티이피피

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

Use water in large amounts, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Remove immediately from exposure. Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink, but NOT if convulsions occur. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Warning: Effects may be delayed up to 12 hours. Caution is advised.

(General first aid procedures)

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Acetylcholinesterase activity in red blood cells = 70% of individual's baseline; Butylcholinesterase activity in serum or plasma = 60% of individual's baseline; Sample at end of shift; [TLVs and BEIs]

0.06 [mg/m3]

/To fight fire use:/ Powder, alcohol-resistant foam, water in large amounts, carbon dioxide.

Fire Fighting: Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.

If material is on fire or involved in a fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical. Use water to absorb vapors. /Tetraethyl pyrophosphate, liquid/

It should be stored in moisture-proof containers in a cool well-ventilated area. Empty drums should be decontaminated; never re-use containers.

Ambient temperature

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing /is necessary/. /Keep/ separated from food and feedstuffs. Dry. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Spills of pesticides at any stage of their storage or handling should be treated with great care. Liquid formulations may be reduced to solid phase by evaporation. Dry sweeping of solids is always hazardous: These should be removed by vacuum cleaning or by dissolving them in water or other solvent in the factory environment. /Pesticides/

1. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 2. Collect for reclamation or absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or similar material.

Environmental considerations-Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with a impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, or cement powder. /Tetraethyl pyrophosphate, liquid/

Environmental consideration-Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate). Adjust pH to neutral (pH 7). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Tetraethyl pyrophosphate, liquid/

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

[40 CFR 240-280, 300-306, 702-799 (7/1/2004)] Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P111, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration with a temperature range of 820 to 1600 °C with residence times for liquids and solids; seconds; solids: hours. Also, a potential candidate for liquid injection incineration with a liquid injection with a temperature range of 650 to 1600 °C with residence times of 0.1 to 2 seconds. Also, a potential candidiate for fluidized bed incineration range of 450 to 980 °C with residence times for liquids and gases, seconds; solids, longer.

Group I Containers: Combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) should be disposed of in pesticide incinerators or in specified landfill sites. /Organic or metallo-organic pesticides/

Group II Containers: Non-combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) must first be triple-rinsed. Containers that are in good condition may be returned to the manufacturer or formulator of the pesticide product, or to a drum reconditioner for reuse with the same type of pesticide product, if such reuse is legal under Department of Transportation regulations (eg 49 CFR 173.28). Containers that are not to be reused should be punctured ... and transported to a scrap metal facility for recycling, disposal, or burial in a designated landfill. /Organic or metallo-organic pesticides/

Tepp /tetraethylpyrophosphate/ is 50% hydrolyzed in water in 6.8 hr at 25 °C, and 3.3 hr at 39 °C; 99% hydrolysis requires 45.2 hr at 25 °C, or 21.9 hr at 38 °C. Hydrolysis of tepp yields nontoxic products. Recommendable methods: Incineration & hydrolysis. Peer review: Large amt - incinerate at high temp in a unit with effluent gas scrubbing. (Peer-review conclusions of an IRPTC expert consultation (May 1985))

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable non-metallic containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

Skin that becomes contaminated with TEPP should be immediately washed or showered to remove any TEPP.

Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where TEPP is handled, processed, or stored. Employees who handle TEPP should wash their hands thoroughly before eating, smoking or using toilet facilities.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Eserine was bound to the catalytic site of squid head ganglia acetylcholinesterase, in vitro, while atropine was bound to a second site distinct from the active center. TEPP diminished the binding of eserine but had little effect on atropine. ...

LD50 Anas platyrhynchos (mallard) oral 3.56 mg/kg, 3-4 month old males /40% Tepp, 60% other ethyl phosphates/

LD50 Phasianus colchicus (pheasant) oral 4.22 mg/kg, 3-4 month old males (95% confidence limit: 2.93-6.09 mg/kg) /40% Tepp, 60% other ethyl phosphates/

LD50 Alectoris chuckar (chukar) oral 10.1 mg/kg, 3-4 month old (95% confidence limit: 7.28-14.0 mg/kg) /40% Tepp, 60% other ethyl phosphates/

LD50 Rana catesbeiana (bullfrog) oral 89.1 mg/kg (95% confidence limit: 46.3-171 mg/kg), males /40% Tepp, 60% other ethyl phosphates/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE (20 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2.2(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1.00X10+6 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tetraethyl pyrophosphate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tetraethyl pyrophosphate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.60X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), and water solubility(2). Tetraethyl pyrophosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(2). Biodegradation data for this substance were not located in the literature.

