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HCID 82146생성일: 2026년 10월 27일

Bexarotene

Targretin · SR 11247 · Bexaroten · LG 69 · CS-171 · Targret · LGD1069 · Lg 1069

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/82146

Bexarotene 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.153559-49-0
분자식C24H28O2
평균 분자량348.5 g/mol
단동위원소 질량348.20893014 g/mol
SMILESC=C(c1ccc(C(=O)O)cc1)c1cc2c(cc1C)C(C)(C)CCC2(C)C
InChIKeyNAVMQTYZDKMPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID82146
ChEMBLCHEMBL1023
ChEBICHEBI:50859
EC No.681-650-8
DTXSIDDTXSID1040619

화학 및 물리적 성질

XLogP7.6
극성 표면적37.3
수소 결합 공여자 수1
수소 결합 수용자 수2
회전 가능 결합 수3
무거운 원자 수26
형식 전하0
복잡도551
의약품Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15
LogP(분배 계수)6.9
Color/FormOff-white to white powder
용해도Insoluble in water and slightly soluble in vegetable oils and ethanol1.49e-04 g/LDMSO 및 에탄올에 용해됨
Human DrugsFDA approved drugs -> Active ingredientEMA approved medicines: Human medicine
Endocrine DisruptorsPotential endocrine disrupting compound
녹는점230-231 °C230-231°C
Physical DescriptionSolid
Stability/Shelf LifeAvoid exposing to high temperatures and humidity after the bottle is opened. Protect from light.
Collision Cross Section208.7 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DTBuffer gas: N2Ionization: ESI-Dataset: TOXCASTSource Identifier: DTXSID1040619]
Other Experimental PropertiesAlso reported as white crystals, mp 234 °C
끓는 점489.7±44.0 °C(Predicted)
밀도1.042
저장 조건-20°C
물리적 상태백색분말
pKa(산도 계수)4.08±0.10(Predicted)
색상흰색에서 베이지색
Merck14,1194
안정성제공된 대로 구매일로부터 1년 동안 안정적입니다. DMSO 또는 에탄올 용액은 -20°에서 최대 1주일 동안 보관할 수 있습니다.
InChIInChI=1S/C24H28O2/c1-15-13-20-21(24(5,6)12-11-23(20,3)4)14-19(15)16(2)17-7-9-18(10-8-17)22(25)26/h7-10,13-14H,2,11-12H2,1,3-6H3,(H,25,26)
InChIKeyNAVMQTYZDKMPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESC(O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C2=C(C)C=C3C(=C2)C(C)(C)CCC3(C)C)=C)C=C1

화학적 성질

White Solid

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류WarningH302 (11.1%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 9 reports by companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
규제 정보Bexarotene: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Hazard Classes and CategoriesAcute Tox. 4 (11.1%)
Shipment Methods and Regulations/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Methods for transporting hazardous drugs to the health-care setting should be consistent with environmental protection and national or local regulations for transporting hazardous substances. When hazardous drugs are being transported to the home-care setting, appropriate containers (eg, lined cardboard boxes) and procedures should be used to prevent breakage and contain leakage. ... The drugs must be securely capped or sealed and properly packaged and protected during transport to reduce further the chance of breakage and spillage in a public area such as a corridor or elevator. /Antineoplastic agents/
보관 조건Store at 2 deg to 25 °C (36 deg to77deg F).
정리 방법/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Spill kits containing all materials needed to clean up spills of hazardous drugs should be assembled or purchased. These kits should be readily available in all areas where hazardous drugs are routinely handled. If hazardous drugs are being prepared or administered in a nonroutine area (home setting or unusual patient-care area), a spill kit should be obtained by the drug handler. The kit should include two pairs of disposable gloves (one outer pair of utility gloves and one inner latex pair)low-permeability, disposable protective garments (coveralls or gown and shoe covers)safety glasses or splash gogglesrespiratorabsorbent, plastic-backed sheets or spill padsdisposable towelingat least 2 sealable thick plastic hazardous waste disposal bags (prelabeled with an appropriate warning label)a disposable scoop for collecting glass fragments

용도

개요

Bexarotene was launched in the US for the treatment of manifestations of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in patients who are refractory to at least one prior systemic therapy. The four step synthesis of bexarotene involves a double Friedel-Craft alkylation of toluene with 2,5-dichloro-2,5-dimethylhexane followed by acylation with monomethylterephthalic acid chloride, then Wittig methylidenation. Bexarotene is the first retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist to be selective versus retinoid A receptors (RAR). Its activation of the three RXRα, β, γ isoforms induces cell differentiation and apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation in several models of cancer. In phase ll/lll clinical trials, 48% of patients with refractory or persistent early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma achieved a complete or partial response when treated with 300 mg/m2/day of bexarotene. It was shown in phase I trials that this second-generation retinoid was substantially less toxic than the broad-spectrum or RARselective retinoids.

