홈MCP워크벤치Skills
홈워크벤치알림마이페이지
Huagongshe 오픈 프로젝트：[email protected]AI 접속: llms.txt · MCP 가이드개인정보처리방침 · 이용약관 · 지원v1.7.8
돌아가기
Huagongshe화공사 화학 정보 인쇄 보고서 · 연구 참고용
HCID 7857생성일: 2026년 10월 27일

포름알데히드 시아노히드린

포름알데하이드시아노히드린 · 포름알데히드시아노히드린 · 2-HYDROXYACETONITRILE · HYDROXYACETONITRILE · Acetonitrile, hydroxy- · FORMALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN · Glyconitrile · HOCH2CN

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/7857

포름알데히드 시아노히드린 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.107-16-4
분자식C2H3NO
평균 분자량57.05 g/mol
단동위원소 질량57.02146372 g/mol
SMILESN#CCO
InChIKeyLTYRAPJYLUPLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID7857
ChEBICHEBI:137685
EC No.203-469-1
DTXSIDDTXSID3025417
현지명포름알데히드 시아노히드린

화학 및 물리적 성질

XLogP-0.7
극성 표면적44
수소 결합 공여자 수1
수소 결합 수용자 수2
회전 가능 결합 수0
무거운 원자 수4
형식 전하0
복잡도41.2
물질 분류Nitrogen Compounds -> Nitriles
SpringerMaterials PropertiesElectric dipole moment
LogP(분배 계수)-1.6
냄새OdorlessOdor similar to that of hydrogen cyanide
맛SWEETISH TASTE
밀도1.1 at 66 °F (NIOSH, 2024) - Denser than waterwill sink1.10Relative density (water = 1): 1.11.1 @25 °C(66 °F): 1.101.076 g/mL at 20 °C
Color/FormCOLORLESS, WATER-WHITE, OILY LIQUID
용해도greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)Very soluble in water, ethanol, and ethyl etherinsoluble in benzene.Soluble in water, ethanol, and diethyl ether but insoluble in chloroform and benzene.Solubility in water: good
인화점greater than 200 °F (NTP, 1992)Flash point > 200 °F133 °F
끓는 점361 °F at 760 mmHg with slight decomposition (EPA, 1998)183 °C (slight decomp)183 °C @760 [mm Hg]361 °F (Decomposes)183°C
DecompositionWhen heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxide/ and /cyanides/.
녹는점Less than -98 °F (EPA, 1998)less than -72 °C<-98 °F-72°C
굴절률n20/D 1.389
pKa(산도 계수)11.31±0.10(Predicted)
용해도20°C에서 >=10g/100mL
헨리 상수1.3×100 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015)
유전율27.0(20℃)
안정성안정적이지만 알칼리와 격렬하게 반응할 수 있습니다. 강한 산화제와 호환되지 않습니다.
InChI1S/C2H3NO/c3-1-2-4/h4H,2H2
InChIKeyLTYRAPJYLUPLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESOCC#N
NISTAcetonitrile, hydroxy-(107-16-4)
EPAFormaldehyde cyanohydrin (107-16-4)

화학적 성질

light yellow liquid (typically available as a concentrated. Glycolonitrile [107-16-4], hydroxyacetonitrile, formaldehyde cyanohydrin, HOCH2CN, Mr 57.05, bp 183℃ (slight decomp.), d154 1.104, n20D1.4117. Anhydrous glycolonitrile is a colorless liquid which is miscible with water, ethanol and diethyl ether.

