벤질아민

Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective.；Fire Extinguishing Agents: Alcohol foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

Powder, alcohol-resistant foam, water spray, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Cautiously neutralize remainder. Then wash away with plenty of water. Extra personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D002, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for benzylamine: concentration process: biological treatment.

This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Cautiously neutralize remainder. Then wash away with plenty of water.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:；IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.；SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.；FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

A total of 224 expired air samples were collected from 28 healthy, non-smoking volunteers in Chicago(1); approximately 18% of the samples contained benzylamine at a geometric mean concentration of about 0.1 ng/L(1). In another study, a total of 387 expired air samples were collected from 54 healthy volunteers in Chicago(1); approximately 12% of the samples contained benzylamine at a geometric mean concentration of about 0.007 ng/L(2).

Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) is highly expressed in adipose cells, and substrates of SSAO, such as benzylamine, in combination with low concentrations of vanadate strongly stimulate glucose transport and GLUT4 recruitment in 3T3-L1 and rat adipocytes. ... Acute intravenous administration of these drugs enhanced glucose tolerance in nondiabetic rats and in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. This occurred in the absence of changes in plasma insulin concentrations. However, the administration of benzylamine or vanadate alone did not improve glucose tolerance. The improvement caused by benzylamine plus vanadate was abolished when rats were pretreated with the SSAO-inhibitor semicarbazide. Chronic administration of benzylamine and vanadate exerted potent antidiabetic effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Although daily administration of vanadate alone (50 and 25 umol/kg/day i.p.) for 2 weeks had little or no effect on glycemia, vanadate plus benzylamine reduced hyperglycemia in diabetic rats, enhanced basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport, and upregulated GLUT4 expression in isolated adipocytes...

Benzylamine, a substrate of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), stimulates glucose transport in rat adipocytes and improves glucose disposal in diabetic rats only in the presence of vanadate. These effects have been described to result from a synergism between the hydrogen peroxide formed during amine oxidation and vanadate, via the generation of pervanadate, a powerful insulin mimicker. However, it has also been reported that benzylamine alone can stimulate glucose uptake and inhibit lipolysis in human fat cells. ...This work ... investigated whether benzylamine on its own was able to induce both in vivo and in vitro insulin-like responses in animal models other than rat. In rabbits, the i.v. infusion of 7 umol/kg benzylamine before a glucose tolerance test resulted in a net reduction of the hyperglycemic response without a change in insulin secretion. Benzylamine also improved glucose tolerance and reduced lipid mobilization in hyperglycemic/obese mice. In vitro, 0.1 mM benzylamine stimulated glucose transport and inhibited lipolysis in mouse and rabbit adipocytes. These effects were blocked by previous treatments with semicarbazide, a SSAO inhibitor. Levels of benzylamine oxidation were more elevated in mouse than in rabbit adipose tissues, whereas the reverse was observed for skeletal muscles. Finally, benzylamine was unable to stimulate insulin secretion by isolated pancreatic islets from both species and SSAO activity was hardly detectable in pancreas. Together, /these/ results bring evidence that benzylamine on its own can improve glucose tolerance in rabbit and mouse, likely by stimulating glucose uptake via amine oxidase activation in insulin-sensitive tissues.

In mice deprived of food for 12 h, the i.c.v. or i.p. administration of benzylamine, a substrate common to both monoamine oxidase B and semicarbazide-sensitive benzylamine oxidases, dose-dependently inhibited feeding. This effect was significantly potentiated by selective monoamine oxidase A and B inhibition, suggesting that central monoamines, known to be substrates of these enzymes may be released. The i.p. administration of semicarbazide-sensitive benzylamine oxidase inhibitors, B24 (3,5-ethoxy-4-aminomethylpyridine) and MDL 72274 ((E)-2-phenyl-3-chloroallylamine) strongly potentiated the effect of i.p. but not i.c.v.-administered benzylamine. The hypophagic effect of benzylamine was evaluated following i.c.v. administration, in comparison with the effect of the sympathomimetic compound amphetamine or the K(+) channel blocker tetraethylammonium, as reference compounds. Our results make it possible to define benzylamine as a centrally acting hypophagic compound devoid of amphetamine-like motor stimulatory effects and point to a role of B24 and MDL 72274 as specific peripheral enhancers of the pharmacological effects of benzylamine.

Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were treated with benzylamine (BZA) +/- vanadate (V) or insulin. In contrast to insulin, BZA + V treatment did not reduce HbA(1C) levels. However, it reduced the elevated serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase/vascular adhesion protein-1 (SSAO) activity, decreased the accumulation of advanced-glycation end products and increased the bioavailability of nitric oxide in diabetic animals, similarly to insulin. BZA alone did not affect any of these parameters.