용도

Bexarotene is used as a Synthetic retinoid analog with specific affinity for the retinoid X receptor, an antineoplastic agent, already approved as an oral antineoplastic agent for cutaneous T cell lymphoma and being investigated against other cancers. A study has found that bexarotene in a mouse Alzheimers model lowered the most toxic form of β-amyloid peptide and increased cognitive ability.

일반 설명

Bexarotene is available in 75-mg capsules for oral administrationin the treatment of refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.The agent is also available as a gel that may be usedtopically. The mechanism of action has not been fully establishedbut is thought to involve binding to retinoid receptorsresulting ultimately in the formation of transcription factorsthat promote cell differentiation and regulate cellular proliferation.168 Bexarotene has been demonstrated to activateapoptosis as a result of stimulation of caspase 3 and inhibitionof survivin, an antiapoptotic protein that would normallyinhibit caspase activity.Apoptosis is also stimulatedbecause of cleavage of poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase,which is antiapoptotic. Reduced expression of the retinoidreceptor subtypes RXR and RAR has also been demonstratedfor the agent. Absorption is nearly complete afteroral administration and plasma protein binding is high(＜99%).There is extensive metabolism in the liver togive 6- and 7-hydroxy-bexarotene and 6- and 7-oxobexaroteneas well as glucuronides of these metabolites andthe parent. Elimination occurs via the feces with an eliminationhalf-life of 7 hours. Adverse effects include hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia, hypothyroidism, myelosuppression,nausea, and skin rash.

