| GHS 분류 | DangerH301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P260, P261, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
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| 규제 정보 | Chemical: 1,3-Benzenediamine, 4-methyl-Hazard Traits - CarcinogenicityHematotoxicityHepatotoxicity and Digestive System ToxicityNeurotoxicityRespiratory Toxicity1,3-Benzenediamine, 4-methyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1,3-Benzenediamine, 4-methyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)TP - indicates a substance that is the subject of a proposed TSCA section 4 test rule.Status: Active Update: 21-07-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13465Substance: 4-methyl-m-phenylenediamine (toluene-2,4-diamine) |
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| 기타 안전 정보 | IMAP assessments - 1,3-Benzenediamine, 4-methyl-: Human health tier II assessment |
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| 운송 라벨(DOT) | Poison |
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| 화재 위험 | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic fumes are generated when heated.· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Finely dispersed particles form explosive mixtures in air. |
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| 건강 유해성 | Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Toluenediamine:· Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. |
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| 유해성 요약 | Exposure to toluene-2,4-diamine is primarily occupational. Acute (short-term) exposure to high levels of toluene-2,4-diamine in humans has caused severe skin and eye irritation sometimes leading to permanent blindness. Other effects include respiratory problems, stomach gas, rise in blood pressure, dizziness, convulsions, fainting, and coma. No information is available regarding the chronic (long-term) or carcinogenic effects of toluene-2,4-diamine in humans. Chronic animal studies have reported liver injury. In animal studies, toluene-2,4-diamine was carcinogenic following dietary administration, producing a significant increase in the incidence of a large variety of tumor types, including liver, mammary gland, subcutaneous fibromas, lung lymphomas, and leukemia. EPA has classified toluene-2,4-diamine as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritantMay cause skin sensitization, methemoglobinemia, and liver injuryCan be absorbed through skinPossible carcinogen and mutagen[ICSC] Commercially relevant products containing 2,4-toluylenediamine are 2,4/2,6-TDA (80/20) with 80% 2,4-TDA and 20% 2,6-TDA (CAS# 25376-45-8) and 2,4/2,6-TDA (65/35) with 65% 2,4-TDA and 35% 2,6-TDA (both produced as mixtures)2,4-TDA of approximately 99% purity is also produced[CPS&Q: RARs - Final Risk Assessment Report] Danger of skin sensitization[MAK] May causes irritation and skin sensitizationToxic by ingestionHarmful by skin absorptionProlonged or repeated ingestion exposure may cause damage to the kidneys, liver, blood, bladder, and reproductive systemSuspected mutagen and reproductive toxicantPossible carcinogen[Alfa Aesar MSDS] |
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| 운송 번호 및 가이드(DOT) | 3418 1511709 1511709 151(2,4-Toluenediamine) |
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| 반응성 그룹 | Amines, Aromatic |
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| EC 분류 | Symbol: T, NR: 45-21-25-43-48/22-62-68-51/53S: 53-45-61Note: E |
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| UN 분류 | UN Hazard Class: 6.1UN Pack Group: III |
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| Special Reports | NIOSHCurrent Intelligene Bulletin No 53 Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) and Toluenediamine (TDA): Evidence of Carcinogenicity. (1989)DHEW/NCIBioassay of 2,4-Diaminotoluene for Possible Carcinogenicity (1979) Technical Rpt Series No. 162 DHEW Pub No. (NIH) 79-1718National Toxicology Program. Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (2005). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. 2,4-Diaminotoluene (95-80-7) is listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.[Available from, as of July 31, 2009: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s057diam.pdf] |
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| RCRA 요건 | U221As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when toluenediamine, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5). /Toluenediamine/ |
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| 소화 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. |
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| 응급 조치 | Fresh air, rest.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).Rinse mouth. |
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| 누출 비상 조치 | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. |
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| 응급 처치 | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.General First Aid:(General first aid procedures) |
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| 안전 보관 | Well closed. Separated from oxidants and acids. Separated from food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Do NOT store or transport in containers made from aluminium or copper and its alloys. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. |
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| 노출 관리 및 개인 보호 | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
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| 소화 절차 | Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. |
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| 보관 조건 | PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/ |
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| 정리 방법 | Spillage Disposal. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do not let this chemical enter the environment. Do not wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.Spread over with 9:1 mixture of sand and soda ash. After mixing, transfer into a paper carton, stuffed with ruffled paper.PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/ |
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| 비화재 누출 대응 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]: |
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| 처리 방법 | Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U221, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. /Toluenediamine/Biodegradability in wastewater by activated-sludge was determined by evaluation of total org C (TOD) & COD removal efficiencies. 2,4-Diaminotoluene was easily decomposed.PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for TOLUENE-2,4-DIAMINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 누출 처리 | Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
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| 체내 부담 | Toluene-2,4-diamine concentrations of <0.01-5.7 ug/hr and <0.01-5.5 ng/L were reported as urinary elimination rates and plasma levels, respectively, of 15 factory workers exposed to thermal degradation products of TDI-based flexible foam and MDI-based polyurethane glue(1). |
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| Cancer Sites | [in animals: liver, skin & mammary gland tumors] |