For more Interactions (Complete) data for Benzylamine (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow); Conditions: flow through, 23.9 °C, pH 7.9, dissolved oxygen 6.9 mg/L, hardness 44.7 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 44.0 mg/L CaCO3; Concentration: 102 mg/L for 96 hr (confidence limit: 97.9-106 mg/L)

EC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow); Conditions: flow through, 23.9 °C, pH 7.9, dissolved oxygen 6.9 mg/L, hardness 44.7 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 44.0 mg/L CaCO3; Concentration: 98 mg/L for 96 hr (confidence limit: 94.5-102 mg/L); Effect: loss of equilibrium

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow, age 30 days, 0.087 g, 18.2 mm); Conditions: freshwater, flow through, 23.9 °C, pH 7.9, hardness 44.7 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 44.0 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 6.9 mg/L; Concentration: 102000 ug/L (97900-106000 ug/L) for 96 hr /99% pure/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 270(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.09(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that benzylamine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of benzylamine is 9.33(4), indicating that this compound will entirely exist in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of benzylamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given the predominance of the cationic state at pH values of 5 to 9(7). Benzylamine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.662 mm Hg at 25 °C(8). Multiple biodegradation screening studies reported that benzylamine degraded 53-101% after 4-30 days(9,10)suggesting that biodegradation is expected to be an important fate process in terrestrial environments(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 270(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.09(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that benzylamine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 9.33(6) indicates benzylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(7). According to a classification scheme(8), an estimated BCF of 2.4(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Benzylamine degraded 96.1-98.9% after 6 days in lake water(10), indicating benzylamine will biodegrade in aquatic environments(SRC). However, biodegradation may be attenuated by adsorption to suspended sediments(11,12).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), benzylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 0.662 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase benzylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Benzylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The following concentrations of benzylamine (in mg/kg) were detected in samples of fresh vegetables: spinach, 6.1; red cabbage, 3.3; cabbage, 2.8; cauliflower, 1.4; kale, 3.8; white beet, 5.3; carrots, 2.8; red beet, 0.1; large radish, 1.8; red radish, 4.8; celery, 3.4. Benzylamine concentrations (in mg/kg) were detected in the following foods: maize, grains, 3.4; green salad, 11.5; rhubard, 2.9; apple flesh, 0.3; apple peel, 0.6(1).

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.

Pain. Redness. Skin burns. Blisters.

Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns.

Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

The Koc of benzylamine is estimated as 270(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.09(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that benzylamine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. The pKa of benzylamine is 9.33(4), indicating that this compound will almost entirely exist in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Corrosive to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. Inhalation of vapor may cause lung edema ... The symptoms of lung edema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed, and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation is therefore essential. Immediate administration of an appropriate spray, by a doctor or a person authorized by him/her, should be considered.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation: Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Labored breathing. Symptoms may be delayed. Skin: Pain. Redness. Skin burns. Blisters. Eyes: Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns. Ingestion: Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Highly irritating to skin, mucous membranes.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Benzylamine is an irritating, corrosive liquid. The vapor irritates the eyes and the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. The solution irritates and corrodes the skin. Long-term exposure can cause eczema.

/CASE REPORTS/ The case of a 48 year old chemist who developed a work related dermatitis after handling epichlorohydrin, benzylamine, and benzyl-1-amino-3-chloro-2-hydroxypropane was described. The patient presented with a dermatitis of the hands and face which subsided after a few days away from work. He used the compounds as chemical intermediates in the potential synthesis of agricultural chemicals, and his dermatitis developed shortly after he had contact with the materials. The clinical history included hay fever, and positive inhalation responses to house dust, grass pollen, and animal dander were obtained. A weak reaction to formaldehyde was found in patch tests with the ICDRG standard series. Patch tests to epichlorohydrin were negative. Patch tests to benzylamine and benzyl-1-amino-3-chloro-2-hydroxypropane were positive. These compounds were tested at 0.1 and 1% in 70% ethanol. Ten comparisons had negative patch tests to these compounds. It was concluded that the positive reactions in the patient are allergic reactions which probably demonstrate cross sensitivity.

Chemical: Benzenemethanamine

Benzenemethanamine is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Benzenemethanamine are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 20-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/5667；Status: Active Update: 19-12-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/20033

Benzylamine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Benzylamine is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

Used as a chemical intermediate; [HSDB]

In organic synthesis

Chemical intermediate for dyes, pharmaceuticals and polymers

... raw material for the production of biotin (Vitamin H), as an intermediate for certain photographic materials..

In synthetic textiles, in paints, and as a corrosion inhibitor ... an intermediate in the production of ... compounds for plant and material protection. In this case ... as "protected nitrogen"

Reaction with glyoxal hemiacetal to synthesize 1-substituted isoquinolines.

2023: <75,000 lb；2022: <75,000 lb；2021: <75,000 lb；2020: 75,000 - <500,000 lb

Benzenemethanamine is listed as an Extended High Production Volume (EHPV). Chemicals listed as EHPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds according to the 2002 Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Update. The EHPV program is a voluntary initiative that allows companies to demonstrate that adequate screening data exist for organic HPV chemicals.

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#4171]

Production volume for non-confidential chemicals reported under the 2006 Inventory Update Rule. Chemical: Benzenemethanamine. Aggregated National Production Volume: < 500,000 pounds.

Benzylamine is produced by the reaction of benzyl chloride with ammonia in aqueous solution. The catalytic hydrogenation of benzonitrile and the reaction of benzaldehyde with ammonia in the presence of hydrogen and catalysts are alternatives.

Preparation: benzyl chloride and ammonia; by reduction of benzonitrile; from benzyl bromide and acetamide; from N-benzylphthalimide and hydrazine hydrate.

Paint and Coating Manufacturing；All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Benzenemethanamine: ACTIVE