and a puncture-resistant container for glass fragments. All individuals who routinely handle hazardous drugs must be trained in proper spill management and cleanup procedures. Spills and breakages must be cleaned up immediately according to the following procedures. If the spill is not located in a confined space, the spill area should be identified and other people should be prevented from approaching and spreading the contamination. Wearing protective apparel from the spill kit, workers should remove any broken glass fragments and place them in the puncture-resistant container. Liquids should be absorbed with a spill pad
powder should be removed with damp disposable gauze pads or soft toweling. The hazardous material should be completely removed and the area rinsed with water and then cleaned with detergent. The spill cleanup should proceed progressively from areas of lesser to greater contamination. The detergent should be thoroughly rinsed and removed. All contaminated materials should be placed in the disposal bags provided and sealed and transported to a designated containment receptacle. Spills occurring in the biohazard cabinet should be cleaned up immediately
a spill kit should be used if the volume exceeds 150 ml or the contents of one drug vial or ampule. If there is broken glass, utility gloves should be worn to remove it and place it in the puncture-resistant container located in the biohazard cabinet. The biological safety cabinet, including the drain spillage trough, should be thoroughly cleaned. If the spill is not easily and thoroughly contained, the biological safety cabinet should be decontaminated after cleanup. If the spill contaminates the high efficiency particulate air filter, use of the biological safety cabinet should be suspended until the cabinet has been decontaminated and the high efficiency particulate air filter replaced. /Antineoplastic agents/
/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ If hazardous drugs are routinely prepared or administered in carpeted areas, special equipment is necessary to remove the spill. Absorbent powder should be substituted for pads or sheets and left in place on the spill for the time recommended by the manufacturer. The powder should then be picked up with a small vacuum unit reserved for hazardous drug cleanup. The carpet should then be cleaned according to usual procedures. The vacuum bag should be removed and discarded or cleaned, and the exterior of the vacuum cleaner should be washed with detergent and rinsed before being covered and stored. The contaminated powder should be discarded into a sealable plastic bag and segregated with other contaminated waste materials. Alternatively, inexpensive wet or dry vacuum units may be purchased for this express use and used with appropriate cleaners. All such units are contaminated, once used, and must be cleaned, stored, and ultimately discarded /properly/ ... The circumstances and handling of spills should be documented. Health-care personnel exposed during spill management should also complete an incident report or exposure form. /Antineoplastic agents/
처리 방법/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ All contaminated disposables should be contained in sealable bags for transfer to larger waste containers. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ All bottles must be discarded as contaminated waste after decontamination of the biohazard cabinet. All protective apparel (gown, gloves, goggles, and respirator) should be discarded as contaminated waste. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ The contaminated filters must be removed, bagged in thick plastic and prepared for disposal in a hazardous waste dump site or incinerator licensed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ The gown should be removed and placed in a sealable container before removal of the inner gloves. The inner gloves should be removed last and placed in the container with the gown. /Antineoplastic agents/For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for BEXAROTENE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Preventive Measures/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Accidental contamination of the health-care environment, resulting in exposure of personnel, patients, visitors, and family members to hazardous substances, is prevented by maintaining the physical integrity and security of packages of hazardous drugs. 1. Access to all areas where hazardous drugs are stored is limited to specified authorized staff. 2. A method should be present for identifying to personnel those drugs that require special precautions (eg, cytotoxics). One way to accomplish this is to apply appropriate warning labels to all hazardous drug containers, shelves, and bins where the drug products are stored. ... 3. A method of identifying, for patients and family members, those drugs that require special precautions in the home should be in place. This may be accomplished in the health-care setting, by providing specific labeling for discharge medications, along with written instructions. 4. Methods for identifying shipping cartons of hazardous drugs should be required from manufacturers and distributors of these drugs. 5. Written procedures for handling damaged packages of hazardous drugs should be maintained. Personnel involved in shipping and receiving hazardous drugs should be trained in these procedures, including the proper use of protective garments and equipment. Damaged shipping cartons of hazardous drugs should be received and opened in an isolated area (eg, in a laboratory fume hood, if available, not in a vertical laminar airflow biological safety cabinet used for preparing sterile products). /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Facilities (eg, shelves, carts, counters, and trays) for storing hazardous drugs are designed to prevent breakage and to limit contamination in the event of leakage. Bins, shelves with barriers at the front, or other design features that reduce the chance of drug containers falling to the floor should be used. Hazardous drugs requiring refrigeration should be stored separately from nonhazardous drugs in individual bins designed to prevent breakage and to contain leakage. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Until the reproductive risks (or lack thereof) associated with handling hazardous drugs within a safety program have been substantiated, staff who are pregnant or breast-feeding should be allowed to avoid contact with these drugs. Policies should be in effect that provide these individuals with alternative tasks or responsibilities if they so desire. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ The pharmacy should provide access to information on toxicity, treatment of acute exposure (if available), chemical inactivators, solubility and stability of hazardous drugs (including investigational agents) used in the workplace. /Antineoplastic agents/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for BEXAROTENE (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Protective apparel: Disposable closed-front gown or coveralls, disposable utility gloves over disposable latex gloves, NIOSH-approved air-purifying half-mask respirator equipped with a high efficiency filter, and eye protection should be worn. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Class 100 clean-air work stations, both horizontal and vertical airflow (with no containment characteristics), are inappropriate engineering controls for handling hazardous drugs because they provide no personnel protection and permit environmental contamination. Although there are no engineering controls designed specifically for the safe handling of hazardous chemicals as sterile products, Class II contained vertical-flow biological safety cabinets (biohazard cabinets) have been adopted for this use. Biohazard cabinetry is, however, designed for the handling of infectious agents, not hazardous chemicals. ... Based on design, ease of use, and cost considerations, Class II contained-vertical-flow biohazard cabinetry is currently recommended for use in preparing sterile doses of hazardous drugs. Class II cabinetry design and performance specifications are defined in NSF Standard 49. Biological safety cabinets selected for use with hazardous drugs should meet NSF Standard 49 specifications to ensure the maximum protection from these engineering controls. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Workers should wear powder free, disposable surgical latex gloves of good quality when preparing hazardous drugs. Selection criteria for gloves should include thickness (especially at the fingertips where stress is the greatest), fit, length, and tactile sensation. ... The practice of double gloving is supported by research that indicates that many glove materials vary in drug permeability even within lotstherefore, double gloving is recommended. ... In general, surgical latex gloves fit better, have appropriate elasticity for double gloving and maintaining the integrity of the glove-gown interface, and have sufficient tactile sensation (even during double gloving) for stringent aseptic procedures. ... Powdered gloves should be avoided. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Workers who are not protected by the containment environment of a biohazard cabinet should use respiratory protection when handling hazardous drugs. Respiratory protection should be an adjunct to and not a substitute for engineering controls. Surgical masks of all types provide no respiratory protection against powdered or liquid aerosols of hazardous drugs. In situations where workers may be exposed to potential eye contact with hazardous drugs, an appropriate plastic face shield or splash goggles should be worn. /Antineoplastic agents//PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ During compounding of hazardous drugs (eg, crushing, dissolving, and preparing an ointment), workers should wear low permeability gowns and double gloves. Compounding should take place in a protective area such as a disposable glove box. If compounding must be done in the open, an area away from drafts and traffic must be selected, and the worker should use appropriate respiratory protection. /Antineoplastic agents/
상호 작용Because bexarotene is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4, ketoconazole, itraconazole, erythromycin, gemfibrozil, grapefruit juice, and other inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4 would be expected to lead to an increase in plasma bexarotene concentrations. Furthermore, rifampin, phenytoin, phenobarbital and other inducers of cytochrome P450 3A4 may cause a reduction in plasma bexarotene concentrations.Concomitant administration of /bexarotene/ capsules and gemfibrozil resulted in substantial increases in plasma concentrations of bexarotene, probably at least partially related to cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by gemfibrozil. Under similar conditions, bexarotene concentrations were not affected by concomitant atorvastatin administration. Concomitant administration of gemfibrozil with /bexarotene/ capsules is not recommended.Based on interim data, concomitant administration of /bexarotene/ capsules and tamoxifen resulted in approximately a 35% decrease in plasma concentrations of tamoxifen, possibly through an induction of cytochrome P450 3A4. Based on this known interaction, bexarotene may theoretically increase the rate of metabolism and reduce plasma concentrations of other substrates metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4, including oral or other systemic hormonal contraceptives.Leukopenic and/or thrombocytopenic effects of bexarotene may be increased with concurrent or recent therapy /with blood dycrasia-causing medications/ if these medications cause the same effectsdosage adjustment of the bone marrow depressant, if necessary, should be based on blood counts.For more Interactions (Complete) data for BEXAROTENE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
HepatotoxicitySerum aminotransferase elevations occur in 5% of patients treated with bexarotene, but the abnormalities are generally mild, transient and not associated with symptoms or jaundice. However, cases of clinically apparent liver injury with jaundice have been reported with bexarotene therapy, some of which were severe and even fatal. Hepatotoxicity appears to be more common with higher doses. The clinical features of the hepatic injury with bexarotene have not been described in any detail and case reports of hepatotoxicity have yet to be published. Nevertheless, the product label mentions hepatotoxicity and recommends prospective monitoring of routine liver tests.
Medical Surveillance/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ There is no method available for routine monitoring of personnel for evidence of hazardous drug exposure. Tests for the presence of mutagens or chromosomal damage are not drug specific and are of value only in controlled studies. Chemical analysis of urine for the presence of hazardous drugs at the sensitivity level needed to detect occupational exposure is limited to a few drugs and is not yet commercially available. /Antineoplastic agents/
Human Toxicity Excerpts/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Doses up to 1000 mg/sq m /day of /bexarotene/ capsules have been administered in short-term studies in patients with advanced cancer without acute toxic effects./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Adverse effects considered possibly related to oral bexarotene therapy include lipid abnormalities, hypothyroidism, headache, asthenia, rash, leukopenia, anemia, nausea, infection, peripheral edema, abdominal pain, and dry skin./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acute pancreatitis has been reported in several patients treated with bexarotene and has been fatal in at least one patient. The manufacturer states that patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) who have risk factors for pancreatitis (eg, prior pancreatitis, uncontrolled hyperlipidemia, excessive alcohol consumption, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, biliary tract disease, or drugs associated with pancreatic toxicity or known to increase triglyceride concentrations) generally should not be treated with bexarotene./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ New cataracts or worsening of previously existing cataracts was reported in some patients, and posterior subcapsular cataracts were observed in preclinical toxicity studies in animals. Because of the high incidence of cataracts in older patients, the relationship between bexarotene use and cataract formation has not been established to date. Patients experiencing visual difficulties should have an appropriate ophthalmologic evaluation.For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for BEXAROTENE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Drug Induced Liver InjuryDrug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)BexarotenevMost-DILI-concern8Warnings & precautionsDOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Bexarotene caused malformations when administered orally to pregnant rats during days 7-17 of gestation. Developmental abnormalities included incomplete ossification at 4 mg/kg/day and cleft palate, depressed eye bulge/microphthalmia, and small ears at 16 mg/kg/day. The plasma AUC of bexarotene in rats at 4 mg/kg/day is approximately one third the AUC in humans at the recommended daily dose. At doses greater than 10 mg/kg/day, bexarotene caused developmental mortality. The no effect dose for fetal effects in rats was 1 mg/kg/day./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Bexarotene caused testicular degeneration when oral doses of 1.5 mg/kg/day were given to dogs for 91 days./GENOTOXICITY/ Bexarotene is not mutagenic to bacteria (Ames assay) or mammalian cells (mouse lymphoma assay). Bexarotene was not clastogenic in vivo (micronucleus test in mice).
Probable Routes of Human Exposure/PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ The danger to health-care personnel from handling a hazardous drug stems from a combination of its inherent toxicity and the extent to which workers are exposed to the drug in the course of carrying out their duties. This exposure may be through inadvertent ingestion of the drug on foodstuffs (eg, workers' lunches), inhalation of drug dusts or droplets or direct skin contact. /Antineoplastic agents/
Antidote and Emergency TreatmentBasic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/
수질 위해 등급(WGK)3
관세 코드29163990
저장 분류11 - Combustible Solids
유해 물질 데이터153559-49-0(Hazardous Substances Data)