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| 상호 작용 | ... In rats fed various combinations of 0.1% 2,4-diaminotoluene & 0.25% ethionine in diet, there was evidence of incr incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas over that in rats treated with 2,4-diaminotoluene alone.The mutagenicity of 2,4-diaminotoluene in Ames's Salmonella/microsome test was remarkably enhanced by treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, identification of the major mutagenic reaction product of 2,4-diaminotoluene with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature has been performed. Red precipitates were produced in a 2 day reaction mixture and were column chromatographed on silica gel. 5 Fractions having mutagenic potency were obtained. The red crystalline needles, obtained as the major reaction product, were separated from fraction 2 and were subjected to high resolution mass spectrometry, (1)H and (13)C NMR spectrometry. The structure of the compound was determined to be 2,7-diamino-3,8-dimethylphenazine from physicochemical and chemical evidence. The compound induced 212 revertants/nmole in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with 25 uL S9 per plate.In studies of the metabolism of aromatic amines in the Ames/Salmonella assay, a rapid and quantitative conversion of the mutagenic and carcinogenic aromatic amine 2,4-diaminotoluene to a single product was observed. This product was only produced in the presence of methanol, and not other organic solvents. Isolation of this product showed that it was highly mutagenic in Salmonella TA98 with S9 activation. Characterization of the product of the interaction of methanol and 2,4-diaminotoluene indicated that methanol is activated to a reactive intermediate, probably formaldehyde by the 9000 X g supernatant used in the Ames/Salmonella assay. The formaldehyde subsequently reacts with 2,4-diaminotoluene to form the mutagenic product, identified as bis-5,5'(2,4,2',4-tetraaminotolyl)methane. Results of this study demonstrate that methanol may be an inappropriate solvent for mutation and metabolism studies of aromatic amines and possibly other chemicals, and that solvent xenobiotic interactions may in some cases lead to the misinterpretation of results.2,4-Diaminotoluene, an aromatic amine hepatocarcinogen in rats and mice, reacts extensively with formaldehyde produced by the oxidation of methanol to form a single reaction product. Using (1)H and (13)C NMR and high resolution mass spectroscopy, this product was shown to be bis(2,4-diamino-5-tolyl)methane. This reaction product is shown to occur under conditions whereby methanol is metabolized to formaldehyde by rat hepatic postmitochondrial supernatant. These results demonstrate a novel reaction of aromatic amines and formaldehyde in biological samples and indicate that methanol as a solvent may become activated in vitro and produce complex interactions with solutes.The carcinogenicity of 2,4-diaminotoluene in male Wistar rats fed diets containing 0.06% or 0.1% was antagonized by concomitant feeding of 3-methycholanthrene, alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate or para-hydroxypropiophenone. |
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| 표적 장기 | Eyes, skin, respiratory system, blood, cardiovascular system, liver |
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| 생태독성 수치 | EC50Species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Green Alga) exponential growth phaseConditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 6.0-7.5Concentration: 78.1 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 60-100.7 ug/L)Effect: decreased population abundance /formulation/Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age <24 hr, Lake Langedam strainConditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 7.8-8.0, hardness 250 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 94-99%Concentration: 12000 ug/L for 24 hrEffect: intoxication, immobilization /98% purity/Conditions: freshwater, renewal, 20 °C, pH 7.8-8.0, hardness 250 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 94-99%Concentration: 1600 ug/L for 48 hrLC50Species: Oryzias latipes (Japanese Medaka) age 28-43 days juvenile, weight 18-71 mgConditions: freshwater, flow through, 25 °C, pH 7.88, hardness 45.8 (38.0-52.0) mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 45.9 (35.0-58.5) mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 6.8 mg/LConcentration: 912000 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 797000-1040000 ug/L) /98% purity/For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for TOLUENE-2,4-DIAMINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 환경 거동 | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 1331 and 1346(2) indicate that toluene-2,4-diamine is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). The estimated pKa of toluene-2,4-diamine is 5.35(3), indicating that this compound will exist partially in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Aromatic amines are expected to bind strongly to humus or organic matter in soils due to the high reactivity of the aromatic amino group(8,9), suggesting that mobility may be much lower in some soils(SRC). Volatilization of toluene-2,4-diamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.5X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(5). Toluene-2,4-diamine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.70X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(6). Utilizing a shake flask test and soil inoculum, 35% 14-CO2 evolution was reached in 375 days(7) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil.AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 1331-1346(2), indicate that toluene-2,4-diamine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.5X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). An estimated pKa of 5.35(5) indicates toluene-2,4-diamine will exist partially in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), a BCF range of 1.9-3.3(7) suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 0% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(7) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), toluene-2,4-diamine, which has a vapor pressure of 1.70X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase toluene-2,4-diamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.92X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Particulate-phase toluene-2,4-diamine may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Toluene-2,4-diamine absorbs light at wavelengths of>294 nm(4) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). |
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| 유해 작용 | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
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| 노출 경로 | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol or vapour, through the skin and by ingestion.inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat.MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness.Redness. Pain.irritation eyes, skin, nose, throatdermatitisataxia, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, resp depressionmethemoglobinemia, cyanosis, headache, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), dizziness, bluish skinliver injury[potential occupational carcinogen] |
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| Ongoing Test Status | The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical.[Available from, as of November 6, 2012: http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=95-80-7] |
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| ICSC Environmental Data | The substance is toxic to aquatic organisms. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment. |
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| EPA IRIS Information | 2,4-Diaminotoluene |
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| TSCA 요건 | Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 1,3-Benzenediamine, 4-methyl- is included on this list. Effective date: 4/29/83Sunset date: 4/29/93. |
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| 대기 기준 | This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Toluene-2,4-diamine produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Toluene-2,4-diamine is included on this list. |
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| CERCLA 보고 수량 | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). /Toluenediamine/ |
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| 주 식수 지침 | (FL) FLORIDA 100 ug/L |
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