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류DangerH300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 94 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]
규제 정보Acetonitrile, 2-hydroxy- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Acetonitrile, 2-hydroxy- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Acetonitrile, hydroxy-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.
운송 라벨(DOT)Poison
화재 위험Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or by spontaneous chemical reaction in the presence of alkalies if uninhibited. When heated to decomposition, it emits highly toxic fumes of cyanide and nitrogen oxides. Unstable, may explode on standing. Hazardous polymerization may occur. avoid the presence of alkalis, and exposure to heat. (EPA, 1998)Combustible.
건강 유해성Extremely toxic, exposure by any route should be avoidedmay have fatal consequencesdeath from asphyxiation may occur similar to that resulting from hydrogen cyanide. (EPA, 1998)
유해성 요약Can cause cyanide poisoning by inhalation or skin routes of exposure[HSDB] A lachrymator[CHEMINFO] See NITRILES.
반응성 그룹Alcohols and Polyols
UN 분류UN Hazard Class: 6.1UN Pack Group: II
RCRA 요건D003A solid waste containing glycolonitrile may become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to testing for reactivity as stipulated in 40 CFR 261.23, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.

용도

용도

Solvent and organic intermediate.

일반 설명

Odorless colorless oil with a sweetish taste. Used in the manufacture of intermediates in pharmaceutical production, as a component of synthetic resins, as a chemical intermediate for organic compounds, and as a solvent.

제조 및 합성 방법

생산 방법

Glycolonitrile is the result of reaction between formaldehyde and aqueous sodium cyanide in the presence of mineral acid.

