부탄
부탄 · 부타디엔0.1%w/w이상함유하는부탄 · BUTANE · r600 · n-Butan · Batane · n-C4H10 · BUTANES
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 106-97-8 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | C4H10 |
| 평균 분자량 | 58.12 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 58.07825032 g/mol |
| SMILES | CCCC |
| InChIKey | IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 7843 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL134702 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:37808 |
| EC No. | 203-448-7 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID7024665 |
| 현지명 | 부탄 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| XLogP | 2.9 |
|---|---|
| 극성 표면적 | 0 |
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 0 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 0 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 1 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 4 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 2 |
| 물질 분류 | Flammable agents - 4th degreeVolatile Organic Compound (VOC) |
| Solvents | Solvents -> Aliphatics, Saturated (<C12) |
| 화장품 | Cosmetics ingredient -> Other (Specify)Cosmetic ingredients (Butane) -> CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review)Cosmetic ingredients (n-Butane) -> CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review)Propellant |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Coriolis coupling |
| LogP(분배 계수) | log Kow = 2.892.74 |
| 냄새 | Faint, disagreeable odor희미하고 불쾌한 냄새 |
| 식품 첨가물 | PROPELLANT -> FDA Substance added to food |
| 밀도 | 0.6 at 32 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float0.573 g/cu cm at 25 °C (p>1 atm)Liquid density (at saturation pressure15.6 °C), kg/cu m: 583.0 /from table/Relative density (water = 1): 0.60.599 @25 °C0.579 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.) |
| Viscosity | 7.5 at 300 K9.9 at 400 K12.2 at 500 K14.5 at 600 K (all in uPa.s) (gas) |
| Color/Form | Colorless gas [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. A liquid below 31 degrees F] |
| 용해도 | 61 mg/L at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)In water, 61.2 mg/L at 25 °CVery soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, chloroformSolubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.0061SlightChloroform: Sparingly soluble: 1-10 mg/mlMethanol: Slightly soluble: 0.1-1 mg/ml |
| Corrosivity | Has no corrosive action on metals |
| 녹는점 | −138 °C(lit.) |
| 끓는 점 | −0.5 °C(lit.) |
| 증기 밀도 | 2.11 (vs air) |
| 증기압 | 3.21, 1.26, and 0.66 mM at 4, 25, and 50 °C, respectively (Kresheck et al., 1965) |
| 굴절률 | 1.3326 |
| 인화점 | 45 |
| 물리적 상태 | 가스 |
| Flame Color | Bright blue |
| 후각 역치 | 1200ppm |
| 용해도 | 73.24mg/L(25℃) |
| 비열 | Cp(liquid): 2.42 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 1515 |
| BRN | 969129 |
| 헨리 상수 | (atmm3/mol): 0.356 at 5 °C, 0.454 at 10 °C, 0.568 at 15 °C, 0.695 at 20 °C, 0.835 at 25 °C (Ben-Naim et al., 1973) |
| 유전율 | 1.4(-1℃) |
| 안정성 | 안정적인. 가연성이 매우 높습니다. 공기와 쉽게 폭발성 혼합물을 형성합니다. 낮은 인화점을 참고하세요. 강한 산화제, 강산, 강알칼리와 호환되지 않습니다. |
| 화장품 원료 기능 | 첨가물 |
| InChI | 1S/C4H10/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CCCC |
| LogP(분배 계수) | 2.890 |
| EPA | Butane (106-97-8) |
안전 및 규제
| GHS 분류 | DangerH220: Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, and P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)P203, P210, P222, P280, P318, P377, P381, P403, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| 규제 정보 | Chemical: ButaneHazard Traits - CarcinogenicityGenotoxicityButane is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Butane are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 02-03-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15434Butane: HSNO Approval: HSR000989 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| 기타 안전 정보 | IMAP assessments - Butane: Human health tier I assessment |
| 운송 라벨(DOT) | Flammable Gas |
| 화재 위험 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:· EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.Extremely flammable. Gas/air mixtures are explosive. |
| 화재 가능성 | Highly flammable, dangerous fire ... risk.Flammable in the presence of an oxidizing gas (eg air), a source of ignitino, and when the concentration of the gas is between the lower and upper explosive limits. Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame/hotsurface/oxidizing gas. No smoking.Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame... |
| 건강 유해성 | High exposure produces drowsiness but no other evidence of systemic effect. (USCG, 1999)· Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning, especially when in closed or confined areas. |
| 유해성 요약 | Possible frostbite from contact with liquid[NIOSH] TLV Basis is CNS impairmentCaused drowsiness in 6 men and 6 women after exposure to 1% (10,000 ppm) for 10 minutes |
용도
개요
Butane is a flammable, colorless gas that follows propane in the alkane series. Butane is also called n-butane, with the “n” designating it as normal butane, the straight chain isomer. Butane’s other isomer is isobutane. The chemical name of isobutane is 2-methylpropane. Isomers are different compounds that have the same molecular formula. Normal butane and isobutane are two different compounds, and the name butane is used collectively to denote both n-butane and isobutane; the names n-butane and isobutane are used to distinguish properties and chemical characteristics unique to each compound. Butane, along with propane, is a major component of liquefied petroleum gas . It exists as a liquid under moderate pressure or below 0℃ at atmospheric pressure, which makes it ideal for storage and transportation in liquid form.
역사
Butane is extracted from natural gas and is also obtained during petroleum refining. Butane can be obtained from natural gas by compression, adsorption, or absorption. All three processes were used in the early days of the LPG industry, but compression and adsorption were generally phased out during the 20th century. Most butane now is obtained from absorption and separation from oil.
용도
n-Butane can be obtained from natural gas and from refinery hydro cracker streams. Most of the n-butane goes into fuel additive uses. The major chemical use is as a feedstock for ethylene production by cracking . The other important chemical uses for butane are in oxidation to acetic acid and in the production of maleic anhydride. In the past, butane also was the main feedstock for the production of butadiene by dehydrogenation, but it has been replaced by coproduct butadiene obtained from ethylene production. Ethylene. The largest potential chemical market for n-butane is in steam cracking to ethylene and coproducts. n-Butane is a supplemental feedstock for olefin plants and has accounted for 1-4 percent of total ethylene production for most years since 1970. It can be used at up to 10-15 percent ofthe total feed in ethane/propane crackers with no major modifications . n-Butane can also be used as a supplemental feed at as high as 20-30 percent in heavy naphtha crackers. The consumption of C4S has fluctuated considerably from year to year since 1970, depending on the relative price ofbutane and other feedstocks. The yield of ethylene is only 36-40 percent, with the other products including methane, propylene, ethane, and butadiene, acetylene, and butylenes. About 2-3 billion Ib of butane are consumed annually to produce ethylene.
일반 설명
N-BUTANE is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor. For transportation N-BUTANE may be stenched. N-BUTANE is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. N-BUTANE is easily ignited. Its vapors are heavier than air. Any leak can be either liquid or vapor. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. N-BUTANE is used as a fuel, an aerosol propellant, in cigarette lighters, and to make other chemicals.