알코올 옥시다제

Specificity: Alcohol Oxidase is specific for short-chain, linear aliphatic alcohols and oxidizes methanol and ethanol. The following are oxidized at decreasing velocity rate: methanol = ethanol, npropanol, n-butanol. It also catalyzes the oxidation of allyl and propargyl alcohol, methyl and ethyl mercaptan and fromaldehyde at slower rates. Branched chain alcohols, C2-aldehydes or higher, ketones and organic acids are not substrates. However, some of these reagents can give false positive responses due to trace contamination with alcohol. Oxygen is the only known hydrogen acceptor. At air saturation, the apparent KM for alcohol oxidase is 0.7 mM using methanol and 9 mM using ethanol as the substrate. In oxygen saturated solutions the KM values are higher. The turnover number is 20 000 sec-1 . The optimum temperature range is 40 – 45oC. The pH optimum is 7.2 with a working range of 5.5 – 9.5. Inactivation: freezing does not inactivate the enzyme. Compared to other oxidases, it is relatively resistant to p-chloromercuribenzoate, heavy metals and hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide does not inactivate the enzyme at concentrations many times higher than those reported to inactivate previously-described yeast alcohol oxidases (Hansenula, Candida). Solubility of the enzyme is inversely related to temperature; refrigeration will often reverse cloudiness in solutions where precipitation is occurring. The enzyme is freely soluble in greater than 0.1 M Phosphate buffer above pH 7.0. The enzyme reversibly precipitates at below 0.05 M Phosphate and below pH 7.0. These boundaries can be extended under certain pH, temperature and ionic conditions. Alcohol Oxidase has a molecular weight of approximately 630 000 and is composed of eight subunits, each having one molecule of bound azide. Inhibitors include azide, Cu++, Ag+ , Hg++ , p-chloromercuribenzoate, hydroxylamine and NaF.

개요Alcohol oxidase (AOX, EC 1.1.3.13) is a flavoenzyme, an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the oxidation of alcohol to the corresponding carbonyl compound and simultaneously releases hydrogen peroxide.Alcohol oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of short-chain, primary, aliphatic alcohols to the respective aldehydes.RCH2OH + O2 -->RCHO + H2O2The enzyme has the highest affinity for methanol with the affinity decreasing with increasing chain length of the alkyl (R) group.Alcohol oxidase plays a major role in the metabolism of methanol resulting in the formation of formaldehyde and has been detected in several genera of yeasts, such as Candida, Pichia, and Hansenula, that utilize methanol as a sole carbon and energy source.Primarily localized in the peroxisome, alcohol oxidase has also been found in the cytoplasm. Monomers are synthesized in the cytosol and assembled into octomers in the peroxisome. Octomerization is thought to be chaparone mediated. Alcohol oxidase is of interest for the study of protein translocation into peroxisomes.

일반 설명Alcohol oxidase (AOX) is a homo-octamer, which has a molecular weight of 600-kDa. It has eight flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactors.It belongs to the glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidoreductase family.