N-(2-Chlorophenyl)thiourea

VERY SOL IN WATER; SLIGHTLY SOL IN AMMONIA

Sol in alcohol, benzene

294.8 to 295.7 °F (EPA, 1998)

146 °C

146 °C

0.00035 [mmHg]

0.000002 [mm Hg] @25 °C

Thiourea, (2-chlorophenyl)- appears as needles or plates. Used as an herbicide. Not registered as a pesticide in the U.S. (EPA, 1998)

Solid; [HSDB] White crystalline powder; [Alfa Aesar MSDS] Colorless odorless solid; [FAHAZMAT]

Danger

H300 (97.8%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

P261, P264, P270, P272, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 46 reports by companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

P026; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 1-(o-chlorophenyl)thiourea, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Thiourea, (2-Chlorophenyl)- is included on this list.

When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of chlorides, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. [EPA, 1998]. Organosulfides are incompatible with acids, diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents. Reactions with these materials generate heat and in many cases hydrogen gas. Many of these compounds may liberate hydrogen sulfide upon decomposition or reaction with an acid.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P026, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids.

0.014 [mg/m3]

0.15 [mg/m3]

0.91 [mg/m3]

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

TERRESTRIAL FATE: 2-Chlorophenylthiourea may undergo significant covalent bonding with humic materials in soil which would result in significant adsorption and a chemical conversion to a latent form. If bonding does not occur, significant leaching is possible. Direct photolysis on soil surfaces exposed to sunlight may be possible since 2-chlorophenylthiourea weakly absorbs sunlight. No data are available regarding biodegradation or other chemical degradation processes in soil. (SRC)

AQUATIC FATE: Aquatic volatilization and bioconcentration are not expected to be important with respect to 2-chlorophenylthiourea. 2-Chlorophenylthiourea may undergo significant covalent bonding with humic materials in natural water which would result in significant adsorption and a chemical conversion to a latent form. If bonding does not occur, sorption to humic material in suspended solids and sediments will not be important. Direct photolysis may be possible since 2-chlorophenylthiourea weakly absorbs sunlight. No data are available regarding biodegradation or other chemical degradation processes in water. (SRC)

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: When released to the atmosphere in the vapor-phase, 2- chlorophenylthiourea will degrade rapidly (estimated half-life of 4.3 hr) by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. However, the vapor pressure of 2-chlorophenylthiourea may be low enough to permit a significant fraction of the 2-chlorophenylthiourea released to air to exist in the adsorbed-particulate phase rather than in the vapor-phase. Physical removal from the atmosphere may be possible via wet and dry deposition. (SRC)

Based on an estimated log Kow of 1.20(1), the Koc for 2-chlorophenylthiourea can be estimated to range from 11-107 using various regression-derived equations(2,SRC); these Koc estimations indicate high to very high soil mobility(3). Although high soil mobility can be predicted from the log Kow value, 2-chlorophenylthiourea may undergo significant adsorption in soil due to a covalent bonding with humic materials(SRC). Secondary amines (such as N-methylaniline) have been observed to undergo covalent bonding with humates(4) an initial rapid (and reversible) bonding phase is followed by a slow reaction (that is not readily reversible) in which the amine compound is chemically altered to yield an amino-substituted quinone(4). This covalent bonding process represents a mechanism in which aromatic amines may be converted to latent form in the biosphere(4).

In the manufacture of rubber, irritant contact dermatitis may occur from a variety of acids, alkalies, detergents, and solvents used in the process. Allergic contact dermatitis occurs not infrequently and is almost always due to an organic accelerator or antioxidant. While the list of potential sensitizing accelerators and antioxidants is enormous, common allergens include ... thioureas. /Thioureas/

The Henry's Law Constant for 2-chlorophenylthiourea can be estimated to be less than 1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C using a structure activity relationship estimation method(1,SRC). A Henry's Law Constant of this magnitude indicates that a compound will not volatilize from water(2).

N-ARYLTHIOUREA DERIVATIVES, INCLUDING 2-CHLOROPHENYLTHIOUREA, WERE PREPARED, ANALYZED & TESTED FOR THEIR INHIBITORY EFFECT ON DEHYDROGENASE, ISOLATED FROM DRIED PEA SEEDS (PISUM SATIVUM). THE INHIBITORY EFFECTS CAUSED BY CL-SUBSTITUTION WAS GREATER THAN THAT OF METHYL SUBSTITUTION.

ARYLATED THIOUREAS, INCLUDING 2-CHLOROPHENYLTHIOUREA, INHIBITED THE GROWTH OF SYNCHRONIZED CULTURES OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS IN A CONCN DEPENDENT MANNER. TWO SEPARATE FUNCTIONS WERE FOUND FOR META-, PARA- & ORTHO DERIVATIVES. THE FUNCTIONS PERMIT FORECASTING THE HERBICIDAL EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT SUBSTITUENTS IN THE THIOUREAS. INCREASING THE HYDROPHOBIC CHARACTER OF THESE CMPD ENHANCES THE HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-chlorophenylthiourea with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated to be 89.2X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1,SRC); assuming an average atmospheric hydroxyl radical concn of 5X10+5 molecules/cu cm, the half-life for this reaction is estimated to be 4.3 hours(1,SRC). 2-Chlorophenylthiourea (in a methanol solvent) absorbs UV light in the region between 290-320 nm(1); although the absorbance is relatively weak, there may be a potential for direct photolysis in the environment(SRC).

No experimental data are available to directly predict the environmental fate of 2-chlorophenylthiourea. 2-Chlorophenylthiourea absorbs sunlight relatively weakly which may suggest a potential for direct photolysis. Additional estimations of 2-chlorophenylthiourea's environmental fate are based on its chemical structure and physical properties. If released to the atmosphere, 2-chlorophenylthiourea should degrade rapidly in the vapor-phase (half-life of 4.3 hr estimated from chemical structure) by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. It may additionally exist in air in the adsorbed-particulate phase. If released to soil or water, covalent bonding to humic materials may be important. The covalent bonding process may represent a mechanism by which 2-chlorophenylthiourea may be converted to a latent form in the biosphere. If bonding does not occur, 2-chlorophenylthiourea should leach through most soils and sorption to sediments in water will not be important. No data are available regarding biodegradation in soil or water. There are no data available which suggest that the general population is exposed to 2-chlorophenylthiourea. (SRC)

P026; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 1-(o-chlorophenyl)thiourea, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Thiourea, (2-Chlorophenyl)- is included on this list.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Not commercially manufactured or used in the US; [HSDB] Used as an herbicide; [CAMEO]

Not registered as a pesticide for use in the US; [CAMEO]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

2-Chlorophenylthiourea is not manufactured or used as end-product industrially in the USA.

Thiourea, N-(2-chlorophenyl)-: ACTIVE

2-Chlorophenylthiourea is not manufactured or used as end-product industrially in the USA.