1,3- 디페닐구아니딘

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used. (NTP, 1992)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

EC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea; immobilization)17 mg/L 48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/

LC50 Oryzias latipes (Medaka) 10 mg/L 48 hr Static or semi-static

LC50 Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) 9.6 mg/L 96 hr, Static

LC50 Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) 11 mg/L 96 hr, Static

LC50 Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow) 4.2 mg/L 96 hr, Static

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5,900(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that N,N'-diphenylguanidine is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of N,N'-diphenylguanidine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.1X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). N,N'-Diphenylguanidine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 8.4X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). N,N'-diphenylguanidine reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge and the Japanese MITI test(5), indicating that biodegradation in soil is not an important environmental fate process(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5,900(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that N,N'-diphenylguanidine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). The pKa of N,N'-diphenylguanidine is 10.12(3), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to suspended solids and sediment than their neutral counterparts(4). N,N'-Diphenylguanidine will exist almost entirely as a cation at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. According to a classification scheme(5), BCFs of <2 and <20(6) suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation rates of 18% and 9% in river water and sea water, respectively, after a 3-day cultivation period(7), indicates that biodegradation in water may not be an important environmental fate process(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), N,N'-diphenylguanidine, which has an estimated vapor pressure 8.4X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases. Vapor-phase N,N'-diphenylguanidine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.5 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase N,N'-diphenylguanidine may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

Redness. Pain.

Abdominal pain.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=102-06-7]

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for N,N'-diphenylguanidine can be estimated to be 5,900(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that N,N'-diphenylguanidine is expected to be immobile in soil. The pKa of N,N'-diphenylguanidine is 10.12(3), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in the protonated form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Occupational accidental exposure of workers to /n,n'-diphenylguanidine/ (DPG) can cause burning of the eyelids, reddening of the eyes, a bitter taste in the mouth and a painful sensation in the esophagus; flabbiness of the gums and a reduction in the acidity of the gastric juice, tending to achylia, were also reported.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ /Investigators/ ... found that Spanish agricultural workers with a contact dermatitis had a significantly higher sensitization to 1,3-diphenylguanidine than a contact dermatitis control group working in another profession (11.76% versus 5.32%). The authors attributed this to possible cross-reactions with pesticides, as some of these substances (e.g. Cyprex) are guanidine derivatives and others (e.g. the cyanamides) possess a similar chemical structure.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Patch testing of 49 human volunteers with 70 % /n,n'-diphenylguanidine/ (DPG) in petrolatum produced no positive reactions following initial application; 19 of the 49 subjects displayed positive reactions during subsequent exposures. Two subjects displayed positive reactions upon rechallenge 2 weeks later.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Occupational allergic dermatosis was observed in rubber workers and was caused by rubber additives such as diphenylguanidine.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Workers (29-58 years old) occupationally exposed for 3-15 years to /n,n'-diphenylguanidine/ DPG were /examined/; 30 % of the examined subjects different complaints were reported, mostly gastritis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, neurological disturbances and dermatitis; beside these symptoms in some patients bronchial asthma, rhinitis, neuropathy, polyathritis, hypertonia and lithiasis were diagnosed and the liver function was disturbed: changes in the protein metabolism and increased bilirubin levels.

N,N'-Diphenylguanidine, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1). N,N'-Diphenylguanidine present at 20 mg/L in river water or sea water was 18% and 9% degraded, respectively, after a 3-day cultivation period(2). Therefore this compound is not expected to biodegrade rapidly.

Used as a vulcanization accelerator, an activator for other rubber accelerators, and a primary material for standardizing acids; [HSDB] Formerly was contained in Carbamix used to patch test for allergic contact dermatitis; Workers may be exposed to rubber items in homemaking and in the metal, health, laboratory, and building industries; [Kanerva, p. 1789]

Primary material for standardizing acids; free base and phthalate as accelerators for vulcanization of rubber.

Vulcanization accelerator for natural and synthetic rubbers.

Activator for other rubber accelerators.

(1979) No Data

(1981) No Data

(1979) 1.76X10+8 GRAMS (PRINCPL CUSTMS DISTS)

(1981) 8.88X10+8 GRAMS (PRINCPL CUSTMS DISTS)

2023: 2,500,000 - <4,000,000 lb

Guanidine, N,N'-diphenyl- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

(1979) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS

(1981) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS

The expected production volume of 1,3-Diphenylguanidine in year 2000 is ... 2400 tonnes/year in the USA.

Treatment of aniline with cyanogen chloride.

... DPG ... /is/ prepared by reaction of cyanogen chloride with aniline ... in a molar ratio of 1:2.

Reaction of cyanogen chloride with an aqueous solution of aniline followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide; reaction of N,N'-diphenylthiourea with ammonium hydroxide in the presence of a catalyst, eg, potassium hydroxide & lead oxide

Other (requires additional information)

Guanidine, N,N'-diphenyl-: ACTIVE

Promoted lettuce seed germination.

The expected production volume of 1,3-Diphenylguanidine in year 2000 is 2400 tonnes/year in Europe, 2400 tonnes/year in the USA, an amount of 5300 tonnes/year for Asia and 11100 tonnes per year for the world.