Reactivity AlertsPolymerizable
Reactivity ProfileFORMALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN may undergo spontaneous and violent decomposition. Traces of alkali (base) promote violent polymerization [Lewis].
Chemical DangersThe substance may violently polymerize under the influence of traces of acids and bases. This generates fire or explosion hazard. Decomposes on heating. This produces toxic fumes including hydrogen cyanide and nitrogen oxides.
Flammable LimitsCombustible Liquid
소화(Non-Specific -- Acetonitrile) Cool containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far away as possible. Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Wear boots, protective gloves, and goggles.Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide.
응급 조치Fresh air, rest. No mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Refer for medical attention .
응급 처치Warning: Formaldehyde cyanohydrin exposure by any route (oral, dermal, inhalation) may produce cyanide poisoning.(General first aid procedures)
안전 보관Separated from food and feedstuffs, acids and bases. Cool. Store only if stabilized.
비화재 누출 대응(Non-Specific -- Acetonitrile) Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid. Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. (EPA, 1998)
처리 방법Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D003 must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste. /Cyanide cmpd/A poor candidate for incineration. /Cyanides/
누출 처리Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Preventive MeasuresThe worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.All nitriles should be handled under carefully controlled conditions and only by personnel having a thorough understanding and knowledge of safe handling techniques. Because of the nature of nitrile cmpd and the lack of complete toxicity data on many nitriles, care should be exercised in handling these cmpd to avoid inhalation of the vapors, ingestion, and contact with the skin. /Nitriles/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for GLYCOLONITRILE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Isolation and EvacuationExcerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:
Eye PreventionWear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Fire PreventionNO open flames.
Inhalation RiskNo indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.
상호 작용The toxic mechanism of nitriles (including propionitrile) and the effect of metabolic modifiers in mice were studied in relation to their physicochemical properties. All the test nitriles liberated cyanide both in vivo and in vitro, with the exception of benzonitrile, although the extent of liberation and the effect of carbon tetrachloride pretreatment on the mortality of animals differed among nitriles. From these results, test compounds were tentatively divided into 3 groups. In group 1, acute toxicity was greatly reduced by carbon tetrachloride pretreatment, in group 2, toxicity was not significantly changed or was somewhat enhanced, and in group 3, benzonitrile only, toxicity was clearly enhanced. The amount of cyanide was higher at death in the brains of mice given group 1 compounds, the level being comparable to that found in mice killed by dosing with potassium cyanide. The relation between log (1/LD50) and log p for the compounds in group 1 fitted a parabolic plot, while that for compounds in group 2 was linear. For most nitriles, the in vitro metabolism was inhibited when the incubation mixture contained either SKF-525A, carbon monoxide, or microsomes from mice treated with carbon tetrachloride. When mice were dosed with ethyl alcohol, metabolic enhancement of nitriles was seen compared with the control. However, ethyl alcohol, when added to the incubation mixture, inhibited the in vitro metabolism of nitriles. /Nitriles/
표적 장기Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system
환경 거동TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that glycolonitrile is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of glycolonitrile from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(3). Glycolonitrile is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 0.8 mm Hg(4).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that glycolonitrile is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 61 hrs and 30 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 0.5(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -1.6(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), glycolonitrile, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 0.8 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase glycolonitrile is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 21 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.61X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).
유해 작용Other Poison - Chemical Asphyxiant
노출 경로The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
Signs and SymptomsDizziness. Lethargy. Headache. Shortness of breath. Weakness. Blue lips, fingernails and skin.MAY BE ABSORBED! Further see Inhalation.MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Further see Inhalation.irritation eyes, skin, respiratory systemheadache, dizziness, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), confusion, convulsionsdyspnea (breathing difficulty)abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
ICSC Environmental DataThis substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to aquatic organisms.
Soil Adsorption/MobilityUsing a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for glycolonitrile can be estimated to be about 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that glycolonitrile is expected to have very high mobility in soil.
Human Toxicity Excerpts... STUDIES ... INDICATE THAT IT IS A HIGHLY TOXIC SUBSTANCE & EXPOSURE BY ANY ROUTE MUST BE STRICTLY AVOIDED. DIRECT CONTACT WITH EXPOSED SKIN GIVES NO IMMEDIATE /SENSATION/. IT IS ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN, & IF NOT IMMEDIATELY REMOVED, MAY HAVE FATAL CONSEQUENCES.EXPOSURE TO TOXIC NITRILES MAY RAPIDLY CAUSE DEATH BY ASPHYXIATION SIMILAR TO THAT RESULTING FROM ... HYDROGEN CYANIDE. /NITRILES/BEECH-NUT MEAL CONTAMINATED WITH GLYCOLONITRILE LED TO PROLONGED DEADLY POISONING WITH HYDROCYANIC ACID IN 3 PERSONS. HISTOTOXIC HYPOXYDOSIS WAS EXPRESSED BY SYMMETRIC NECROSIS OF NUCLEUS LENTIFORMIS WHICH WAS DISTINGUISHABLE FROM OTHER HISTOLOGICAL BRAIN CHANGES.NITRILES ARE ORG CYANIDES. ACRYLONITRILE, PROPIONITRILE & SOME OTHERS RESEMBLE CYANIDES IN TOXICITY. OTHER NITRILES SUCH AS CYANAMIDES & CYANATES HAVE NO CYANIDE EFFECT. /NITRILES/For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for GLYCOLONITRILE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Artificial Pollution SourcesGlycolonitrile's production and use as a solvent and organic intermediate(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Environmental BioconcentrationAn estimated BCF of 0.5 was calculated for glycolonitrile(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -1.6(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.
Volatilization from Water/SoilThe Henry's Law constant for glycolonitrile is estimated as 7.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that glycolonitrile is not expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 61 hrs(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 30 days(SRC). Glycolonitrile's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Glycolonitrile is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 0.8 mm Hg(3).
CERCLA 보고 수량Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Formaldehyde cyanohydrin is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 1,000 lbs.
직업 노출 한계(OEL)Ceiling: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) [15-minute]
수질 위해 등급(WGK)-
TSCA 등재 상태TSCA listed
RTECS 번호AM0350000
운송 번호(UN)UN 3276 6.1/PG 1
독성mouse,LCLo,inhalation,27ppm/8H (27ppm),BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE,"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969.
위험 문구(R)26/27/28
위험 표시T+
안전 문구(S)36/37/39-45-36/37-28
포장분류I
위험 등급6.1(a)Acute Tox. 2 DermalAcute Tox. 2 InhalationAcute Tox. 2 Oral
저장 분류6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2very toxic hazardous materials
유해 물질 데이터107-16-4(Hazardous Substances Data)