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2.2(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1.00X10+6 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tetraethyl pyrophosphate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.60X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), and water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 3.2(SRC), from an estimated log Kow(5) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data for this substance were not located in the literature.

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetraethyl pyrophosphate, which has a vapor pressure of 2.60X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetraethyl pyrophosphate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5.0 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.7X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3).

Aquatic or Terrestrial Fate: ... Rapidly hydrolyzed in the presence of moisture.

Tetraethyl pyrophosphate was detected in foods sampled by the Food and Drug Administration during regulatory monitoring from 1978-1982(1). The concentrations of tetraethyl pyrophosphate and the types of food in which it was detected were not given.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Dizziness. Pupillary constriction, muscle cramp, excessive salivation. Sweating. Laboured breathing. Cough. Weakness. Abdominal cramps. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting. Incoordination. Convulsions. Unconsciousness.

EASILY ABSORBED! Redness. Pain. Further see Inhalation.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision.

See Inhalation.

Eye pain, blurred vision, lacrimation (discharge of tears); rhinorrhea (discharge of thin nasal mucus); headache, chest tightness, cyanosis; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), twitching, paralysis, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, convulsions; low blood pressure, cardiac irreg; sweating

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to mammals, birds and bees. This substance does enter the environment under normal use. Great care, however, should be taken to avoid any additional release, for example through inappropriate disposal.

Recommended medical surveillance: The following procedures should be made available to each employee who is exposed to TEPP at potentially hazardous levels: Initial Medical Examination: A complete history and physical examination: The purpose is to detect pre-existing conditions that might place the exposed employee at increased risk, and to establish a baseline for future health monitoring. Examination of the respiratory system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, and attention to the cholinesterase levels in the blood should be stressed. The skin should be examined for evidence of chronic disorders. Cholinesterase determination: TEPP causes depressed levels of activity of cholinesterase in the serum and erythrocytes. The cholinesterase activity in the serum and erythrocytes should be determined by using medically acceptable biochemical tests prior to any new period of exposure. Periodic Medical Examination: The aforementioned medical examinations should be the cholinesterase determination which should be performed quarterly or at any time overexposure is suspected or signs and symptoms of toxicity occur.

...Workers /should/ undergo an annual medical exam... . Contraindications for work with organophosporous pesticides are organic diseases of the CNS, mental disorders and epilepsy, pronounced endocrine disorders... . Blood cholinesterase /SRP: both plasma and RBC/ must be determined before work starts. In the event of prolonged work periods, this activity should be determined at intervals of 3-4 days. Persons exhibiting a fall in choinesterase activity of 25% or more must be transferred to other work where they are not exposed... until /cholinesterase activity/ is... restored. /Organophosphorous pesticides/

Measurement of whole blood-AChE is the most widely adopted method for monitoring the effects of occupational exposure to organophosphorus insecticides. Physiological variations in blood ChE levels occur in a healthy person and are seen among a population. It has been estimated that the coefficient of variation for AChE activity in samples from an individual is 8-11%, and that a decrease of 23% below pre-exposure level may, therefore, be considered significant. If the average of several pre-exposure values were available, then a decrease of 17% would be significant. It has been recommended that, if measured activity is reduced by 30% or more of the pre-exposure value, AChE measurements should be repeated at appropriate intervals to confirm the results. Depressions of AChE or ChE in excess of 20-25% are considered diagnostic of exposure but not, necessarily, indicative of hazard. Depressions of 30-50% or more are considered indicators for removal of an exposed individual from further contact with pesticides until levels return to normal. /Organophosphorus Pesticides/

