the treatment period, which resulted in retardation of mean weight gain between the onset of treatment and day 9 of gestation. Among litter parameters, there was no significant effect upon mean values for litter size, pre- and post implantation loss, or litter and mean fetal weight. Also, there was no significant effect upon incidence of skeletal anomalies and variants.

For more TSCA Test Submissions (Complete) data for 2-CHLOROTOLUENE (38 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

July-Aug 1981, New Jersey program on Airborne Toxic Elements and Organic Substances (ATEOS), detection limit 0.005 ppb: Newark, NJ, 38 samples, 76% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 37 samples, 49% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Camden, NJ, 35 samples, 89% pos, mean concn 0.01 ppb(1). Jan-Feb 1982, NJ ATEOS program, detection limit 0.005 ppb, Newark, NJ, 28 samples, 89% pos, mean concn 0.03 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 38 samples, 76% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Camden, NJ, 37 samples, 62% pos, mean concn 0.01 ppb(1). During 1983-84, detected in air samples collected at 6 hazardous waste sites in NJ, mean concn range not detected-0.40 ppb (detection limit 0.10 ppb), and one sanitary landfill in NJ, mean concn 0.02 ppb(2). Air in the vicinity of leachate pools at 2 abandoned hazardous waste sites in NJ, mean concn range 0.06-0.44 ppb(2). Chlorotoluene isomers (o-, m-, and p-): Love Canal in Niagara Falls, NY, 15 samples, 80% pos, concn range trace-12,274 ng/cu m(3); Love Canal, 10 samples, 50% pos, concn range <0.010-1.64 ng/cu m(4); Baton Rouge, LA, 11 samples, 9% pos, 35 ng/cu m(3).

/Representative of chemical production plant stated/ ... production people in plant ... who have handled material for years, have never encountered cases in skin irritation or other forms of poisoning due to contact with, or inhalation of the product.

VAPOR HARMFUL.

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, use, and exposure to EPA.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule (40 CFR Part 716). The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. o-Chlorotoluene is included on this list.

(ME) MAINE 140 ug/l

(CA) CALIFORNIA 140 ug/l

Used as a solvent and chemical intermediate; [ACGIH]

Painting (Solvents) [Category: Paint]

SOLVENT; DYESTUFF INTERMEDIATE; IN ORG SYNTHESES

INSECTICIDE & BACTERICIDE

DISINFECTANT FOR COCCIDIOSIS CONTROL

2-Chlorotoluene is a starting material in the production of 2-chlorobenzyl chloride, 2-chlorobenzaldehyde, 2-chlorobenzotrichloride, 2-chlorobenzoyl chloride and 2-chlorobenzoic acid, which are precursors for dyes, pharmaceuticals, optical brighteners, fungicides, and products of other types. 2-Chlorotoluene is also used in the production of dichlorotoluenes, 3-chlorotoluene, and o-chlorobenzonitrile.

The batch chlorination of toluene at 50 °C in the presence of ferric chloride (or of ferric chloride-sulfur monochloride at 40 °C the values for which are given in parentheses for comparison) gives at most 83%(98%) monochlorotoluene, with 52% (52%) of the product being o-chlorotoluene, 2%(0.3%) m-chlorotoluene, and 28%(46%) p-chlorotoluene, in addition to 7%(1%) unreacted toluene and 11%(1%) dichlorotoluene. 2-Chlorotoluene and 4-chlorotoluene are separated by fractional distillation.

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Benzene, 1-chloro-2-methyl-: ACTIVE

MONOCHLOROTOLUENE, 60% ORTHO & 40% PARA ISOMERS, IS PRODUCED COMMERCIALLY. /MONOCHLOROTOLUENE/