...Organophosphorus pesticides may undergo hydrolysis in vivo to yield substituted phosphoric acids that are subsequently excreted in urine. Advances in gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) have made it possible to analyse the urine of exposed persons for the presence of appropriate metabolites. It is usually necessary to preserve the sample by the addition of chloroform, to concentrate or extract the metabolite(s), and to convert them to suitably-volatile derivatives that can be detected by GC. Obviously, access to a well-equipped analytical laboratory, capable of the quick processing of samples, is a necessary factor if monitoring by urine analysis is proposed. However, in some cases, simpler and sensitive colorimetric tests are available for screening the urine of exposed persons. Thus, 4-nitrophenol can be measured directly in the urine of workers exposed to parathion. Consideration of the concentration of metabolite(s) in the urine can be helpful in determining patterns of exposure, and these concentrations can be calibrated against the effects on AChE for a particular pesticide. However, the time-course and peak of excretion of metabolites appears to vary according to dose, so that serial sampling and analyses of urine are desirable. Levels of metabolite alone cannot be considered a guide to hazard. This is obvious when it is realized that pesticides that have very different toxicities may yield identical acidic metabolites. Thus, the level of metabolites in urine, after exposure to sufficient amounts of the very toxic parathion-methyl to depress blood-AChE to 50%, will be much lower than that of the identical metabolites, following exposure to the related fenitrothion, which is about 40 times less toxic. /Organophosphorus Pesticides/

The Koc of tetraethyl pyrophosphate is estimated as 2.2(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.00X10+6 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that tetraethyl pyrophosphate is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

P111; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when tetraethyl pyrophosphate, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Tetraethyl pyrophosphate is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 100 lbs.

Tetraethyl pyrophosphate is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.

Commercially available as dust, concentrate, or solution in methyl chloride to kill aphids, spiders, mites, mealy bugs, leafhoppers, and thrips; [ACGIH] Used on vegetable and fruit crops, it is one of the first organophosphate insecticide developed and has been largely replaced by newer products. [HSDB]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For tetraethyl pyrophosphate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 079601) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Insecticide-acaricide; used on three vegetable crops and three fruit crops; one of first organic phosphate insecticides in the US (1946); largely replaced by other products.

... /It is/ used in the control of some aphids, spider mites, mealybugs, and leafhoppers and thrips.

Contact poison ... very effective against active stages of mites and other soft bodied insects.

Chloroethane is an impurity of the reaction of ethanol with phosphorous oxychloride, and triethylphosphate; ethanol with diethylphosphorochloridate and triethylphosphate and phosphorous oxychloride.

Pyridine hydrochloride is an impurity to the hydrolysis of diethylphosphoric acid chloride reaction.

(1972) No Data

(1975) No Data

(1972) No Data

(1975) No Data

100% FOR AGRICULTURE (1975)

(1974) 4.54X10+7 GRAMS (CONSUMPTION)

Reaction of triethyl phosphate with phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentoxide, or diethyl phosphorochloridate

/It is/ prepared commercially by controlled hydrolysis of o,o-diethylphosphoric acid chloride: Kosolapoff, US Patent 2,479,939 (1947 to Monsanto)

Tepp (crude): (a) by interaction of triethyl phosphate (5 moles) and phosphorus oxychloride (schrader). (b) by interaction of triethyl phosphate (4 moles) and phosphorus pentoxide (woodstock).

Reaction of ethanol with phosphorous oxychloride.

Technical: 40% plus 60% related ethyl phosphates; Aerosols: (5-10%); Dusts: (0.66-1.2%); Sprays: 10-40%.

Ethyl polyphosphate contains 12 to 20% tetraethylpyrophosphate

As an aerosol, solution in methyl chloride is used. Tepp is available as 0.66 to 1.2% dusts and 10-40% emulsifiable concentrates.

Bladan, Fosnex, Gy-Tet 40, HETP, Hexaethyltetraphosphate, Killex, Kilmite, Lethalaire, Liicophosphate, Nifos T, Pyfos, Pyro-Phos, Teep, Tetradusto 100, Tetron, Tetraspa, and Vapotone.

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies Tetraethyl pyrophosphate (technical grade) as an active ingredient believed to be obsolete or discontinued for use as a pesticide.

TEPP has been found to be the insecticidal component of HETP, and is the material now in production.

The first organophosphorus ester insecticide to be used commercially was tetraethylpyrophosphate (TEPP); although effective, it was extremely toxic to all forms of life and chemical stability was a major problem in that TEPP hydrolyzed readily in the presence of moisture.